單層CBN砂輪高速磨削鈦基復(fù)合材料試驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 15:34
【摘要】：TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料具有比強(qiáng)度高、耐高溫與耐磨損等優(yōu)異的物理力學(xué)性能,在航空航天領(lǐng)域具有廣闊應(yīng)用前景。然而,該材料中高強(qiáng)韌Ti-6Al-4V基體材料與高硬度TiC增強(qiáng)顆粒的共同存在使其普通磨削加工過程容易出現(xiàn)因增強(qiáng)顆粒脫落(或破碎)形成表面缺陷、以及磨削高溫導(dǎo)致工件材料燒傷的問題,嚴(yán)重制約了加工效率與質(zhì)量水平的提升。有鑒于此,本課題提出采用單層CBN砂輪與高速磨削相結(jié)合的技術(shù)方案解決TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料磨削加工過程的上述難題,以期實(shí)現(xiàn)高效精密加工。作為總課題的一部分,本文通過開展單層電鍍CBN砂輪與單層釬焊CBN砂輪高速磨削TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料的對比試驗(yàn),對其中涉及的鈦基復(fù)合材料高速磨削加工性評價(jià)、高速磨削燒傷現(xiàn)象表征、加工表面缺陷表征與定量評價(jià)等關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行研究。完成的主要工作和取得的成果如下:(1)揭示了單層CBN砂輪高速磨削TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料的磨削力與溫度變化規(guī)律,評價(jià)了磨削加工性。由于增強(qiáng)顆粒的添加增加了鈦基復(fù)合材料的磨削難度,導(dǎo)致其高速磨削過程的力與溫度均高于Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金。磨削力隨工件進(jìn)給速度和切深增大而上升、隨磨削速度增大而下降;磨削溫度隨磨削速度、工件進(jìn)給速度和切深的增大均呈上升趨勢,且工件進(jìn)給速度、切深、磨削速度對磨削溫度的影響程度依次增大。單層釬焊CBN砂輪高速磨削鈦基復(fù)合材料的磨削力與溫度均低于單層電鍍CBN砂輪,采用前者高速磨削可提高不發(fā)生材料燒傷的最大去除率。(2)探明了單層CBN砂輪高速磨削TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料的表面燒傷宏觀與微觀特征。鈦基復(fù)合材料表面燒傷顏色與磨削溫度呈現(xiàn)比較明確的對應(yīng)關(guān)系;隨著磨削燒傷程度加重,顯微組織變形更劇烈,且表層材料出現(xiàn)軟化。TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料高速磨削亞表面變質(zhì)層厚度與顯微組織變形程度顯著高于Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金。基于磨削比能建立了鈦基復(fù)合材料高速磨削燒傷預(yù)測模型。(3)闡明了單層CBN砂輪高速磨削TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料加工表面的微觀形貌特征。鈦基復(fù)合材料高速磨削表面主要由磨痕、孔洞、光滑區(qū)域和不規(guī)律區(qū)域組成。磨削速度較小、工件進(jìn)給速度與切深較大時(shí),TiC顆粒容易產(chǎn)生破碎或者被從Ti-6Al-4V基體中拔出,在表面形成孔洞。對比分析顯示,單層釬焊CBN砂輪在降低鈦基復(fù)合材料磨削表面缺陷方面比單層電鍍CBN砂輪更具優(yōu)勢。本文研究成果加深了對單層CBN砂輪高速磨削TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V鈦基復(fù)合材料的認(rèn)識(shí),為后續(xù)通過工藝優(yōu)化進(jìn)一步控制表面缺陷與磨削燒傷提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites have excellent physical and mechanical properties such as high specific strength, high temperature resistance and wear resistance. However, the co-existence of high strength and toughness Ti-6Al-4V matrix material and high hardness TiC reinforced particles makes it easy to produce surface defects due to the shedding (or breaking) of the reinforced particles in the grinding process. And grinding high temperature leads to the problem of workpiece material burn, which seriously restricts the improvement of processing efficiency and quality level. In view of this, this paper puts forward a technical scheme which combines monolayer CBN grinding wheel with high speed grinding to solve the above problems in the grinding process of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites, in order to realize high efficiency precision machining. As a part of the whole project, this paper evaluates the high speed grinding processability of titanium matrix composites by comparing the high speed grinding of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites with single layer electroplated CBN grinding wheel and single brazed CBN wheel. The characteristics of high-speed grinding burn phenomenon, surface defect characterization and quantitative evaluation were studied. The main work and results obtained are as follows: (1) the grinding force and temperature of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites grinding with single-layer CBN grinding wheel at high speed are revealed and the grinding machinability is evaluated. The grinding difficulty of titanium matrix composites is increased by adding reinforced particles, which leads to the higher grinding force and temperature than that of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The grinding force increases with the increase of the feed speed and depth of the workpiece, and decreases with the increase of the grinding speed, and the grinding temperature increases with the grinding speed, the feed speed and the cutting depth of the workpiece, and the feed speed and depth of the workpiece are increased. The influence of grinding speed on grinding temperature increases in turn. The grinding force and temperature of single layer brazed CBN wheel for high speed grinding of titanium matrix composites are lower than that of single layer electroplated CBN wheel. Using the former high speed grinding can improve the maximum removal rate of no material burn. (2) the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of surface burn of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites after high speed grinding with single layer CBN grinding wheel are investigated. The surface burn color of titanium matrix composites has a clear relationship with grinding temperature, and the microstructure deformation becomes more severe with the increase of grinding burn degree. In addition, the thickness and microstructure deformation of the subsurface metamorphic layer in high speed grinding of the surface material with softened. TiCp / Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composite is significantly higher than that of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Based on the specific grinding energy, a prediction model for high speed grinding burn of titanium matrix composites was established. (3) the microtopography of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites machined by monolayer CBN grinding wheel at high speed was described. The high-speed grinding surface