【摘要】：隨著國家電網(wǎng)事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,編織防扭鋼絲繩因其高強(qiáng)度、高防扭特性在電纜張力架設(shè)工程中被大量且反復(fù)使用。由于施工環(huán)境較為惡劣,且編織鋼絲繩服役過程承載復(fù)雜,鋼絲繩的疲勞、斷絲等現(xiàn)象屢見不鮮。編織鋼絲繩在載荷作用下的應(yīng)力分布對鋼絲繩的使用壽命和強(qiáng)度有著極大影響,其力學(xué)建模和失效機(jī)理分析越來越受到重視。由于其結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,目前國內(nèi)外對編織鋼絲繩的力學(xué)研究甚少。因此有必要建立編織鋼絲繩的力學(xué)計算模型,研究其在載荷作用下的應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律,為該類鋼絲繩的失效機(jī)理分析及結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化等研究提供理論基礎(chǔ)。本文針對四方八股編織鋼絲繩,通過幾何參數(shù)關(guān)系研究、力學(xué)建模、仿真模擬及拉伸試驗、斷絲及斷股試驗等研究,探索其在拉伸載荷作用下的應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律,具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)根據(jù)編織鋼絲繩的結(jié)構(gòu)特點及參數(shù)方程,建立其幾何模型并進(jìn)行修正;對修正后的幾何模型中繩股的中心線進(jìn)行投影,借助四心圓近似橢圓法,獲得繩股的展開線;在此基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)出編織鋼絲繩基本幾何參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,借助CAD軟件及拉伸試驗,獲得該類鋼絲繩基本幾何參數(shù)值和彈性模量;分析繩股曲率、撓率隨離心角和節(jié)距的變化曲線,進(jìn)一步研究編織鋼絲繩的幾何特性,為其力學(xué)分析奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)基于彈性理論及Love曲桿理論,研究繩股在平直狀態(tài)下承受拉伸載荷時的力學(xué)響應(yīng),獲得繩股軸向總拉力與芯絲及內(nèi)、外側(cè)絲應(yīng)變等的關(guān)系式,建立繩股平直狀態(tài)力學(xué)模型;根據(jù)繩股展開線,分析四方八股編織鋼絲繩平直狀態(tài)下承受拉伸載荷時繩股受力及變形特點,推導(dǎo)出鋼絲繩拉伸載荷與繩股應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變關(guān)系式,從而建立編織鋼絲繩平直狀態(tài)力學(xué)分析模型;以YS9-8×19編織鋼絲繩為例,借助Matlab進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計算,并分析應(yīng)變和應(yīng)力隨載荷的變化規(guī)律。(3)借助數(shù)值模擬軟件,建立無摩擦和不同摩擦系數(shù)的YS9-8×19編織鋼絲繩有限元模型,通過仿真分析揭示其相應(yīng)的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分布規(guī)律,探討摩擦力對編織鋼絲繩受力的影響;開展不同拉伸載荷作用下編織鋼絲繩的有限元仿真,并將仿真結(jié)果與力學(xué)模型理論計算結(jié)果對比分析,從定性的角度佐證所建力學(xué)模型的有效性;對相同載荷下不同節(jié)距的編織鋼絲繩有限元模型進(jìn)行仿真,分析其應(yīng)力和變形隨節(jié)距的變化規(guī)律,進(jìn)而優(yōu)選出節(jié)距范圍,為工程應(yīng)用提供理論指導(dǎo)。(4)以YS9-8×19編織鋼絲繩為例,進(jìn)行不同載荷下的拉伸試驗,獲得鋼絲繩位移量隨載荷的變化曲線,并與理論計算值進(jìn)行對比分析,驗證了力學(xué)模型的合理性;對鋼絲繩試樣進(jìn)行斷絲及斷股試驗,分析斷絲和斷股的特點及位置,探討其危險截面存在位置,與理論及仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行綜合分析比對,驗證了鋼絲繩拉伸載荷作用下應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the State Grid, the braided torsion resistant wire rope has been widely and repeatedly used in cable tension erection engineering because of its high strength and high torsion resistance. Because the construction environment is relatively bad, and the service process of braided wire rope is complex, the fatigue of wire rope and broken wire are common phenomena. The stress distribution of braided wire rope under load has a great influence on the service life and strength of the wire rope. More and more attention has been paid to the mechanical modeling and failure mechanism analysis of the wire rope. Because of its complex structure, there are few researches on the mechanics of braided wire rope at home and abroad. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mechanical calculation model of braided wire rope and study its stress distribution under load, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of failure mechanism and structural optimization of this kind of wire rope. In this paper, through the research of geometric parameter relation, mechanical modeling, simulation and tensile test, broken wire and broken strand test, the stress distribution law of square eight strands braided wire rope under the action of tensile load is explored. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) according to the structural characteristics and parameter equations of the braided wire rope, the geometric model is established and modified; Based on the projection of the central line of the rope in the modified geometric model, the unfolding line of the rope is obtained by using the four-center circle approximate ellipse method. On this basis, the relationship between the basic geometric parameters of braided wire rope is deduced, and the basic geometric parameters and elastic modulus of this kind of wire rope are obtained by means of CAD software and tensile test. The curves of curvature and torsion of rope with centrifugal angle and pitch are analyzed, and the geometric characteristics of braided wire rope are further studied. (2) based on elastic theory and Love bent rod theory, the geometric properties of braided wire rope are studied. The mechanical response of rope strands under tensile load is studied. The relationship between the total axial tensile force of rope strands and the strain of core wire, inner and outer wire is obtained, and the mechanical model of the straight state of rope strands is established. According to the development line of wire strands, the stress and deformation characteristics of wire strands under tensile load are analyzed, and the relationship between tensile load and stress and strain of wire strands is deduced. Thus the mechanical analysis model of braided wire rope is established. Taking YS9-8 脳 19 braided wire rope as an example, the numerical calculation is carried out with the aid of Matlab, and the variation of strain and stress with load is analyzed. (3) with the aid of numerical simulation software, The finite element model of YS9-8 脳 19 braided wire rope without friction and different friction coefficient is established. The distribution of stress and strain is revealed by simulation analysis, and the influence of friction on the force of braided wire rope is discussed. The finite element simulation of braided wire rope under different tensile loads is carried out, and the simulation results are compared with the theoretical results of mechanical model, which proves the validity of the established mechanical model from the qualitative point of view. The finite element model of braided wire rope with different pitch under the same load is simulated, the variation of stress and deformation with pitch is analyzed, and the range of pitch is selected. (4) taking YS9-8 脳 19 braided wire rope as an example, the tensile test under different loads is carried out, and the displacement curve of wire rope with load is obtained, and compared with the theoretical calculation value. The rationality of the mechanical model is verified. The characteristics and position of broken wire and broken strands are analyzed, and the location of dangerous cross section is discussed, and compared with the theoretical and simulation results, the test results of broken wire and broken strands of steel wire rope are carried out, and the characteristics and positions of broken wires and broken strands are analyzed and compared. The reliability of stress distribution under tensile load of wire rope is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG356.45

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