【摘要】：作為五大運輸方式之一,金屬管道隨處可見,且與我們的生活息息相關,給我們的生活帶來了巨大的便利。但是,金屬管道的腐蝕卻常常給我們帶來嚴重的后果,比如污染環(huán)境、停產,甚至發(fā)生爆炸,火災等。而彎管作為管道必不可少的一部分,往往由于彎管自身的特點導致其因受流體的沖蝕作用而更易發(fā)生腐蝕�，F有的可以對彎管除銹的方法中,酸洗法除銹時會產生有毒氣體,除銹質量不穩(wěn)定,且長期操作對操作人員的身體危害非常大;高壓水射流法會產生大量的廢水,污染環(huán)境,并且花費的成本也高;現有的針對彎管除銹的噴砂除銹也同樣會在除銹過程中產生大量的灰塵。如何快速、簡單且降低污染地對彎管的內壁除銹,已成為急需解決的一大難題。本課題研究設計的曲管內壁除銹機構,主要運用十字軸式萬向節(jié)可變角度傳動的特點,作為除銹機構的主體部分,使機構整體能夠平穩(wěn)、順利地通過不同曲率的彎道;通過軟軸的帶動,使連接在主體上的磨塊旋轉,以達到管道內壁除銹的目的。磨塊所需的壓力由彈簧及離心力來獲得,并且通過壓縮彈簧的伸縮性能可實現直徑在Φ80-Φ100的單直徑普通鋼管彎管內壁除銹。本除銹機構結構簡單,易于操作,有效地提高工作效率。課題研究完成的主要內容如下:(1)根據課題的研究目的及彎管的特點,對十字軸式萬向聯軸節(jié)的結構及運動特性進行分析,分析設計機構的運動方式及主要零部件,并合理的確定了機構的整體布局;(2)根據除銹機構對管道內壁的壓力要求,確定除銹機構的主要運動參數,并且對關鍵的零部件結構進行理論設計計算;(3)利用SOLIDWORKS軟件對除銹機構進行整體建模,并導入ADAMS軟件,針對《管材和管件選用手冊》中8種常見的彎管類型,進行運動學及動力學仿真,從而得出相關數據;(4)利用ANSYS軟件分析關鍵零部件的位移矢量和應力狀態(tài),確定機構在正常運行的情況下,使各零部件滿足強度要求。經過仿真分析及有限元分析,可確定出機構各零部件及機構整體可滿足正常使用要求。
[Abstract]:As one of the five modes of transportation, metal pipes can be found everywhere and are closely related to our life, which brings great convenience to our life. However, the corrosion of metal pipes often brings us serious consequences, such as environmental pollution, shutdown, even explosion, fire and so on. As an indispensable part of pipeline, bend pipe is more susceptible to corrosion due to its own characteristics. Among the existing methods that can remove rust from bent pipes, the acid washing method will produce toxic gases when removing rust, the quality of rust removal will be unstable, and the long-term operation will be very harmful to the body of the operators; the high-pressure water jet method will produce a large amount of wastewater and pollute the environment. And the cost is also high; the existing sandblasting for rust-removing bends will also produce a large amount of dust in the process of rust removal. How to remove rust from the inner wall of bends quickly, simply and with low pollution has become an urgent problem. In this paper, the rust-removing mechanism of the inner wall of the curved tube is designed, which mainly uses the characteristics of the cross shaft universal joint variable angle transmission, as the main part of the rust-removing mechanism, so that the whole mechanism can smoothly pass through the bend of different curvature. The grinding block connected to the main body is rotated by the driving of the soft shaft to achieve the purpose of removing rust from the inner wall of the pipe. The pressure required for grinding block is obtained by spring and centrifugal force, and the internal wall of single diameter common steel pipe bend pipe with diameter 桅 80- 桅 100 can be removed by the compression spring's extensibility. The rust-removing mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and effective improvement of working efficiency. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) according to the purpose of the research and the characteristics of the bend pipe, the structure and motion characteristics of the cross shaft universal coupling are analyzed, and the motion mode and main parts of the design mechanism are analyzed. And reasonably determine the overall layout of the mechanism. (2) according to the pressure requirements of the rust-removing mechanism on the inner wall of the pipeline, the main parameters of the rust-removing mechanism are determined. The structure of key parts is designed and calculated theoretically. (3) the rust-removing mechanism is modeled by SOLIDWORKS software and imported into ADAMS software. According to the "Manual of Pipe and Pipe fittings", there are 8 kinds of common pipe bending types. The kinematics and dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the relevant data. (4) the displacement vector and stress state of the key parts are analyzed by ANSYS software and the mechanism is determined to meet the strength requirements under normal operation. Through simulation analysis and finite element analysis, it can be determined that all parts of the mechanism and the whole mechanism can meet the requirements of normal use.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG173

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