超細晶304不銹鋼晶粒長大行為及力學(xué)性能研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-08-17 12:11
【摘要】:針對超細晶304不銹鋼研究了退火溫度和退火時間對晶粒長大行為和力學(xué)性能的影響,測試了不同晶粒尺寸的晶粒長大激活能、應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線和內(nèi)耗-溫度譜線,分析了晶粒長大機理。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)試驗鋼的晶粒尺寸隨退火溫度的提高和退火時間的延長而增大。在相同保溫時間下,退火溫度低于400℃時,晶粒尺寸增幅不明顯;當(dāng)退火溫度升高到500℃時,晶粒長大的增幅變大。在相同退火溫度下,晶粒長大趨勢隨著退火時間的延長而降低;退火溫度對晶粒長大的幅度影響較大。晶粒長大指數(shù)n值隨著退火溫度的升高而增大,晶粒尺寸計算值與實際測量值偏差很小,晶粒長大規(guī)律符合晶粒長大動力學(xué)Beck方程。計算得出的奧氏體晶粒長大激活能隨退火溫度的升高而增大,其大小接近計算得出的晶界弛豫激活能值。(2)試驗鋼的屈服強度與晶粒尺寸滿足Hall-Petch關(guān)系,即隨著晶粒尺寸不斷減小屈服強度不斷增高。內(nèi)耗-溫度譜線中均出現(xiàn)P1、P2和P3內(nèi)耗峰,P1峰先升高再下降,P2峰先降低再升高,P3峰值不斷降低。退火溫度和時間對間隙原子的激發(fā)效果分別是遞增和恒定的。退火溫度越高,間隙原子在位錯處聚集飽和所用時間越短,過飽和的間隙原子形成第二相析出對位錯進行釘扎越早,對位錯可動性的影響越提前,隨著退火的進行,第二相物質(zhì)粗化對位錯釘扎效果減弱,位錯可動性增強。隨退火溫度的升高,強度和硬度值表現(xiàn)為先緩慢下降再急劇下降;隨退火時間的延長,二者表現(xiàn)則相反。(3)試驗鋼的拉伸應(yīng)力隨著應(yīng)變速率的升高而增加,隨著晶粒尺寸不斷增大,對應(yīng)變速率的敏感性降低,拉伸應(yīng)力逐漸降低,延伸率逐漸提高。隨著晶粒尺寸不斷增大,基于晶界滑動的塑性變形機制減弱,位錯運動在塑性變形中的作用增強。內(nèi)耗-溫度譜線中的P1、P2峰隨變形量的增大而升高,變形量到一定的時候峰高便達到飽和;隨著晶粒尺寸的增大,P1、P2峰的飽和度增加,表明一定的晶粒尺寸下位錯增殖后的密度達到了一定的限度。晶粒尺寸大于400nm時,晶粒尺寸越小,在塑性變形初期位錯達到飽和的時間越短,對晶界滑動阻力越大,加工硬化現(xiàn)象越明顯。在隨后的塑性變形階段,位錯在晶界附近塞積引發(fā)動態(tài)回復(fù),位錯的生成與泯滅相抵,使位錯產(chǎn)生與消失到達了一個平衡狀態(tài),加工硬化率低。
[Abstract]:The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on grain growth behavior and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained 304 stainless steel were studied. The activation energy of grain growth, stress-strain curve and internal friction temperature spectrum of different grain sizes were measured. The grain growth mechanism was analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) the grain size increases with the increase of annealing temperature and annealing time. At the same holding time, the increase of grain size is not obvious when the annealing temperature is lower than 400 鈩,
本文編號:2187588
[Abstract]:The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on grain growth behavior and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained 304 stainless steel were studied. The activation energy of grain growth, stress-strain curve and internal friction temperature spectrum of different grain sizes were measured. The grain growth mechanism was analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) the grain size increases with the increase of annealing temperature and annealing time. At the same holding time, the increase of grain size is not obvious when the annealing temperature is lower than 400 鈩,
本文編號:2187588
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