【摘要】：目前,市場(chǎng)上的滾焊機(jī)多以加工圓形鋼筋骨架為主,對(duì)于異形鋼筋骨架的加工效率低,且常規(guī)的滾焊機(jī)在環(huán)筋與縱筋焊焊接的過(guò)程中鋼筋骨架的橫截面無(wú)法改變。市面上滾焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)多采用繼電器控制方式或PLC控制方式,既影響了滾焊機(jī)的加工效率,也阻礙了滾焊機(jī)自動(dòng)化程度的提高。所以,人們急需提高滾焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的適用性與功能性,以便匹配更加新穎的滾焊機(jī)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu),以此實(shí)現(xiàn)異形鋼筋骨架加工的高效率和高自動(dòng)化。本文以揚(yáng)州某企業(yè)所生產(chǎn)的異形管鋼筋骨架自動(dòng)變徑滾焊機(jī)作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理進(jìn)行分析,提出了一套最適合此種滾焊機(jī)實(shí)際工況的多電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方案。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行闡述:(1)根據(jù)異形管鋼筋骨架自動(dòng)變徑滾焊機(jī)的工作特性,提出了基于PLC網(wǎng)絡(luò)和基于485總線的兩種不同滾焊機(jī)多電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方案,并在485總線方案中使用ZigBee無(wú)線傳輸技術(shù),在對(duì)比和分析兩種控制系統(tǒng)方案的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)、系統(tǒng)成本、可靠性以及適用范圍后優(yōu)選基于485總線和ZigBee的滾焊機(jī)多電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方案,并針對(duì)該控制方案設(shè)計(jì)了詳細(xì)的軟硬件配置。(2)分析異形管鋼筋骨架自動(dòng)變徑滾焊機(jī)在加工不同橫截面鋼筋骨架時(shí)48根縱筋的自動(dòng)變徑方式,考慮到變徑機(jī)構(gòu)上48臺(tái)步進(jìn)電機(jī)在鋼筋骨架焊接的過(guò)程中也會(huì)隨機(jī)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)問(wèn)題,且過(guò)多的電機(jī)隨機(jī)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)必然產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜的接線問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了基于ZigBee無(wú)線傳輸技術(shù)的滾焊機(jī)多電機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),并對(duì)滾焊機(jī)的多步進(jìn)電機(jī)ZigBee控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)的搭建與實(shí)施進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)與分析。(3)針對(duì)滾焊機(jī)對(duì)變橫面鋼筋骨架的加工需求,提出了滾焊機(jī)變徑機(jī)構(gòu)中48臺(tái)步進(jìn)電機(jī)同步控制要求,從多電機(jī)同步的控制結(jié)構(gòu)和控制策略?xún)蓚�(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析和研究,設(shè)計(jì)了基于變論域模糊PID的改進(jìn)型相鄰偏差耦合控制結(jié)構(gòu)方案,并采用Matlab/Simulink對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的多電機(jī)同步控制方案進(jìn)行仿真和校驗(yàn)。(4)基于Visual Studio 2012平臺(tái)開(kāi)發(fā)上位機(jī)控制軟件,對(duì)控制軟件進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的功能架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)軟件中關(guān)鍵的功能模塊進(jìn)行具體分析,同時(shí)闡述了滾焊機(jī)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中關(guān)鍵性程序的設(shè)計(jì)與思路,并在軟件中對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)多電機(jī)同步控制策略進(jìn)行實(shí)際的加工驗(yàn)證。采用SQL Server 2012作為數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái),針對(duì)滾焊機(jī)的實(shí)際工況建立了詳細(xì)的信息資料數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the rolling welders on the market mainly process circular steel bar skeleton, and the processing efficiency of the special shape steel bar skeleton is low, and the cross section of the steel bar skeleton can not be changed during the welding process of the ring bar and the longitudinal steel bar by the conventional rolling welder. Relay control or PLC control are often used in the control system of rolling welder on the market, which not only affects the processing efficiency of the roller welding machine, but also hinders the improvement of the automation degree of the rolling welding machine. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the applicability and function of the control system of the rolling welding machine, so as to match the more novel mechanical structure of the rolling welding machine and realize the high efficiency and high automation of the special-shaped steel bar skeleton processing. In this paper, the structure and working principle of the automatic variable diameter roller welder for special-shaped pipe reinforced bar produced by a certain enterprise in Yangzhou is studied, and a set of multi-motor control system is put forward, which is most suitable for the actual working condition of this kind of rolling welder. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the working characteristics of the automatic variable diameter roller welder for special-shaped pipe, two schemes of multi-motor control system for different roller welders based on PLC network and 485 bus are put forward. The ZigBee wireless transmission technology is used in the 485 bus scheme. After comparing and analyzing the structural characteristics, system cost, reliability and application range of the two control systems, the multi-motor control system scheme of the roller welder based on 485 bus and ZigBee is selected. The detailed hardware and software configuration is designed for the control scheme. (2) the automatic diameter changing mode of 48 longitudinal bars is analyzed when the steel frame of special-shaped pipe is processed by automatic variable diameter roller welding machine with different cross section steel bars. Considering that 48 stepping motors on a variable diameter mechanism will also rotate with the mechanism during the welding of the steel frame, and that too many motors will inevitably have complex wiring problems with the rotation of the mechanism, The motion control system of multi-motor of rolling welder based on ZigBee wireless transmission technology is designed, and the construction and implementation of ZigBee control network of multi-step motor are designed and analyzed in detail. (3) according to the processing requirements of rolling welder for variable transverse steel bar skeleton, The requirements for synchronous control of 48 stepping motors in variable diameter mechanism of roller welder are put forward. The control structure and control strategy of multi-motor synchronization are analyzed and studied. An improved coupled control scheme of adjacent deviation based on variable domain fuzzy PID is designed, and the multi-motor synchronous control scheme is simulated and verified by Matlab/Simulink. (4) based on the Visual Studio 2012 platform, the control software of upper computer is developed. The function architecture of the control software is designed in detail, and the key function modules in the software are analyzed. At the same time, the design and thinking of the key program in the running process of the rolling welding machine are expounded. And the design of the multi-motor synchronization control strategy is verified in the software. Using SQL Server 2012 as the database development platform, a detailed information database is established for the actual working conditions of the roller welding machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG43

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本文編號(hào)：2210017