【摘要】：通過化學鍍的方法制備了雙層Ni-P、Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P復合鍍層和Ni-P-SiO_2復合鍍層的試樣,考察了Ni-P、Ni-Zn-P基礎鍍液配方中絡合劑和緩沖劑對鍍層的影響;深入研究了復合鍍層的施鍍工藝對鍍層表面組織形貌、斷面形貌和成分的影響,并探究了單層鍍層和復合鍍層耐蝕性。通過實驗研究,得到以下結(jié)論。在制備雙層Ni-P(中-高磷)復合鍍層時,當內(nèi)層中磷Ni-P鍍層施鍍10~20min,外層高磷Ni-P合金鍍層施鍍60min時,隨內(nèi)層施鍍時間增加,內(nèi)層鍍層厚度增加,內(nèi)外層鍍層厚度比減小,鍍層總厚度減小。當內(nèi)層施鍍時間30min,外層施鍍時間60min時,無法得到雙層Ni-P復合鍍層。在制備雙層Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P復合鍍層時,當內(nèi)層Ni-P鍍層施鍍5~10min,外層Ni-Zn-P合金鍍層施鍍60min時,無法得到雙層Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P復合鍍層。當內(nèi)層Ni-P鍍層施鍍20min,外層Ni-Zn-P合金鍍層施鍍60min時,得到了總厚度約7.5μm的雙層Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P復合鍍層,其中內(nèi)層鍍層的厚度約2.3μm,P含量約為9%,Ni含量約在86%;外層鍍層厚度約5.2μm,Zn含量約為5%,P含量約為11%,Ni含量約在84%,內(nèi)外層的厚度比約1:2。在制備Ni-P-納米SiO_2復合鍍層時,隨著納米SiO_2添加量的增加,Ni-P-SiO_2復合鍍層表面胞狀結(jié)構尺寸逐漸減小,且排列更加緊湊,鍍層更為平整致密,從而能夠提高鍍層的耐蝕性;而且硬度隨著納米SiO_2添加量的增加呈現(xiàn)逐漸上升的趨勢。在NaCl、H_2SO_4溶液中復合鍍層腐蝕速率明顯低于合金鍍層,能夠更好的提高基體材料的耐蝕性。由于復合鍍層能夠明顯提高鍍層的致密度,降低鍍層的孔隙率;并且雙層復合鍍層中內(nèi)層與外層之間能夠形成原電池,從而能夠更好的保護基體。
[Abstract]:The samples of double layer Ni-P,Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P composite coating and Ni-P-SiO_2 composite coating were prepared by electroless plating, and the Ni-P, was investigated. The effect of complexing agent and buffer agent on the coating in the formulation of Ni-Zn-P basic plating bath; The effect of plating process on the surface morphology, cross-section morphology and composition of composite coating was studied, and the corrosion resistance of single-layer coating and composite coating was also investigated. Through the experimental study, the following conclusions are obtained. When the double layer Ni-P (medium-high phosphorus) composite coating is prepared, when the inner layer is coated with phosphorus Ni-P coating for 10 min and the outer layer with high phosphorus Ni-P alloy coating with 60min coating, the thickness of the inner layer increases with the increase of the plating time in the inner layer, and the thickness of the coating increases with the increase of the plating time in the inner layer. The thickness ratio of the inner to outer layer decreases, and the total thickness of the coating decreases. When the plating time is 30 min in the inner layer and 60min in the outer layer, the double layer Ni-P composite coating can not be obtained. During the preparation of double-layer Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P composite coating, the double-layer Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P composite coating could not be obtained when the inner Ni-P coating was applied for 5 min and the outer Ni-Zn-P alloy coating was coated with 60min. A double layer Ni-P composite coating with a total thickness of 7.5 渭 m was obtained when the coating was coated with 60min for 20 min and Ni-Zn-P alloy coating for 20 min, in which the thickness of the coating was about 2.3 渭 m and the P content of the coating was about 9%. The content of Ni was about 86%; The thickness of the coating is about 5.2 渭 m, the content of Zn is about 5%, the content of P is about 11%, the content of Ni is about 84%, the thickness ratio of inner and outer layer is about 1 m2. In the preparation of Ni-P- nano-SiO_2 composite coating, with the increase of nano-SiO_2 content, the cellular structure size of Ni-P-SiO_2 composite coating decreases gradually, and the arrangement is more compact, and the coating is more flat and compact. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the coating can be improved. The hardness increased with the addition of nano-SiO_2. The corrosion rate of the composite coating in NaCl,H_2SO_4 solution is obviously lower than that of the alloy coating, and the corrosion resistance of the matrix material can be improved better than that of the alloy coating. Because the composite coating can obviously improve the density of the coating and reduce the porosity of the coating, the original battery can be formed between the inner layer and the outer layer of the double-layer composite coating, so that the matrix can be better protected.
【學位授予單位】：華北理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG174.4

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