【摘要】：鍍鋅層的厚度和均勻度很大程度上影響鍍鋅板使用性能,是鍍鋅板質(zhì)量評估的重要指標(biāo)。生產(chǎn)過程中,帶鋼經(jīng)過鋅鍋中的三個(gè)輥?zhàn)訒r(shí)會發(fā)生翹曲變形(主要是“C翹”),使得帶鋼在氣刀處的鍍鋅層無法保持期望的厚度和均勻度,影響鍍鋅板的質(zhì)量。針對該問題,本文分別以風(fēng)箱帶鋼系統(tǒng)和輥?zhàn)訋т撓到y(tǒng)為研究對象,利用有限元仿真技術(shù),針對某一規(guī)格的帶鋼,對氣刀處的板形進(jìn)行了深入的研究,系統(tǒng)討論了校正輥對帶鋼板形的校正過程和機(jī)理,為實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中控制板形、提高鍍鋅層質(zhì)量提供一定的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。具體工作如下:(1)風(fēng)冷段不均勻冷卻對氣刀處板形的影響大小評估。評估分兩步來完成。1)采用帶鋼不動(dòng)、風(fēng)箱(冷源)向下移動(dòng)的求解策略,對一段長12m的帶鋼的冷卻過程進(jìn)行熱機(jī)耦合分析。結(jié)果表明,非均勻冷卻后,橫截面發(fā)生了些微“C翹”。同一橫截面上中點(diǎn)位移與各自兩端點(diǎn)位移差值可達(dá)到0.2×10-2mm。2)再忽略風(fēng)箱對帶鋼的冷卻作用,以整個(gè)出鋅鍋上行段帶鋼為對象,在風(fēng)箱入口截面(距離帶鋼頂端19m)的中部施加一個(gè)矩形分布載荷,人為地使其產(chǎn)生3mm的“C翹”。有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,氣刀處的位移差幾乎為零。故冷卻段的非均勻冷卻對氣刀處的板形影響可以忽略不計(jì)。(2)以鋅鍋內(nèi)的輥?zhàn)訋т撓到y(tǒng)為研究對象,利用有限元軟件MSC.Marc進(jìn)行彈塑性接觸建模并仿真計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明,1)確實(shí)板形平整的來料,經(jīng)過沉沒輥之后發(fā)生較大“C翹”。2)校正輥對經(jīng)過沉沒輥后翹曲的板形確有校正作用,而且對各橫截面的校正作用基本一致。3)帶鋼經(jīng)過沉沒輥后之所以發(fā)生“C翹”,校正輥之所以對帶鋼板形有“校正作用”,蓋源于“拉矯作用”破壞或改善了應(yīng)力沿帶鋼寬度方向的分布規(guī)律:或使其不均勻程度增加,導(dǎo)致“C翹”程度增大,或使應(yīng)力變小,并趨于均布,導(dǎo)致帶鋼平整。4)上推量不宜太大。對一定規(guī)格的帶鋼和鋼種,上推量存在一個(gè)最優(yōu)值。(3)針對不同鋼種,利用所建立的彈塑性接觸模型,評估校正輥上推量、帶鋼張力、帶速和帶鋼與輥面間的摩擦系數(shù)等主要參數(shù)對氣刀處帶鋼板形的影響。為了減少計(jì)算量,利用正交試驗(yàn)法來篩選參數(shù)組合,建立四因素三水平的正交試驗(yàn)表,求得各個(gè)因素的影響大小順序以及表中所設(shè)參數(shù)的水平值的最佳參數(shù)組合。在此基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)行調(diào)試優(yōu)化,得到使帶鋼在氣刀處保持平整的最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。在各鋼種的最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下,氣刀處帶鋼邊緣與寬度中點(diǎn)沿厚度方向的位移差不超過0.22?10-3mm,遠(yuǎn)小于工藝要求的鋅層厚度。
[Abstract]:The thickness and evenness of galvanized coating greatly affect the performance of galvanized sheet, which is an important index to evaluate the quality of galvanized sheet. During the production process, the strip will warp when it passes through three rollers in the zinc pot (mainly "C warping"), which makes the galvanizing layer at the air knife place unable to maintain the desired thickness and uniformity, which affects the quality of the galvanized sheet. In order to solve this problem, this paper takes the bellows strip system and the roller strip system as the research objects, and makes use of the finite element simulation technology to study the flatness of a certain size strip. The correction process and mechanism of correction roll for strip shape are discussed systematically, which provides certain theoretical basis and technical guidance for controlling the shape of plate and improving the quality of galvanized layer in actual production. The main works are as follows: (1) the influence of uneven cooling in air cooling section on the shape of the blade is evaluated. The evaluation is carried out in two steps. 1) the cooling process of a 12m long strip is analyzed by thermo-mechanical coupling using the solution strategy of strip immobility and bellows (cold source) downward movement. The results show that a little "C warp" occurs in the cross section after non-uniform cooling. The difference between the midpoint displacement of the same cross section and that of the two ends can reach 0.2 脳 10-2mm.2) and then the cooling effect of the bellows on the strip is ignored, and the whole upstream section of the zinc pot is taken as the object. At the middle of the inlet section of the bellows (19 m from the top of the strip), a rectangular distributed load is applied to make the 3mm "C warp". The finite element calculation results show that the displacement difference is almost zero. Therefore, the effect of non-uniform cooling on the shape of the gas cutter can be neglected. (2) taking the roller strip system in the zinc pot as the research object, the elastic-plastic contact modeling and simulation are carried out by using the finite element software MSC.Marc. The results show that: 1) the shape of the submersible roll is flat and the "C warping" occurs after the sunken roll. 2) the correction roll has the function of correcting the shape of the submersible roll. Moreover, the correction effect on each cross section is basically the same. 3) the "C warp" occurs after the strip passes through the sunken roll, and the correction roll has the "correction effect" on the strip shape. The cover is derived from "tension and correction", which destroys or improves the distribution of stress along the width of the strip: or increases its inhomogeneity, resulting in an increase in the degree of "C warp", or makes the stress smaller and tends to homogenize, Lead to strip leveling. 4) push up should not be too large. There is an optimal value for the upward push of strip and steel grades of certain specifications. (3) for different types of steel, the elastoplastic contact model is used to evaluate the upward push of correction roll and the tension of steel strip. The influence of main parameters such as strip velocity and friction coefficient between strip steel and roll surface on strip shape at air cutter. In order to reduce the amount of calculation, the orthogonal test method is used to select the parameter combination, and the orthogonal test table with four factors and three levels is established, and the order of influence of each factor and the optimal combination of the horizontal values of the parameters in the table are obtained. On the basis of this, the optimum parameter combination of strip steel is obtained to keep the strip flat at the air cutter. Under the combination of the optimum parameters of each steel, the displacement difference between the edge and the middle point of the strip at the air knife along the thickness direction is not more than 0.22 脳 10 ~ (-3) mm, which is far less than the thickness of the zinc layer required by the process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG173

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