【摘要】：聚晶金剛石復(fù)合鉆頭(PDC)因其具有極高的鉆探效率,已被廣泛地應(yīng)用于石油、地質(zhì)勘探、天然氣等諸多領(lǐng)域。這種鉆頭是將聚晶金剛石復(fù)合片釬焊在高強(qiáng)鋼基體上制備而成的。目前,工廠生產(chǎn)聚晶金剛石鉆頭常采用手工火焰釬焊的方法。這種釬焊方法不僅效率低,而且工人稍有不慎就會(huì)造成金剛石的高溫碳化,使產(chǎn)品報(bào)廢。而高頻感應(yīng)釬焊具有升溫速度快、溫度可控,且一次性將全部金剛石復(fù)合片焊接完成的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。其作為替代傳統(tǒng)手工釬焊的新型工藝,逐漸成為該領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。而傳統(tǒng)的銀基釬料并不能滿足實(shí)際需要,所以找出高頻感應(yīng)釬焊合適的釬料,是該工藝能成功應(yīng)用的前提,因此亟待開發(fā)新型釬料。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率與高質(zhì)量地制造金剛石鉆頭,本文研制了一種適應(yīng)于高頻感應(yīng)釬焊的新型銀基釬焊膏。該釬焊膏具有良好的可操作性、易用性和安全性,可配合高頻感應(yīng)釬焊,制備聚晶金剛石復(fù)合鉆頭,獲得良好的社會(huì)效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。新型銀基釬焊膏主要由釬料合金粉、釬劑、粘結(jié)劑組成,其中Ag-Cu-Zn合金釬料粉末占比75%~80%,氟化物銀釬劑粉末占比10%~14%,飽和硅酸鈉溶液占比7%~8%,白油占比2%~3%,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚占比1%~2%。本文測(cè)試了新型釬焊膏的潤(rùn)濕性、填充間隙能力、釬焊接頭力學(xué)性能以及最佳釬焊工藝。性能測(cè)試結(jié)果表明:在700℃以后,該釬焊膏在待焊母材表面具有良好的潤(rùn)濕性,多次測(cè)試結(jié)果的潤(rùn)濕角均小于20°。填縫性能測(cè)試中,當(dāng)墊片的厚度在2mm以下時(shí),它可以填充整個(gè)焊縫。爬高性能測(cè)試中,當(dāng)焊縫間隙小于1.2mm時(shí),該釬焊膏能夠逆重力填充高于25mm的焊縫;焊縫間隙為2.0mm時(shí),能夠填充高于10mm的焊縫,且焊縫具有很高的強(qiáng)度。力學(xué)性能測(cè)試結(jié)果表明:斷裂位置均出現(xiàn)在硬質(zhì)合金母材內(nèi)部,顯微分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在接近母材區(qū)域,Al、Cu等元素均勻過渡,無明顯的焊接缺陷。最后,本文經(jīng)測(cè)試得到該新型釬焊膏的最佳釬焊工藝參數(shù)如下:(1)釬焊溫度:680~700℃(2)釬焊保溫時(shí)間:20s(3)釬縫間隙:0.1~0.5mm(4)釬焊壓力:2.0MPa~4.0MPa。
[Abstract]:The PDC is widely used in the fields of petroleum, geological exploration and natural gas because of its extremely high drilling efficiency. The drill bit is prepared by welding a polycrystalline diamond composite sheet on a high-strength steel substrate. At present, the production of polycrystalline diamond bits in the factory often adopts manual flame welding. The welding method is not only low in efficiency, but also can lead to high-temperature carbonization of the diamond, so that the product is scrapped. The high-frequency induction welding has the advantages of high temperature-raising speed, controllable temperature, and one-time welding of all the diamond composite sheets. As an alternative to the traditional hand-welding, it has become a hot spot in this field. The traditional silver-based material can not meet the actual needs, so it is necessary to find a suitable material for high-frequency induction welding, which is the prerequisite for the successful application of the process, so it is urgent to develop a new type of material. In order to manufacture the diamond bit with high efficiency and high quality, a new type of silver-based solder paste for high-frequency induction welding is developed. The welding paste has good operability, ease of use and safety, can be matched with high-frequency induction welding to prepare the polycrystalline diamond composite drill bit, and has good social and economic benefits. The novel silver-based solder paste is mainly composed of the following components in percentage by weight:75-80% of Ag-Cu-Zn alloy powder,10-14% of fluoride-silver-containing powder,7-8% of saturated sodium silicate solution,2-3% of white oil and 1-2% of alkylphenol-polyoxyethylene ether. In this paper, the wettability, filling gap and mechanical properties of the novel solder paste and the optimum welding process are tested. The results of the performance test show that after 700 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2503515