【摘要】：近幾年來,離子液體(Ionic Liquid)作為一種新型潤滑材料引起了工業(yè)和學術等領域的廣泛關注。尤其是烷基咪唑類離子液體在多種潤滑材料中表現(xiàn)出較低的摩擦系數(shù),作為高性能的液體潤滑劑極有可能在高真空和高溫環(huán)境下的特殊機械潤滑中得到應用。而離子液體對基體材料的腐蝕是直接影響離子液體潤滑劑工業(yè)化應用的關鍵問題之一,目前關于該方面的研究非常少,腐蝕行為規(guī)律和機理尚不清楚,因此本論文開展咪唑類離子液體對軸承專用鋼—E52100鋼腐蝕行為和機理的研究,具有重要的研究意義和實際應用價值。本論文選取了四種咪唑類離子液體,即1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸鹽([bmim]PF6)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸鹽([bmim]BF4)、氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑鹽([bmim]Cl)和溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑鹽([bmim]Br)作為研究對象,通過電化學、掃描電子顯微鏡-能譜儀(SEM-EDS)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)和量子化學計算等多種方法對它們的腐蝕性能及分子結構與腐蝕性能之間的關系進行了研究。電化學實驗和表面分析研究結果表明:四種咪唑類離子液體對基體都有不同程度的腐蝕,氧氣的存在和溫度的升高會加速離子液體對E52100鋼的腐蝕。較低溫度范圍內(nèi),樣品鋼在[bmim]BF4離子液體中具有最大的腐蝕反應速率,在較高的溫度范圍內(nèi),對樣品鋼具有最大腐蝕速率的是[bmim]Br離子液體。E52100鋼在[bmim]PF6和[bmim]BF4離子液體中生成的腐蝕產(chǎn)物具有較強的吸附能力,在[bmim]Cl和[bmim]Br離子液體中基體表面會形成明顯的局部腐蝕,形成點蝕坑,坑內(nèi)的腐蝕產(chǎn)物容易剝落。量子化學計算方法結果表明:[bmim]PF6和[bmim]BF4兩種離子液體接受電子與鐵原子作用的趨勢大于提供電子與鐵原子作用的趨勢,化合物分子穩(wěn)定,化學反應活性較低,吸附能力較強;[bmim]Br和[bmim]Cl接受電子與鐵原子作用的趨勢與提供電子與鐵原子作用的趨勢相差不大,化合物分子相對活躍,化學反應能力強,吸附能力較弱,其中以[bmim]Br反應能力最強。
[Abstract]:In recent years, ionic liquid (Ionic Liquid), as a new lubricating material, has attracted wide attention in industry and academic fields. Especially, alkyl imidazole ionic liquids show low friction coefficient in many kinds of lubricating materials. As a kind of high performance liquid lubricant, alkyl imidazole ionic liquids are very likely to be used in special mechanical lubrication in high vacuum and high temperature environment. However, the corrosion of matrix materials by ionic liquids is one of the key problems that directly affect the industrial application of ionic liquid lubricants. At present, there are very few researches on this aspect, and the corrosion behavior and mechanism are not clear. Therefore, it is of great significance and practical value to study the corrosion behavior and mechanism of imidazole ionic liquid on bearing special steel E52100 steel in this paper. In this paper, four kinds of imidazole ionic liquids, [bmim] PF6, [bmim] BF4, were selected. 1 Ding Ji 3 methyl imidazole salt ([bmim] Cl) and 1 Ding Ji 3 methyl imidazole bromide ([bmim] Br) were studied by electrochemical, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Various methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and quantum chemical calculation were used to study their corrosion properties and the relationship between their molecular structures and their corrosion properties. The results of electrochemical experiments and surface analysis showed that the four imidazole ionic liquids corroded the matrix to varying degrees, and the presence of oxygen and the increase of temperature accelerated the corrosion of E52100 steel by ionic liquids. In the lower temperature range, the sample steel has the maximum corrosion reaction rate in [bmim] BF4 ionic liquid, and at a higher temperature range, The maximum corrosion rate of the sample steel is [bmim] Br ionic liquid. The corrosion products formed by E52100 steel in [bmim] PF6 and [bmim] BF4 ionic liquids have strong adsorption ability. In [bmim] Cl and [bmim] Br ionic liquids, obvious local corrosion is formed on the substrate surface, and pitting pits are formed. Corrosion products in the pits are easy to exfoliate. The results of quantum chemical calculation show that [bmim] PF6 and [bmim] BF4 ionic liquids are more likely to accept the interaction of electrons with iron atoms than to provide electrons for interaction with iron atoms, and the compounds are stable and have low chemical reaction activity. Strong adsorption capacity; The tendency of [bmim] Br and [bmim] Cl to accept the interaction of electron with iron atom is not different from that of providing electron and iron atom. The molecule of compound is relatively active, the ability of chemical reaction is strong, and the ability of adsorption is weak. Among them, [bmim] Br has the strongest reaction ability.
【學位授予單位】：華東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG178

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