【摘要】：絕對位置測量傳感器是數(shù)控機(jī)床系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)反饋控制元件,是高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床最關(guān)鍵的部件,在高精度測量領(lǐng)域有著不可替代的作用。絕對式光柵位置傳感器具有精度高、分辨率高、響應(yīng)速度快、測量范圍大和可實(shí)現(xiàn)動態(tài)測量等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是我國工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化重點(diǎn)發(fā)展技術(shù)。絕對位置測量裝置屬于光電測量范疇,對光學(xué)系統(tǒng)要求較高,測量常用條紋讀取方式,將光束通過透鏡調(diào)制成平行光,再將條紋投影在光電探測器表面,光的平行度直接影響成像質(zhì)量,對光的平行度要求較高,通常需要設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜的透鏡曲面。本課題基于新型偽隨機(jī)碼單碼道絕對式光柵尺的編碼原理,實(shí)現(xiàn)直線位置與信息編碼唯一對應(yīng);為提高抗污染能力與測量精度,依據(jù)編碼尺要求設(shè)計(jì)光源照明系統(tǒng),確定線陣CCD接收元件的型號,使用ZEMAX軟件設(shè)計(jì)滿足課題要求的成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì)封裝外殼機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu);設(shè)計(jì)信號采集系統(tǒng)硬件電路,并搭建測試系統(tǒng)。主要研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)分析絕對式編碼常用方式優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),總結(jié)絕對式光柵傳感器發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。(2)選定線陣CCD型號,確定光源型號參數(shù),使用TracePro軟件設(shè)計(jì)聚焦透鏡結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)進(jìn)行光路結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)計(jì)算,使用ZEMAX軟件設(shè)計(jì)光學(xué)成像放大透鏡,仿真優(yōu)化使其達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。(4)為實(shí)現(xiàn)傳感器集成化與小型化,設(shè)計(jì)封裝外殼機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)。(5)對輸出信號設(shè)計(jì)信號采集系統(tǒng)硬件電路,搭建測試系統(tǒng),基本實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定準(zhǔn)確讀取光柵編碼信息。
[Abstract]:Absolute position measurement sensor is the closed-loop feedback control element of CNC machine tool system and the most important component of high-grade NC machine tool. It plays an irreplaceable role in the field of high-precision measurement. The absolute grating position sensor has the advantages of high precision, high resolution, fast response speed, large measurement range and the ability to realize dynamic measurement. It is the key technology of industrial modernization in China. The absolute position measuring device belongs to the category of photoelectric measurement, and it requires higher optical system. The measuring method is usually used to read the fringes. The beam is modulated into parallel light through the lens, and then the fringe is projected on the surface of the photodetector. The parallelism of light directly affects the imaging quality and requires a high degree of parallelism, which usually requires the design of complex lens surfaces. Based on the coding principle of the new pseudorandom code single channel absolute grating ruler, the linear position and the information coding are uniquely corresponding. In order to improve the anti-pollution ability and measurement precision, the illumination system of light source is designed according to the requirements of encoding ruler, the model of linear CCD receiving element is determined, the imaging optical system that meets the requirements of the subject is designed by using ZEMAX software, and the mechanical structure of packaging shell is designed. The hardware circuit of signal acquisition system is designed, and the test system is built. The main research contents are as follows: (1) analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the common methods of absolute coding, summarizing the development of absolute grating sensors. (2) selecting the linear CCD model and determining the parameters of the light source. The structure of focusing lens is designed with TracePro software. (3) the parameters of optical path structure are calculated, and the optical imaging magnifying lens is designed by ZEMAX software. (4) in order to realize the integration and miniaturization of sensor, the design requirements are optimized by simulation. The mechanical structure of package shell is designed. (5) the hardware circuit of the signal acquisition system is designed and the testing system is set up to realize the stable and accurate reading of the grating coding information.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH741;TG659

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊帆;;絕對式光柵尺的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[J];機(jī)電產(chǎn)品開發(fā)與創(chuàng)新;2015年05期

2 孫強(qiáng);;高精度絕對式光柵尺研究進(jìn)展及技術(shù)難點(diǎn)[J];世界制造技術(shù)與裝備市場;2012年05期

3 楊春振;白立新;;基于新型光柵傳感器的微位移測量[J];傳感器與微系統(tǒng);2012年07期

4 盧國綱;;絕對式光柵尺和編碼器是當(dāng)代位移傳感器發(fā)展主流——CIMT2011精密位移傳感器評述[J];世界制造技術(shù)與裝備市場;2011年04期

5 邱成;王陽;朱衡君;;基于卡諾圖的均布式絕對位置編碼[J];儀器儀表學(xué)報(bào);2007年06期

6 王陽;邱成;朱衡君;;基于m序列索引式絕對位置編碼[J];電子測量與儀器學(xué)報(bào);2007年02期

7 周宦銀;朱玲贊;;循環(huán)碼編碼方法研究[J];現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù);2006年19期

8 楊俊志;單碼道絕對式角度編碼器的編碼及解碼原理[J];儀器儀表學(xué)報(bào);2004年S1期

9 呂輝,何晶,王剛;偽隨機(jī)序列中本原多項(xiàng)式生成算法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)工程;2004年16期

10 郁有文,常健;絕對碼編碼器中一種新型的編碼方法[J];儀器儀表學(xué)報(bào);2004年04期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 姜楠;遙遠(yuǎn);;絕對式光柵尺研制獲重大突破[N];吉林日報(bào);2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 喬棟;高精度絕對式光柵尺測量技術(shù)研究[D];中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所);2015年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 李鵬;關(guān)節(jié)類坐標(biāo)測量機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 吳亮;雙碼道絕對位置編碼器及實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2015年

3 郭濤;一種新型光柵位移傳感器的研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2014年

4 董珊珊;光柵數(shù)據(jù)采集與誤差修正技術(shù)[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

5 王維東;高精度光柵信號處理方法研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

6 邱葭華;高速光柵電學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及細(xì)分技術(shù)的研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

7 丁紅昌;絕對式線位移光柵傳感器的研究[D];長春理工大學(xué);2009年

8 郭延平;三坐標(biāo)測量機(jī)光柵信號采集處理系統(tǒng)的接口研究[D];天津大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：2372186