of titanium matrix composites is mainly composed of wear marks, holes, smooth regions and irregular regions. When the grinding speed is small and the feed speed and cutting depth of the workpiece is high, the tic particles are easily broken or pulled out from the Ti-6Al-4V matrix, and the pores are formed on the surface. The comparative analysis shows that the single-layer brazed CBN grinding wheel is superior to the single-layer electroplated CBN wheel in reducing the grinding surface defects of titanium matrix composites. The research results of this paper have deepened the understanding of high speed grinding of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites with single-layer CBN grinding wheel and provided scientific basis for further control of surface defects and grinding burns through technological optimization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG580.6
本文編號(hào)：2162184
[Abstract]:TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites have excellent physical and mechanical properties such as high specific strength, high temperature resistance and wear resistance. However, the co-existence of high strength and toughness Ti-6Al-4V matrix material and high hardness TiC reinforced particles makes it easy to produce surface defects due to the shedding (or breaking) of the reinforced particles in the grinding process. And grinding high temperature leads to the problem of workpiece material burn, which seriously restricts the improvement of processing efficiency and quality level. In view of this, this paper puts forward a technical scheme which combines monolayer CBN grinding wheel with high speed grinding to solve the above problems in the grinding process of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites, in order to realize high efficiency precision machining. As a part of the whole project, this paper evaluates the high speed grinding processability of titanium matrix composites by comparing the high speed grinding of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites with single layer electroplated CBN grinding wheel and single brazed CBN wheel. The characteristics of high-speed grinding burn phenomenon, surface defect characterization and quantitative evaluation were studied. The main work and results obtained are as follows: (1) the grinding force and temperature of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites grinding with single-layer CBN grinding wheel at high speed are revealed and the grinding machinability is evaluated. The grinding difficulty of titanium matrix composites is increased by adding reinforced particles, which leads to the higher grinding force and temperature than that of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The grinding force increases with the increase of the feed speed and depth of the workpiece, and decreases with the increase of the grinding speed, and the grinding temperature increases with the grinding speed, the feed speed and the cutting depth of the workpiece, and the feed speed and depth of the workpiece are increased. The influence of grinding speed on grinding temperature increases in turn. The grinding force and temperature of single layer brazed CBN wheel for high speed grinding of titanium matrix composites are lower than that of single layer electroplated CBN wheel. Using the former high speed grinding can improve the maximum removal rate of no material burn. (2) the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of surface burn of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites after high speed grinding with single layer CBN grinding wheel are investigated. The surface burn color of titanium matrix composites has a clear relationship with grinding temperature, and the microstructure deformation becomes more severe with the increase of grinding burn degree. In addition, the thickness and microstructure deformation of the subsurface metamorphic layer in high speed grinding of the surface material with softened. TiCp / Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composite is significantly higher than that of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Based on the specific grinding energy, a prediction model for high speed grinding burn of titanium matrix composites was established. (3) the microtopography of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites machined by monolayer CBN grinding wheel at high speed was described. The high-speed grinding surface of titanium matrix composites is mainly composed of wear marks, holes, smooth regions and irregular regions. When the grinding speed is small and the feed speed and cutting depth of the workpiece is high, the tic particles are easily broken or pulled out from the Ti-6Al-4V matrix, and the pores are formed on the surface. The comparative analysis shows that the single-layer brazed CBN grinding wheel is superior to the single-layer electroplated CBN wheel in reducing the grinding surface defects of titanium matrix composites. The research results of this paper have deepened the understanding of high speed grinding of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites with single-layer CBN grinding wheel and provided scientific basis for further control of surface defects and grinding burns through technological optimization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG580.6
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