【摘要】：受自然界中超疏水現(xiàn)象的啟發(fā),本文設(shè)計(jì)了溝槽形和方柱形兩種疏水復(fù)合微結(jié)構(gòu)模型,利用高速電火花線切割加工技術(shù)對設(shè)計(jì)的微結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行制備,對制備的試樣表面的尺寸、形貌、潤濕性以及潤濕機(jī)理進(jìn)行了觀測和分析,并對不同潤濕性能的試樣表面進(jìn)行了抗冰霜試驗(yàn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在鋁合金、黃銅表面可實(shí)現(xiàn)所設(shè)計(jì)的溝槽形和方柱形復(fù)合微結(jié)構(gòu)形貌和尺寸的構(gòu)建;潤濕機(jī)理結(jié)果顯示,水滴在已加工表面的接觸狀態(tài)是由亞毫米級溝槽/方柱及其表面分布的微米或納米級別的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)共同作用的結(jié)果。穩(wěn)定性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,所制備的微結(jié)構(gòu)表面具有較好的機(jī)械穩(wěn)定性和外界環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性。在恒溫恒濕條件下,試樣表面的潤濕性較為穩(wěn)定,可一旦外界的溫度和濕度發(fā)生較大變化時(shí),由于水滴的變形導(dǎo)致其在試樣表面的接觸狀態(tài)即材料表面的潤濕性能發(fā)生變化。抗冰霜試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,材料表面的潤濕性是影響抗冰霜效果的主要因素。其原因是由于構(gòu)建的微結(jié)構(gòu)會增加基體表面的表觀接觸角,減小固液接觸面積,從而延緩過冷度的增加速度,使微結(jié)構(gòu)表面具備一定的抗冰霜效果。
[Abstract]:Inspired by the superhydrophobic phenomena in nature, two hydrophobic composite microstructures, grooves and square columns, were designed in this paper. The designed microstructures were prepared by high speed WEDM, and the surface sizes of the samples were obtained. The morphology, wettability and wetting mechanism were observed and analyzed. It is found that the surface of aluminum alloy and brass can realize the shape and size of the groove and square composite microstructures, and the wetting mechanism shows that, The contact state of water droplets on the machined surface is the result of the interaction of sub-millimeter grooves / square columns and their surface distributed micro- or nanoscale composite structures. The results of stability test show that the microstructural surface has good mechanical stability and environmental stability. Under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, the wettability of the sample surface is relatively stable. However, once the temperature and humidity of the sample change greatly, the contact state of the sample surface, that is, the wettability of the material surface, changes due to the deformation of the water droplet. The results show that the wettability of the material surface is the main factor affecting the frost resistance. The reason is that the microstructure can increase the apparent contact angle of the matrix surface, reduce the solid-liquid contact area, so as to delay the increase of the supercooling rate and make the microstructure surface have a certain anti-frost effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長春理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG174.4

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