發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-11 13:55

【摘要】：細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸類零件作為重要的機(jī)械部件,廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天、汽車、航海、農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和科技的發(fā)展,細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸零件的需求也大量增加,同時(shí)對(duì)其加工質(zhì)量的要求也日益提高。在加工中影響零件加工質(zhì)量的因素有很多,其中刀具作為直接加工用具,其參數(shù)影響極為重要。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)切削的研究主要集中在刀具的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)優(yōu)化方面,并進(jìn)行了深入的研究,但是總體上看,關(guān)于對(duì)刀具的研究一般都是針對(duì)切削用量的優(yōu)化選擇,很少對(duì)刀具主要幾何角度方面進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究。實(shí)際加工研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),刀具的主要幾何角度對(duì)刀具壽命以及工件加工質(zhì)量等多方面都密切相關(guān)。所以本文結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究成果,進(jìn)一步對(duì)刀具幾何角度進(jìn)行分析,以切削力為研究切入點(diǎn),對(duì)硬質(zhì)合金刀具的主要幾何角度進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究。本文詳細(xì)分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外在細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸加工相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀,且在次基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸類零件的加工特點(diǎn),提出進(jìn)行切削刀具幾何角度優(yōu)化的研究?jī)?nèi)容及方法。首先通過(guò)對(duì)細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸類零件外圓車削的切削力進(jìn)行了理論分析,確定了切削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的切削用量,并對(duì)車削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸工件過(guò)程中的刀具幾何角度進(jìn)行理論分析,根據(jù)細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的自身的切削性質(zhì)特點(diǎn),進(jìn)行了坐標(biāo)平移及轉(zhuǎn)換的計(jì)算,并由此建立了外圓車削刀具的幾何模型,得到了刀具實(shí)際切削過(guò)程的數(shù)學(xué)模型。然后在切削用量值已知的情況下,對(duì)不同刀具的主要幾何角度進(jìn)行了有限元對(duì)比仿真分析,提出了切削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸理論上的刀具最優(yōu)幾何角度。以理論數(shù)值為基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)行了不同刀具幾何角度刀具切削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸工件的正交試驗(yàn)分析,利用極差分析法進(jìn)一步得到了刀具主要幾何角度最優(yōu)方案。在理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,再進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,再根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸工件切削的刀具幾何角度優(yōu)化,采用多元回歸分析法進(jìn)行定量分析,建立了刀具主要幾何角度的數(shù)學(xué)模型,同時(shí)確定優(yōu)化變量以及目標(biāo)函數(shù)的約束條件,最后利用DPS數(shù)據(jù)處理平臺(tái)對(duì)刀具幾何角度進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到刀具幾何角度優(yōu)化結(jié)果,利用Matlab繪圖軟件對(duì)最優(yōu)刀具幾何角度進(jìn)行分析,最后通過(guò)制備刀具進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)對(duì)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:As important mechanical parts, slender shaft parts are widely used in aerospace, automobile, navigation, agriculture, medicine and other fields. With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the demand for slender shaft parts is also increasing. At the same time, the quality of its processing requirements are also increasing. There are many factors that affect the machining quality of parts in machining, among which the tool is a direct tool, and its parameters are very important. At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly focus on the cutting tool structure design and related optimization, and have carried out in-depth research, but generally speaking, the research on cutting tools is generally aimed at the optimal selection of cutting parameters. There is little research on the optimization of the main geometric angles of cutting tools. It is found that the main geometric angle of the tool is closely related to the life of the tool and the machining quality of the workpiece. Therefore, combining with the domestic and foreign research results, this paper further analyzes the geometric angle of the cutting tool, and optimizes the main geometric angle of the cemented carbide tool with cutting force as the starting point. In this paper, the current research situation in the field of slender axis machining at home and abroad is analyzed in detail, and on the basis of the secondary, combining with the machining characteristics of slender shaft parts, the research contents and methods of geometric angle optimization of cutting tools are put forward. Firstly, the cutting force of the slender axis parts is analyzed theoretically, and the cutting parameters of the thin axis are determined, and the geometric angle of the cutting tool during the turning process of the slender axis workpiece is analyzed theoretically. According to the cutting characteristics of the slender axis, the coordinate translation and transformation are calculated, and the geometric model of the outer circle turning tool is established, and the mathematical model of the actual cutting process of the tool is obtained. Then, when the cutting parameters are known, the main geometric angles of different cutting tools are compared and simulated by finite element method, and the optimal geometric angle of the cutting tool is put forward in the theory of cutting slender axis. Based on the theoretical values, the orthogonal experimental analysis of cutting tools with different tool geometric angles is carried out. The optimum scheme of main geometric angles of cutting tools is obtained by using the range analysis method. On the basis of theoretical analysis and experimental research, the geometric angle of cutting tool of slender axis workpiece is optimized according to the experimental data, and the mathematical model of main geometric angle of tool is established by means of multivariate regression analysis. At the same time, the optimization variables and the constraint conditions of the objective function are determined. Finally, the geometric angle of the tool is optimized by using the DPS data processing platform, and the optimization results of the geometric angle of the tool are obtained, and the optimal geometric angle of the tool is analyzed by using the Matlab software. Finally, the optimized results are verified by the experiments of the prepared tools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG711

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2177183