【摘要】：NOMEX蜂窩芯材料是人類仿照自然界中蜜蜂筑造的六邊形蜂巢結(jié)構(gòu)原理制成的,因密度小質(zhì)輕、高的比強度與比剛度、抗沖擊能力強、良好的自熄性等特點而被廣泛的應(yīng)用于航空航天高速列車等諸多領(lǐng)域。然而蜂窩芯材料的這種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)性能使其在傳統(tǒng)加工過程中表現(xiàn)出加工性能差、效率低以及刀具壽命低,從而引起質(zhì)量問題,甚至導(dǎo)致零件報廢,因此研究高效且高質(zhì)量的切削加工技術(shù)對其在諸多領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用具有非常重要的意義。超聲輔助加工技術(shù)作為一種新型加工技術(shù),克服了傳統(tǒng)加工技術(shù)所引起的諸多缺點,其優(yōu)勢表現(xiàn)為可有效降低切削力、延長刀具使用壽命并提高工件表面加工質(zhì)量,被廣泛的應(yīng)用于蜂窩材料的加工。本文圍繞超聲輔助切割加工系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)開展相關(guān)研究,對比研究不同形狀超聲切割直刃刀具性能,確定合適的直刃刀具結(jié)構(gòu),搭建了超聲切割蜂窩材料實驗平臺,并對超聲切割直刃尖刀性能進(jìn)行了試驗驗證,初步分析了超聲切割尖刀的加工性能與加工效果。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和研究成果如下：(1)針對蜂窩芯材料的特性及其加工要求,結(jié)合超聲振動系統(tǒng)對刀具的材料、強度等方面的要求,研制蜂窩芯超聲切削專用刀具,通過理論與仿真分析,結(jié)合實驗對比兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式的刀具性能,分析了刀具橫向振幅的變化規(guī)律,確定了合適的刀具結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)為研究刀具與超聲振動系統(tǒng)的匹配性能,進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行超聲切割工藝研究,需要相應(yīng)的超聲切割實驗平臺來滿足相應(yīng)需求。在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上,搭建了性能穩(wěn)定,并能夠滿足實驗基本要求的超聲切割實驗平臺,通過實驗調(diào)試檢驗了平臺與超聲系統(tǒng)匹配后的整體性能。(3)在對模擬刀具分析研究的基礎(chǔ)上完善刀具結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),改變刀具材料,通過仿真與實驗,對比不同參數(shù)的刀具匹配超聲系統(tǒng)后整體諧振頻率與振幅的變化情況,同時研究刀具橫向振幅的變化規(guī)律。運用自主開發(fā)的超聲振動切割系統(tǒng)在超聲切割加工實驗平臺上開展蜂窩芯材料超聲切割加工試驗,驗證不同參數(shù)刀具的實際切割性能,在工藝參數(shù)相同的情況下,分析不同參數(shù)刀具匹配超聲系統(tǒng)后的有效切割長度,研究刀具不同切割長度對工件加工精度、表面質(zhì)量的影響規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:The NOMEX honeycomb core material is made by human beings following the principle of hexagonal honeycomb nest built by bees in nature. Because of its small density and light weight, high specific strength and specific stiffness, and strong impact resistance, the honeycomb core material is made by human beings. It is widely used in many fields such as aerospace high-speed train and so on because of its good self-extinguishment. However, the special structure and mechanical properties of honeycomb core materials make them exhibit poor machining performance, low efficiency and low tool life in the traditional machining process, which cause quality problems and even lead to parts scrapping. Therefore, it is very important to study high-efficiency and high-quality machining technology for its application in many fields. As a new type of machining technology, ultrasonic assisted machining technology overcomes many disadvantages caused by traditional machining technology. Its advantages are that it can effectively reduce cutting force, prolong tool service life and improve workpiece surface machining quality. It is widely used in the processing of honeycomb materials. This paper focuses on the key technologies of ultrasonic assisted cutting and machining system, compares and studies the performance of ultrasonic cutting tools with different shapes, determines the proper structure of straight cutting tools, and builds an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb materials. The performance of ultrasonic cutting pointed knife with straight edge is verified and the machining performance and effect of ultrasonic cutting sharp knife are preliminarily analyzed. The main contents and results of this thesis are as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of honeycomb core material and its machining requirements, combined with the requirements of ultrasonic vibration system on the material and strength of the cutting tool, the special tool for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb core is developed. Through theoretical and simulation analysis, combined with experiments to compare the cutting tool performance of two kinds of structure, the variation law of tool lateral amplitude is analyzed, and the suitable tool structure is determined. (2) in order to study the matching performance between tool and ultrasonic vibration system, Further research on ultrasonic cutting technology needs a corresponding experimental platform to meet the corresponding needs. On the basis of previous studies, an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting is built, which has stable performance and can meet the basic requirements of the experiment. The whole performance of the platform matched with the ultrasonic system is tested by the experiment debugging. (3) on the basis of analyzing and researching the simulated tool, the tool structure parameters are improved, the tool material is changed, and the simulation and experiment are carried out. The variation of the overall resonant frequency and amplitude of the tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is compared, and the variation law of the transverse amplitude of the tool is studied at the same time. The ultrasonic cutting experiment of honeycomb core material was carried out on the experimental platform of ultrasonic cutting with self-developed ultrasonic vibration cutting system to verify the actual cutting performance of tools with different parameters. The effective cutting length of tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is analyzed, and the influence of different cutting length on machining precision and surface quality of workpiece is studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG663;TG71

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本文編號：2153393