【摘要】：鈦合金因其優(yōu)異的綜合性能而被廣泛應(yīng)用于諸多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,但較低的塑性剪切抗力和摩擦氧化物的微弱保護(hù)作用使其耐磨性較差,阻礙了其應(yīng)用。因此,改善鈦合金的摩擦學(xué)性能具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價值。本文在TC11合金/GCr15鋼滑動界面上添加多層石墨烯/Fe2O3復(fù)合材料,以改善鈦合金的摩擦磨損性能。作為對比,同時研究了TC11合金在未添加及單獨添加多層石墨烯或Fe2O3納米顆粒下的摩擦磨損行為。采用XRD、SEM、EDS等微觀分析手段對磨損表面及亞表面的形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)及成分進(jìn)行全面測試,重點表征了摩擦層的特征,分析了摩擦層的形成過程、作用及對摩擦磨損性能的影響,并探討了磨損機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明,TC11合金的摩擦磨損行為與添加劑種類及載荷、添加量密切相關(guān)。單獨添加多層石墨烯時,無論何種載荷或添加量,TC11合金的磨損量均比未添加時高很多,平均摩擦系數(shù)也較大。單獨添加Fe2O3納米顆粒時,低載下磨損量較低,但平均摩擦系數(shù)很高;高載下,無論何種添加量,磨損量和平均摩擦系數(shù)均較大。對于多層石墨烯/Fe2O3復(fù)合材料添加劑,在載荷20-100N或添加量0.2-0.4g下,TC11合金的磨損量和平均摩擦系數(shù)均極低;而當(dāng)載荷增大至120N或添加量減小至0.1g時,磨損量和平均摩擦系數(shù)均快速升高。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)添加不同種類納米材料時,磨損表面均形成成分各異的摩擦層,其不同的作用顯著影響TC11合金的摩擦磨損性能及磨損機(jī)理。單獨的多層石墨烯添加劑吸附至磨面形成摩擦層,其因含多層石墨烯而具有潤滑作用,但弱的承載能力使其易于失去穩(wěn)定性和保護(hù)作用,TC11合金的耐磨性未得到提高,此時的磨損機(jī)理與未添加時類似,主要為粘著磨損和磨粒磨損。單獨添加Fe2O3納米顆粒時,摩擦層的形成依靠摩擦燒結(jié),含F(xiàn)e2O3的摩擦層承載能力較強(qiáng),TC11合金在低載下的耐磨性顯著提高,但摩擦性能并未改善;而在高載及任一添加量下,無潤滑的摩擦層在滑動中途失效,導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重磨損的出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)添加多層石墨烯/Fe2O3復(fù)合材料時,兩組分依次經(jīng)歷燒結(jié)和吸附形成主要含F(xiàn)e2O3和主要含多層石墨烯的摩擦層,雙層摩擦層因其良好的承載、潤滑能力而具有優(yōu)異的協(xié)同保護(hù)作用,在較高載荷或較少添加量下可穩(wěn)定存在至滑動結(jié)束,故發(fā)生輕微磨損,TC11合金的摩擦磨損性能同時得以顯著改善。
[Abstract]:Titanium alloy is widely used in many industrial fields because of its excellent comprehensive properties, but its low plastic shear resistance and weak protection of friction oxides make its wear resistance poor, which hinders its application. Therefore, improving the tribological properties of titanium alloys has important theoretical significance and engineering application value. In this paper, multi-layer graphene / Fe2O3 composite was added to the sliding interface of TC11 alloy / GCr15 steel to improve the friction and wear properties of titanium alloy. As a contrast, the friction and wear behavior of TC11 alloy without or without addition of multilayer graphene or Fe2O3 nanoparticles was studied. The morphology, structure and composition of wear surface and sub-surface were tested by means of XRD,SEM,EDS and other micro-analysis methods. The characteristics of friction layer were characterized, and the formation process, effect and influence on friction and wear properties of friction layer were analyzed. The wear mechanism is also discussed. The results show that the friction and wear behavior of TC11 alloy is closely related to the type of additive, the load and the amount of additive. No matter what load or amount of graphene, the wear of TC11 alloy is much higher and the average friction coefficient is higher than that of non-adding graphene. When Fe2O3 nanoparticles were added alone, the wear amount was lower under low load, but the average friction coefficient was very high, and under high load, the wear and average friction coefficient were larger no matter what amount of nano-particles were added. For the multilayered graphene / Fe2O3 composite additive, the wear capacity and average friction coefficient of the TC11 alloy are very low under the loading of 20 渭 100N or 0.2 渭 0.4 g. However, when the load increases to 120 N or decreases to 0.1 g, the wear loss and the average friction coefficient increase rapidly. It is found that when different kinds of nano-materials are added, friction layers with different composition are formed on the wear surfaces, and the friction and wear properties and wear mechanism of TC11 alloy are significantly affected by their different effects. A single multilayer graphene additive adsorbs to the grinding surface to form a friction layer, which has lubrication effect due to the presence of multi-layer graphene, but weak bearing capacity makes it easy to lose stability and protection, and the wear resistance of TC11 alloy has not been improved. The wear mechanism is similar to that without addition, mainly adhesive wear and abrasive wear. When Fe2O3 nanoparticles were added alone, the formation of friction layer depended on friction sintering. The load carrying capacity of friction layer containing Fe2O3 was stronger, and the wear resistance of TC11 alloy under low load was improved significantly, but the friction property was not improved. Under the condition of high load and any addition, the unlubricated friction layer fails in the middle of sliding, which leads to the appearance of serious wear and tear. When multi-layer graphene / Fe2O3 composites are added, the two components undergo sintering and adsorption in turn to form the friction layer containing Fe2O3 and graphene, and the double layer friction layer has good bearing capacity. The lubrication ability of TC11 alloy has excellent synergistic protective effect, which can be stabilized until the end of sliding under higher load or less adding amount. Therefore, slight wear occurs and the friction and wear properties of the alloy can be improved significantly at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG146.23

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