【摘要】：鉆削加工過程中,機床振動會導致鉆尖在接觸工件瞬間偏離主軸中心,從而引發(fā)鉆刃刀尖在軸向發(fā)生偏擺現(xiàn)象。該現(xiàn)象會加劇鉆頭磨損,影響孔加工質量,嚴重時甚至會出現(xiàn)喇叭孔。針對該現(xiàn)象,本文基于MATLAB建立鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺力學模型,通過DEFORM有限元軟件對鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺運動過程進行仿真,同時結合鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺力學實驗,開展不同偏擺角度對鉆削加工影響的研究。本文主要研究內容如下:(1)鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺力學模型的建立�；谇邢骷庸ぶ星行夹纬蛇^程及切削溫度變化情況,建立直角及斜角切削力學模型;基于麻花鉆鉆削原理分析鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺發(fā)生時的受力情況,從斜角切削推導出鉆削力學模型,結合MATLAB分析不同加工參數(shù)對鉆削力影響規(guī)律。(2)鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺的有限元仿真分析。建立鉆削加工過程有限元模型,利用DEFORM有限元仿真分析軟件對鉆刃刀尖不同角度的軸向偏擺進行模擬,對比分析鉆刃刀尖不同角度時的鉆頭溫度場、鉆頭應力應變場、切屑溫度場、切屑形態(tài)等仿真結果,為后續(xù)進行鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺實驗提供指導。(3)鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺實驗驗證。針對不同的軸向偏擺角度建立鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺實驗平臺,通過實驗測量鉆頭溫度、鉆削力及扭矩并與仿真數(shù)據(jù)進行對比分析驗證;同時測量切屑長短、孔的鉆入鉆出端直徑差以及孔表面粗糙度,分析鉆刃刀尖在軸向的偏擺對切屑以及孔的影響。理論分析與實驗結果表明,采用上述研究方法,本文建立了鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺力學模型,仿真與實驗結果真實預測了鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺時鉆頭及切屑的物理狀態(tài),得到了鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺不同角度對鉆削加工的影響規(guī)律,為深入研究鉆刃刀尖軸向偏擺現(xiàn)象提供新的方法。在揭示鉆削過程的本質,制定合理的切削加工工藝,提高孔加工表面質量,降低鉆頭磨損提高鉆頭壽命等方面具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:During the drilling process, the vibration of the machine tool will cause the drill tip to deviate from the center of the spindle at the moment of contact with the workpiece, thus causing the tip of the drill edge to deflect in the axial direction. This phenomenon will aggravate bit wear, affect hole processing quality, and even appear horn holes when serious. Aiming at this phenomenon, based on MATLAB, this paper establishes a mechanical model of axial deflection of drill blade tip, simulates the movement process of edge axial deflection of drill edge by DEFORM finite element software, and combines with the mechanical experiment of drill blade tip axial deflection. The influence of different deflection angles on drilling machining was studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the establishment of the axial deflection model of the drill blade tip. Based on the process of chip formation and the change of cutting temperature in cutting process, a right-angle and diagonal cutting force model is established, and the stress on the axial deflection of the cutting edge is analyzed based on the principle of twist drilling. The drilling mechanics model is derived from oblique angle cutting, and the influence of different machining parameters on drilling force is analyzed by MATLAB. (2) the finite element simulation analysis of the axial deflection of the cutting edge. The finite element model of drilling process is established, and the axial deflection at different angles of cutting edge is simulated by using DEFORM software. The temperature field and stress strain field of drill bit at different angles of drill edge are compared and analyzed. The simulation results of chip temperature field and chip shape provide guidance for the following experiments. (3) the experimental verification of the tip axial deflection of the drill edge. Aiming at different axial deflection angles, an experimental platform is set up to measure bit temperature, drilling force and torque, and to compare with simulation data, and to measure chip length at the same time. The diameter difference and surface roughness of the hole are analyzed. The influence of the tip of the drill edge on the chip and the hole is analyzed. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the mechanical model of the axial deflection of the cutting edge is established by using the above research method, and the physical state of the bit and chip during the axial deflection of the drill edge is predicted by the simulation and experimental results. The influence of different angles on drilling machining is obtained, which provides a new method for the further study of the axial deflection of drill edge. It is of great significance to reveal the essence of drilling process, to formulate reasonable cutting technology, to improve the surface quality of hole machining, and to reduce bit wear and increase bit life.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG52

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