【摘要】：電磁鉚接技術(shù)是近些年來新興的鉚接技術(shù),這種技術(shù)是通過儲存在電容里的電能產(chǎn)生電流放電,放電的電流通過線圈,在線圈周圍會產(chǎn)生變化的磁場,而驅(qū)動片處于變化的磁場中則會產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)電動勢,最后驅(qū)動片與線圈之間產(chǎn)生渦流斥力這樣的原理來工作。電磁鉚接的過程是瞬時沖擊載荷打擊鉚釘,鉚釘在遵照材料的動力學(xué)的特性發(fā)生了塑性變形,電磁鉚槍則是這種工藝在實際生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用設(shè)備。電磁鉚接技術(shù)在國外已經(jīng)被廣泛的應(yīng)用了,尤其是航空航天領(lǐng)域。國內(nèi)電磁鉚接技術(shù)由于發(fā)展較晚,仍處在探索階段,因此設(shè)備仍存在鉚接力不足,后坐力較大,鉚槍笨重不方便等問題。本文首先介紹了電磁鉚接技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及電磁鉚接設(shè)備在工作時的工作原理,分析了國內(nèi)現(xiàn)階段一些電磁鉚槍存在的問題,并對已有的電磁鉚槍進(jìn)行分析總結(jié),深入探究其特點及優(yōu)勢。將放電回路等效為雙回路放電模型,通過理論分析計算出放電電流;通過提取磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度而進(jìn)行磁壓力計算;分析應(yīng)力波的傳播方式;分析質(zhì)量塊彈簧阻尼系統(tǒng)的基本原理,從而設(shè)計后坐力減震系統(tǒng)。利用松散耦合的方法對鉚槍工作的整個過程進(jìn)行模擬,利用ANSYS數(shù)值模擬軟件建立電磁場模型,通過建立電流密度進(jìn)行加載分析。并將電磁場模型結(jié)果做為邊界條件,在LS-DYNA模塊中,建立鉚釘變形分析模型及后坐力分析模型。對電磁力在驅(qū)動片上的分布及鉚釘?shù)淖冃我?guī)律進(jìn)行分析。通過調(diào)整電壓,電容,驅(qū)動片厚度等參數(shù)來實現(xiàn)電磁鉚接的最優(yōu)參數(shù)。為電磁鉚槍的設(shè)計提供依據(jù)。使用solidwork軟件對電磁鉚槍進(jìn)行三維造型,根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬和理論計算的結(jié)果設(shè)計并加工制造了輕量化電磁鉚槍,經(jīng)過試驗調(diào)整鉚槍的各個參數(shù),使鉚槍的重量和鉚接力達(dá)到最優(yōu)參數(shù)。組裝后鉚槍整體的質(zhì)量為2.8 kg,操作人員可以手持加工;可成形Φ6mm高強(qiáng)度的鋁合金鉚釘;使用了壓電石英力傳感器對電磁鉚槍的后坐力進(jìn)行了測試,在能夠打擊Φ6mm高強(qiáng)度的鋁合金鉚釘?shù)那闆r下,測量得鉚槍的最大的平均沖量為3N·S,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于國家對于操作人員后坐力的要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的9.8 N·S,因此對操作人員的安全和健康不會產(chǎn)生任何影響。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic riveting technology is a new riveting technology in recent years, which produces current discharge through electric energy stored in capacitors, discharge current through coils, and magnetic field around the ring. The driving plate in the changing magnetic field will produce inductive electromotive force, and finally drive the coil between the eddy current repulsion force to work. The process of electromagnetic riveting is to strike rivets with instantaneous impact load, and the rivets have plastic deformation in accordance with the dynamic characteristics of materials. Electromagnetic riveting gun is the application equipment of this process in actual production. Electromagnetic riveting technology has been widely used abroad, especially in the field of aerospace. Due to the late development of electromagnetic riveting technology in China, it is still in the exploration stage, so the equipment still has problems such as insufficient riveting force, large recoil force, heavy riveting gun and inconvenient riveting gun. This paper first introduces the development of electromagnetic riveting technology at home and abroad and the working principle of electromagnetic riveting equipment, analyzes the problems existing in some electromagnetic riveting guns at present in China, and analyzes and summarizes the existing electromagnetic riveting guns. Explore its characteristics and advantages in depth. The discharge circuit is equivalent to a double circuit discharge model, and the discharge current is calculated by theoretical analysis, the magnetic pressure is calculated by extracting the magnetic induction intensity, and the propagation mode of the stress wave is analyzed. The basic principle of mass block spring damping system is analyzed and the recoil damping system is designed. The whole process of riveting gun is simulated by loosely coupled method. The electromagnetic field model is established by using ANSYS numerical simulation software, and the load analysis is carried out by establishing current density. Taking the result of electromagnetic field model as boundary condition, the analysis model of rivet deformation and the model of recoil force are established in LS-DYNA module. The distribution of electromagnetic force on the driving plate and the deformation law of rivets are analyzed. The optimal parameters of electromagnetic riveting are realized by adjusting the parameters of voltage, capacitance and drive plate thickness. It provides the basis for the design of electromagnetic riveting gun. A lightweight electromagnetic riveting gun was designed and manufactured according to the results of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation by using solidwork software. The parameters of the riveting gun were adjusted by experiments. The weight and riveting force of riveting gun are optimized. The quality of the whole riveting gun after assembly is 2.8 kg,. The rivets of aluminum alloy with 桅 6mm high strength can be formed. The recoil force of electromagnetic riveting gun was measured by using piezoelectric quartz force sensor. The maximum average impulse of riveting gun was 3N S when 桅 6mm high strength aluminum alloy rivets could be hit. It is far below the national standard of 9.8 N Ss for operator recoil, so it will not have any effect on the safety and health of operator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG938
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本文編號：2422051