發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-27 19:20

【摘要】：針對(duì)電火花成型加工提高效率、精度和環(huán)境友好性的問題,論文聚焦高效驅(qū)動(dòng)、精密成型、綠色加工三個(gè)技術(shù)方向,通過直線驅(qū)動(dòng)的配重?cái)_動(dòng)抑制、電極損耗的預(yù)變形精密補(bǔ)償、水幕機(jī)罩的綠色凈化和集成平臺(tái)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及應(yīng)用的研究,提高成型機(jī)的綜合加工性能,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)控電火花的高效精密綠色成型。在分析課題背景和研究意義后,論文提煉了當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外對(duì)幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀和不足,并提出本文所研究的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)點(diǎn)。研究了面向高效驅(qū)動(dòng)的配重?cái)_動(dòng)補(bǔ)償技術(shù)。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)方式的不足,設(shè)計(jì)了主軸的直線驅(qū)動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。面對(duì)配重系統(tǒng)在高速驅(qū)動(dòng)中引起的擾動(dòng)問題,提出了實(shí)時(shí)精密補(bǔ)償技術(shù)。分析了配重平衡力波動(dòng)和配重摩擦力波動(dòng)這兩個(gè)引起主軸振動(dòng)的主要因素,利用等熵一元絕熱氣流模型和改進(jìn)的Stribeck模型,分別建立平衡力波動(dòng)和摩擦力波動(dòng)模型,并通過擾動(dòng)量的等效動(dòng)態(tài)補(bǔ)償,結(jié)合雙PID解耦和模糊PID控制,有效抑制了主軸的振動(dòng),提高了主軸的位置控制精度和反饋速度。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比結(jié)果表明,采用配重?cái)_動(dòng)補(bǔ)償控制技術(shù)的直線電機(jī)立式驅(qū)動(dòng),速度跟蹤響應(yīng)快,不僅極大抑制了主軸在高低速和變向驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí)呈現(xiàn)的爬行和抖振現(xiàn)象,而且超調(diào)也得到了明顯的改善,減少了主軸的位置誤差,實(shí)現(xiàn)主軸的高效驅(qū)動(dòng)。研究了面向精密成型的電極損耗預(yù)變形補(bǔ)償技術(shù)。針對(duì)電火花加工中,電極的損耗帶來加工精度下降的不足,提出了基于預(yù)變形的電極補(bǔ)償技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)電極完成全程精密成型,避免了電極更換,提高了加工精度和加工效率。按不同工況,研究了不同的預(yù)變形技術(shù):在微細(xì)損耗工況下,提出了曲率偏置補(bǔ)償技術(shù);在大損耗量工況下,提出了基于放電間隙的分層補(bǔ)償技術(shù)。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)提出的補(bǔ)償技術(shù)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明成型零件的幾何平均誤差達(dá)到了電火花精密成型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。研究了面向綠色加工的水幕式氣霧凈化技術(shù).分析了放電加工中電離氣霧產(chǎn)生和擴(kuò)散的機(jī)理,從減少對(duì)主軸系統(tǒng)的精度影響和提高環(huán)境友好性出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)了水幕式凈化機(jī)罩。構(gòu)建了基于附壁理論的水幕形成模型,利用初級(jí)破碎理論建立水幕連續(xù)性方程模型,系統(tǒng)分析了射流從出口到水幕形成的全過程。以射流速度、入射角、附壁長度和附壁傾角作為四個(gè)典型因素,分析對(duì)附壁形成難易程度、水幕長度和水幕質(zhì)量的影響。設(shè)計(jì)了固結(jié)與主軸的凈化機(jī)罩和循環(huán)凈化技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)電火花的綠色成型加工。關(guān)鍵技術(shù)集成應(yīng)用平臺(tái)研發(fā)。以關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的集成應(yīng)用研發(fā)為主線,把高效驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù),精密成型技術(shù)和綠色凈化技術(shù)集成到樣機(jī)上,并進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證電火花成型加工的綜合性能。最后,論文總結(jié)了研究內(nèi)容、本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn),分析了電火花成型加工未來的發(fā)展,給出了今后的進(jìn)一步研究方向。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problems of improving efficiency, precision and environmental friendliness in EDM, the paper focuses on three technical directions of high efficiency driving, precision forming and green machining, which is restrained by the counterweight disturbance of linear drive. The research on the key technologies and applications such as the precision compensation of electrode loss, the green purification of the water screen hood and the integrated platform can improve the comprehensive processing performance of the molding machine and realize the high efficiency and precision green forming of the NC EDM. After analyzing the background and significance of the research, the paper abstracts the current research status and deficiency of several key technologies at home and abroad, and puts forward the key technical points of this paper. The counterweight disturbance compensation technology for high efficiency drive is studied. Aiming at the shortage of traditional drive mode, the linear drive structure of spindle is designed. In the face of disturbance caused by high speed drive of counterweight system, a real-time precision compensation technique is proposed. In this paper, two main factors that cause the vibration of spindle are analyzed, which are the fluctuation of balance force and friction force of counterweight. The equilibrium force fluctuation and friction fluctuation model are established by using the isentropic univariate adiabatic airflow model and the improved Stribeck model, respectively. Through the equivalent dynamic compensation of the disturbance quantity, combined with double PID decoupling and fuzzy PID control, the vibration of the spindle is effectively suppressed, and the position control accuracy and feedback speed of the spindle are improved. The results of simulation and experiment show that the vertical drive of linear motor with counterweight disturbance compensation technology has fast velocity tracking response, which not only greatly restrains the crawling and buffeting phenomenon of spindle in high and low speed and variable direction drive. The overshoot is improved obviously, the position error of the spindle is reduced, and the high efficiency drive of the spindle is realized. The predeformation compensation technology of electrode loss for precision molding was studied. In order to reduce the machining precision due to the loss of electrode in EDM, an electrode compensation technology based on pre-deformation is put forward, which realizes the complete precision molding of one electrode and avoids the replacement of electrode. The machining precision and efficiency are improved. According to different working conditions, different pre-deformation technologies are studied: in the case of micro-loss, the curvature offset compensation technology is proposed, and the layered compensation technology based on discharge gap is proposed under the condition of large loss. The simulation and experimental results show that the geometric average error of the formed parts is up to the standard of EDM precision molding. The water curtain air mist purification technology for green processing was studied. The mechanism of ionization mist generation and diffusion in discharge machining is analyzed. In order to reduce the influence on the precision of the spindle system and improve the environmental friendliness, the water curtain cleaning machine hood is designed. The water curtain formation model based on the theory of wall attachment is constructed, and the continuity equation model of water curtain is established by using the primary breaking theory. The whole process of jet formation from outlet to water curtain formation is systematically analyzed. Four typical factors, such as jet velocity, incident angle, wall attachment length and wall inclination angle, are used to analyze the influence of jet velocity, incident angle, water curtain length and water curtain quality on the difficulty of wall attachment. The cleaning machine cover and circulating purification technology of consolidation and spindle are designed to realize green forming of EDM. Research and development of key technology integration application platform. Based on the research and development of integrated application of key technology, the high efficiency driving technology, precision forming technology and green purification technology are integrated into the prototype, and the design and development are carried out, and the comprehensive performance of EDM is verified by experiments. Finally, the paper summarizes the research content, the main innovation of this paper, analyzes the future development of EDM, and gives the future research direction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG661

