【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,中高端數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為各個(gè)國家制造業(yè)的重要裝備之一。銑車復(fù)合加工中心是中高端機(jī)床的典型代表,以高精度、高效率、高速度等各項(xiàng)優(yōu)勢(shì),得到了各國的一致認(rèn)可;機(jī)床的各項(xiàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)與其關(guān)鍵性功能部件的優(yōu)劣是密不可分的。作為機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵性功能部件--直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架,其性能的高低對(duì)機(jī)床的幾何精度、加工質(zhì)量及效率產(chǎn)生直接的影響。因此,對(duì)直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架的靜動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行研究,看其是否能夠滿足加工精度的要求,是非常有必要的。本文以銑車復(fù)合加工中心的關(guān)鍵性功能部件直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了靜動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析、諧響應(yīng)分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)加工中心銑削時(shí)引起的顫振進(jìn)行了分析,得到了加工穩(wěn)定性葉瓣圖。本文的研究內(nèi)容主要如下:(1)運(yùn)用Solidworks軟件建立了直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架三維建模,并采用ANSYS Workbench軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)特性分析,得到在銑削力和重力作用下的最大變形量和最大應(yīng)力。(2)對(duì)直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架模型進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,得到前6階固有頻率,并對(duì)不同擺角下直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架的模態(tài)進(jìn)行分析,得到了擺角對(duì)模態(tài)的影響規(guī)律。(3)在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)分析,得到在激振力作用下的幅頻特性曲線圖,從圖中可以看出容易發(fā)生共振的頻率,從而加工時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免落在這些頻率附近。(4)對(duì)直驅(qū)擺頭動(dòng)力刀架進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得到了加工中心在加工時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性葉瓣圖。研究了銑刀齒數(shù)、徑向切削深度和進(jìn)給量對(duì)加工穩(wěn)定性的影響規(guī)律,結(jié)果表明銑刀齒數(shù)越少、徑向切削深度小、進(jìn)給量適當(dāng)增加,越不容易發(fā)生顫振。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the development of high-end CNC machine tools has become one of the important equipment in the manufacturing industry of various countries. The compound machining center of milling machine is a typical representative of middle and high end machine tools, which has been unanimously recognized by all countries because of its high precision, high efficiency, high speed and so on. The advantages of machine tools are closely related to the advantages and disadvantages of its key functional components. As the key functional component of machine tool, the performance of direct drive swing head power tool holder has a direct impact on the geometric accuracy, machining quality and efficiency of machine tool. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the static and dynamic characteristics of the straight drive swing head power tool holder to see if it can meet the requirements of machining accuracy. In this paper, the dynamic and static characteristics and harmonic response of the power tool holder, which is the key functional component of the milling center, are analyzed, and the flutter caused by the milling of the machining center is analyzed, and the blade diagram of the machining stability is obtained. based on the analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics and the harmonic response of the tool holder, the flutter caused by the milling of the machining center is analyzed, and the blade diagram of the machining stability is obtained. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the three-dimensional modeling of the power tool holder of the straight drive swing head is established by using Solidworks software, and the static characteristics of the tool holder are analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software, and the maximum deformation and stress under the action of milling force and gravity are obtained. (2) the modal analysis of the dynamic tool holder model of the straight drive swing head is carried out, and the first six natural frequencies are obtained. The modes of the power tool holder with straight drive swing head under different pendulum angles are analyzed, and the influence of swing angle on the mode is obtained. (3) on the basis of modal analysis, the harmonic response analysis of the power tool holder of straight drive swing head is carried out, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve under the action of excitation force is obtained, from which we can see the frequency that is prone to resonance. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid falling near these frequencies as far as possible. (4) the dynamic analysis of the power tool holder of the straight drive swing head is carried out, and the stable lobe diagram of the machining center during machining is obtained. The effects of milling cutter tooth number, radial cutting depth and feed rate on machining stability are studied. the results show that the smaller the number of milling cutter teeth, the smaller the radial cutting depth and the proper increase of feed rate, the less flutter occurs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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