【摘要】：由于不可避免的磨損,每年有大量設(shè)備因磨損失效而報(bào)廢,從而造成大量的資源消耗,為節(jié)約資源并提高壽命周期,需要對(duì)磨損部件進(jìn)行修復(fù)再生。目前我國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略需求就是重點(diǎn)發(fā)展修復(fù)再制造工程,實(shí)現(xiàn)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和節(jié)能減排。通常報(bào)廢部件的磨損失效表面的硬度、應(yīng)力等是不均勻的,以磨損失效且保留淬火層的機(jī)床導(dǎo)軌表面為例,由于刀架長(zhǎng)期沿導(dǎo)軌面非均勻運(yùn)行,同時(shí)殘余淬火層的組織和硬度沿厚度方向是梯度變化的,最終導(dǎo)致其磨損失效表面硬度非均勻。若想使其修復(fù)獲得耐磨性均一表面有兩種方式,一種是通過(guò)去除殘余淬火層來(lái)獲得均勻表面,但卻會(huì)使導(dǎo)軌尺寸達(dá)不到使用要求,且消耗大量的人力物力,所以不予考慮;另一種是在磨損失效硬度非均勻表面上進(jìn)行耐磨性均一修復(fù),這也是本文的研究目的所在。由于磨損非均勻狀況的復(fù)雜性,目前單一表面修復(fù)再生技術(shù)難以使非均勻表面本身的耐磨性修復(fù)均一。而本文利用仿生學(xué)思想,通過(guò)耐磨實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)不同硬度分區(qū)上不同仿生耦合模型有不同的耐磨性變化規(guī)律,經(jīng)分析若在不同硬度分區(qū)匹配不同的仿生耦合模型,則可使不同硬度分區(qū)獲得不同的耐磨性提高量,從而使磨損失效硬度非均勻表面的耐磨性修復(fù)均一,所以本文提出了一種分區(qū)夠建仿生耦合模型修復(fù)磨損失效硬度非均勻表面及其方法,突破了修復(fù)非均勻表面達(dá)到耐磨性均一的難題。分區(qū)構(gòu)建仿生耦合模型修復(fù)方法的步驟如下:1、根據(jù)硬度不同進(jìn)行區(qū)域劃分,分為低硬度區(qū)(A區(qū))、中硬度區(qū)(B區(qū))、高硬度區(qū)(C區(qū));2、在不同硬度分區(qū)匹配不同的仿生耦合模型:先確定耐磨目標(biāo)M,然后根據(jù)仿生修復(fù)耐磨性均一的匹配原則,計(jì)算A、B、C三區(qū)的理論磨損高度減少率分別為K1%、K2%、K3%;再根據(jù)不同硬度分區(qū)上不同仿生耦合模型對(duì)耐磨性的影響規(guī)律,分別在A區(qū)匹配磨損高度減少率為K1%的仿生耦合模型,B區(qū)匹配磨損高度減少率為K2%的仿生耦合模型,C區(qū)匹配磨損高度減少率為K3%的仿生耦合模型;3、對(duì)不同硬度分區(qū)的實(shí)際間距進(jìn)行微調(diào)。隨著耐磨目標(biāo)的不同,不同硬度分區(qū)匹配的仿生耦合模型也不同。通過(guò)舉例分析,當(dāng)耐磨目標(biāo)M為8年時(shí),分區(qū)構(gòu)建仿生耦合模型如下:低硬度區(qū)為網(wǎng)狀仿生耦合模型,間距為4.91mm~6.01mm;中硬度區(qū)為條狀仿生耦合模型,間距為3.83mm~4.53mm;高硬度區(qū)為點(diǎn)狀仿生耦合模型,間距為2.25mm~2.60mm。將不同硬度分區(qū)的仿生耦合模型拼接成5組仿生試樣,通過(guò)耐磨結(jié)果分析,不同硬度分區(qū)匹配的不同的仿生耦合模型的耐磨性一致,滿足修復(fù)耐磨性均一的目的;其耐磨性為0.051221μm,與理論耐磨性相差0.041%,差別較小,說(shuō)明了分區(qū)構(gòu)建仿生耦合模型修復(fù)方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Because of the inevitable wear and tear, a large number of equipments are scrapped because of wear failure every year, which results in a large amount of resource consumption. In order to save resources and improve the life cycle, it is necessary to repair and regenerate the worn parts. At present, China's strategic demand is to focus on the development of repair and remanufacturing engineering, circular economy and energy conservation and emission reduction. Generally, the hardness and stress of worn failure surface of scrap parts are not uniform. Taking the surface of machine tool guideway with wear failure and retained quenching layer as an example, the tool holder runs along the guide surface inhomogeneously for a long time. At the same time, the microstructure and hardness of the residual quenched layer are gradient along the thickness direction, which leads to the non-uniform hardness of the wear failure surface. There are two ways to get uniform surface of wear resistance for repair, one is to get uniform surface by removing residual quenching layer, but the size of guide rail can not reach the requirement of use, and a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed, so it is not considered; The other is to repair the wear resistance on the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness, which is the purpose of this paper. Due to the complexity of non-uniform wear, it is difficult to make the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface uniform by single surface repair and regeneration technology. In this paper, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are found to have different wear resistance changes by using bionic thought. If different hardness zones match different bionic coupling models, The wear resistance can be improved by different hardness zones, and the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness is uniform. In this paper, a bionic coupling model is proposed to repair the non-uniform surface with wear failure hardness, which breaks through the problem of uniform wear resistance. The steps of constructing bionic coupling model restoration method are as follows: 1. According to the different hardness regions, they are divided into low hardness region (A region), medium hardness region (B region) and high hardness region (C region); 2. Different bionic coupling models are matched in different hardness zones: first, the wear resistant target Mand is determined, and then according to the matching principle of uniform wear resistance of bionic restoration, the theoretical wear height reduction rate of the three zones of AZB C is calculated as K1 and K2, respectively. K3s; Then according to the influence of different bionic coupling models on wear resistance in different hardness zones, the bionic coupling models with wear height reduction rate of K1% and B region matching wear height reduction rate K2% respectively are matched in A region. The bionic coupling model with C region matching wear height reduction rate of K3%; 3. Fine tune the actual spacing of different hardness zones. With different wear-resistant targets, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are different. With an example, the bionic coupling model is constructed as follows: the low hardness zone is a network bionic coupling model with a spacing of 4.91 mm and 6.01 mm, while the medium hardness zone is a strip bionic coupling model with a spacing of 3.83 mm and 4.53 mm. The high hardness region is a point-like bionic coupling model with a distance of 2.25mm ~ 2.60mm. The bionic coupling models with different hardness zones were spliced into five groups of biomimetic samples. The wear resistance of different bionic coupling models with different hardness zones was consistent through the analysis of wear resistance results, which satisfied the purpose of uniform wear resistance. The wear resistance of the model is 0.051221 渭 m, which is 0.041 渭 m different from the theoretical wear resistance, which shows the effectiveness of the bionic coupling model restoration method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG665

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本文編號(hào)：2319013