發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 10:15

【摘要】：利用激光近凈成形技術(shù)進(jìn)行了316L不銹鋼單道多層結(jié)構(gòu)的制備。在相同的激光功率及掃描速度條件下,通過調(diào)整送粉率及層間提升量實(shí)現(xiàn)了不同沉積效率的成形,并討論了不同沉積效率下成形結(jié)構(gòu)的微觀組織及力學(xué)性能特征。結(jié)果表明,在一定的激光功率及掃描速度條件下,隨著送粉率及層間提升量的提升,沉積效率由初始工藝參數(shù)條件下的12.14 mm~3/s提高至22.62 mm~3/s,提高了86.3%。同時成形單位有效體積消耗的激光能量由初始工藝參數(shù)條件下的98.84 J/mm~3降低至53.06 J/mm~3,能量利用效率提高了46.32%。成形結(jié)構(gòu)的微觀組織呈柱狀枝晶形態(tài),隨著沉積效率的提高,枝晶長度呈明顯的增大趨勢。性能檢測結(jié)果顯示,不同沉積效率下的樣件力學(xué)性能保持了較高的一致性,并未隨沉積效率的提高而降低,成形樣件抗拉強(qiáng)度及屈服強(qiáng)度分別穩(wěn)定在510 MPa與290 MPa,延伸率穩(wěn)定在40%左右,顯微硬度也未出現(xiàn)明顯波動,處于180 HV,均達(dá)到了鍛造的同等水平。該研究表明,在一定的工藝參數(shù)范圍內(nèi),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)沉積效率及力學(xué)性能的協(xié)同優(yōu)化,達(dá)到低能耗高效制備高性能零件的效果。
[Abstract]:The single pass multilayer structure of 316L stainless steel was fabricated by laser near-net forming technique. Under the same laser power and scanning speed, the formation of different deposition efficiency is realized by adjusting the powder feeding rate and the lifting amount between layers, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed structure are discussed under different deposition efficiency. The results show that under certain laser power and scanning speed, the deposition efficiency increases from 12.14 mm~3/s to 22.62 mm~3/s, with the increase of powder feeding rate and interlayer lift. At the same time, the laser energy consumed by the effective volume of the forming unit is reduced from 98.84 J/mm~3 to 53.06 J / mm3 under the initial process parameters, and the energy utilization efficiency is increased by 46.32 2%. The microstructure of the formed structure is columnar dendritic, and the dendritic length increases obviously with the increase of deposition efficiency. The results of performance test show that the mechanical properties of the samples with different deposition efficiency have high consistency and do not decrease with the increase of deposition efficiency. The tensile strength and yield strength of the formed samples are stable at 510 MPa and 290 MPa, respectively, and the elongation is about 40%, and the microhardness does not fluctuate obviously, reaching the same level as that of forging at 180 HV,. The research shows that the deposition efficiency and mechanical properties can be optimized in a certain range of process parameters, and the effect of producing high performance parts with low energy consumption and high efficiency can be achieved.
【作者單位】： 大連理工大學(xué)精密與特種加工教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;大連三壘機(jī)器股份有限公司;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(51402037) 國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(2015CB057305)
【分類號】：TG142.71;TG665

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