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 胡建華;汪煒;徐啟華;;電火花成型加工蝕除位移控制方法的研究[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2006年10期

2 何建中;;電火花成型加工技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展[J];中國西部科技(學(xué)術(shù));2007年05期

3 崔競鳴;董理強(qiáng);蔣亨順;;內(nèi)斜花鍵孔的電火花成型加工工藝[J];電加工;1983年01期

4 呂學(xué)斌;衛(wèi)居陽;;電火花成型加工的新應(yīng)用[J];電加工;1987年01期

5 全燕鳴;含添加劑的電火花成型加工工作液[J];電加工;1994年02期

6 何英;新型電火花成型加工工作液[J];電子工藝技術(shù);1995年06期

7 胡建華;汪煒;徐啟華;;電火花成型加工間隙電壓在線檢測與處理的新方法[J];機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與制造;2006年10期

8 伍端陽;;模具企業(yè)電火花成型加工誤區(qū)的分析[J];模具制造;2007年09期

9 黃健;;電火花成型加工中排渣技術(shù)的應(yīng)用[J];大眾科技;2012年06期

10 ;電火花成型加工操作維修工人技術(shù)等級(jí)(二～八級(jí))[J];電加工;1982年02期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前9條

1 于大為;;電火花成型加工進(jìn)取與展望—為第六屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)而作[A];第六屆全國電加工學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1989年

2 遲恩田;;電火花成型加工現(xiàn)狀與建議[A];第七屆全國電加工學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1993年

3 ;學(xué)會(huì)工作20年回顧(1980年——2000年)[A];陜西省機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì)電加工分會(huì)第七屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2000年

4 遲恩田;任中根;張安洲;;電火花成型加工機(jī)床現(xiàn)狀[A];陜西省機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì)電加工分會(huì)第七屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2000年

5 遲恩田;任中根;張安洲;;電火花成型加工機(jī)床現(xiàn)狀[A];中國電子學(xué)會(huì)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)分會(huì)電加工專業(yè)委員會(huì)第六屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2000年

6 遲恩田;任中根;;電加工現(xiàn)狀與我國人世思考[A];機(jī)械 材料 特種加工技術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集[C];2002年

7 遲恩田;;電火花成型加工技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀[A];陜西省電加工學(xué)會(huì)第六屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1996年

8 楊永茂;;電火花成型加工中石墨電極的應(yīng)用[A];第六屆全國電加工學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1989年

9 劉石安;張祖堯;;電火花成型加工防電弧自調(diào)整系統(tǒng)研究[A];第六屆全國電加工學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1989年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳健;高效精密綠色數(shù)控電火花成型關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究及應(yīng)用[D];浙江大學(xué);2016年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 屈學(xué)琴;電火花成型加工綠色低功耗脈沖電源的研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

2 吳光河;基于模糊自適應(yīng)PID的電火花成型加工伺服控制系統(tǒng)的研究[D];上海海洋大學(xué);2012年

3 陳扣杰;電火花成型加工電極輔助設(shè)計(jì)與加工仿真系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)[D];浙江大學(xué);2010年

4 紀(jì)永宏;多曲率油路高效電火花成型加工基礎(chǔ)工藝研究[D];北京理工大學(xué);2008年

5 張慶森;電火花成型加工多路信息檢測技術(shù)研究[D];山東理工大學(xué);2011年

6 王剛;三軸電火花成型加工機(jī)床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

7 王光建;螺旋進(jìn)給法電火花成型加工內(nèi)螺旋齒輪技術(shù)研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2002年

8 南非;基于Visual C++的電火花成型加工伺服控制系統(tǒng)的研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號(hào)：2416606