【摘要】：中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)是檢測(cè)中厚板形貌的儀器,檢測(cè)結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性與檢測(cè)裝置密切相關(guān)。近年來(lái),非接觸式檢測(cè)技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展,以檢測(cè)精度高、數(shù)據(jù)處理快、具有實(shí)時(shí)性等特點(diǎn)廣泛引用于中厚板檢測(cè)中。隨著我國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí),對(duì)中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)精度要求也隨之提高。一方面我國(guó)在自動(dòng)測(cè)量方面技術(shù)相對(duì)落后,中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)直接從國(guó)外購(gòu)買(mǎi)。另一面溫度效應(yīng)對(duì)檢測(cè)精度影響不可忽視,工業(yè)檢測(cè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)常用恒溫箱控制檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)溫度,從而消除溫度效應(yīng),但隨著而來(lái)的是設(shè)備和維護(hù)成本增加。為了降低中厚板的檢測(cè)成本和提高中厚板的檢測(cè)精度,因此需要加大對(duì)中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的研究。本文將以中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象。文中建立環(huán)境溫度變化導(dǎo)致檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)溫度變化和拍攝圖像像素點(diǎn)漂移模型并進(jìn)行仿真分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)探究環(huán)境溫度變化對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)溫度分別影響以及圖像像素點(diǎn)漂移影響的規(guī)律,最后進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)溫度標(biāo)定和補(bǔ)償驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)。重點(diǎn)圍繞相機(jī)成像模型、相機(jī)參數(shù)標(biāo)定;基于熱分析理論仿真系統(tǒng)溫度變化;基于成像模型推導(dǎo)出圖像像素點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)漂移模型并進(jìn)行仿真;最后論文進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證并依據(jù)理論分析建立溫度補(bǔ)償模型和溫度補(bǔ)償驗(yàn)證。論文總體內(nèi)容如下:(1)闡述當(dāng)前中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,分析研究了檢測(cè)技術(shù)今后的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),并根據(jù)現(xiàn)階段中厚板檢測(cè)現(xiàn)狀和問(wèn)題分析了溫度效應(yīng)對(duì)檢測(cè)結(jié)果的影響與溫度補(bǔ)償研究的意義。(2)中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的原理闡述和和實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的搭建。介紹了檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)成像模型和標(biāo)定原理并標(biāo)定了相機(jī)參數(shù),推出檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的圖像坐標(biāo)系和物體坐標(biāo)系相互轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系式。(3)基于熱分析理論和有限元理論,分析了中厚板檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的溫度分布情況,仿真出系統(tǒng)溫度云圖,從而為檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和檢測(cè)溫度點(diǎn)選取提供參考。(4)推導(dǎo)溫度變化導(dǎo)致相機(jī)參數(shù)變化與相機(jī)圖像像素點(diǎn)漂移模型關(guān)系式,基于此模型進(jìn)行了像素漂移仿真分析并簡(jiǎn)化模型參數(shù),找到像素漂移與相機(jī)參數(shù)之間簡(jiǎn)化關(guān)系。(5)實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹并分析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論分析的有效性。通過(guò)事先標(biāo)定測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的溫度變化與相機(jī)參數(shù)變化之間模型曲線(xiàn),然后利用標(biāo)定曲線(xiàn)對(duì)相應(yīng)溫度下測(cè)量的結(jié)果進(jìn)行修正。驗(yàn)證分析中可將系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)精度提高1.4mm。
[Abstract]:The detection system of medium and thick plate is an instrument for detecting the appearance of medium and thick plate, and the accuracy of the test result is closely related to the measuring device. In recent years, non-contact detection technology has been developed rapidly, which is widely used in plate detection with the characteristics of high detection accuracy, fast data processing, real-time and so on. With the upgrading of industry in our country, the precision requirement of plate detection system is improved. On the one hand, China's automatic measurement technology is relatively backward, plate detection system purchased directly from abroad. On the other hand, the influence of temperature effect on the detection precision can not be ignored. The constant temperature box is commonly used in the industrial testing field to control the temperature of the detection system, thus eliminating the temperature effect, but with the increase of equipment and maintenance cost. In order to reduce the detection cost and improve the accuracy of plate detection, it is necessary to increase the research on the detection system of medium and thick plate. This paper will take the plate inspection system as the research object. In this paper, the model of temperature change of detection system and pixel drift model of shooting image is established and simulated. The influence of temperature change on the temperature of detection system and the effect of pixel drift on image are studied experimentally. Finally, the system temperature calibration and compensation verification experiments are carried out. Focus on camera imaging model, camera parameter calibration; based on thermal analysis theory simulation system temperature change; based on imaging model derived image pixel coordinate drift model and simulation; At last, the temperature compensation model and the temperature compensation verification are established according to the theoretical analysis. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the current development of plate detection system is described, and the development trend of detection technology in the future is analyzed and studied. According to the current situation and problems of plate detection, the influence of temperature effect on the test results and the significance of temperature compensation research are analyzed. (2) the principle of the detection system of medium and thick plate and the construction of experimental platform are expounded. The imaging model and calibration principle of the detection system are introduced, and the camera parameters are calibrated. The relationship between the image coordinate system and the object coordinate system is derived. (3) based on the thermal analysis theory and the finite element theory, The temperature distribution of the plate detection system is analyzed, and the temperature cloud diagram of the system is simulated. It provides a reference for the structural design of the detection system and the selection of the detection temperature. (4) deduces the relationship between the camera parameters change and the pixel drift model of the camera image, which is caused by the temperature change. Based on this model, the pixel drift simulation analysis is carried out and the model parameters are simplified, and the simplified relationship between pixel drift and camera parameters is found. (5) the experimental results are introduced and analyzed, and the experimental results verify the validity of the theoretical analysis. The model curve between the temperature change of the measuring system and the parameter change of the camera is calibrated in advance, and then the measured results at the corresponding temperature are corrected by the calibration curve. The accuracy of system detection can be improved by 1.4 mm. in verification and analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP274;TG335.5

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