【摘要】：現(xiàn)代機(jī)床正朝著高速度、高精度、大負(fù)載的方向發(fā)展,作為數(shù)控機(jī)床的重要組成部分,進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)靜動態(tài)特性的好壞直接影響機(jī)床的加工質(zhì)量和加工效率。本文以銑車復(fù)合加工中心雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)為研究對象,綜合運(yùn)用了理論建模、有限元分析、虛擬樣機(jī)等技術(shù)手段對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)及動力學(xué)研究與仿真,取得了以下研究成果:(1)建立了雙螺母預(yù)緊滾珠絲杠副的軸向接觸剛度模型�？紤]了結(jié)合部的影響,利用Workbench軟件建立了雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的有限元模型,并對其進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)仿真,得到了雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)在典型銑削工況下的靜力變形云圖。對單驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)特性分析,并和雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)特性分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,證明了雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)特性優(yōu)于單驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)。(2)根據(jù)機(jī)械振動理論,推導(dǎo)出了絲杠整體的的振型函數(shù)和振動頻率方程,考慮滾珠絲杠副、直線導(dǎo)軌副及支承軸承結(jié)合面的影響,對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)建模,并根據(jù)拉格朗日方程推導(dǎo)出了雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的振動微分方程。獲得了雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量矩陣、剛度矩陣、阻尼矩陣。(3)建立了10組融入結(jié)合面特性的雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)有限元模型,分別對10組有限元模型進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,研究了絲杠跨距和導(dǎo)軌跨距對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性的影響規(guī)律,在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上對原雙驅(qū)模型進(jìn)行了諧響應(yīng)分析,分析了阻尼對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性的影響,并提出了相應(yīng)的改善措施。最后對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)中的滾珠絲杠副進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,研究了支承方式和螺母位置對滾珠絲杠副動態(tài)特性的影響。(4)利用虛擬樣機(jī)軟件ADAMS對雙驅(qū)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真分析,研究了橫梁在快速進(jìn)給時(shí)的位移、速度、加速度特性。
[Abstract]:Modern machine tools are developing towards the direction of high speed, high precision and large load. As an important part of NC machine tools, the static and dynamic characteristics of feed system directly affect the machining quality and machining efficiency of machine tools. In this paper, the dual drive feed system of milling and turning compound machining center is taken as the research object, and the statics and dynamics of the double drive feed system are studied and simulated by means of theoretical modeling, finite element analysis, virtual prototype and so on. The following research results are obtained: (1) the axial contact stiffness model of double nut pretightening ball screw pair is established. Considering the influence of the joint, the finite element model of the dual-drive feed system is established by using Workbench software, and the static simulation is carried out, and the static deformation cloud diagram of the double-drive feed system under typical milling conditions is obtained. The static characteristics of the single drive feed system are analyzed and compared with the results of the static characteristics analysis of the double drive feed system. It is proved that the static characteristics of the double drive feed system are better than those of the single drive feed system. (2) according to the mechanical vibration theory, The vibration mode function and vibration frequency equation of the whole screw are derived. considering the influence of ball screw pair, linear guideway pair and supporting bearing joint surface, the dynamic modeling of the double drive feed system is carried out. According to Lagrangian equation, the vibration differential equation of double-drive feed system is derived. The mass matrix, stiffness matrix and damping matrix of the double drive feed system are obtained. (3) Ten groups of finite element models of the dual drive feed system with the characteristics of the joint surface are established, and the modal analysis of the 10 groups of finite element models is carried out respectively. The influence of screw span and guideway span on the dynamic characteristics of dual-drive feed system is studied. On the basis of modal analysis, the harmonic response of the original dual-drive model is analyzed, and the influence of damping on the dynamic characteristics of dual-drive feed system is analyzed. The corresponding improvement measures are put forward. Finally, the modal analysis of the ball screw pair in the dual-drive feed system is carried out, and the influence of the supporting mode and nut position on the dynamic characteristics of the ball screw pair is studied. (4) the virtual prototype software ADAMS is used to simulate and analyze the double-drive feed system. The displacement, velocity and acceleration characteristics of the beam during fast feed are studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG547

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