【摘要】：受自然界的啟發(fā),無(wú)論是親水表面、疏水表面還是超疏水表面已經(jīng)得到廣泛而深入的研究。然而靈感來(lái)源于自然而不停留于自然,近些年,可實(shí)現(xiàn)不同潤(rùn)濕性之間轉(zhuǎn)換的仿生智能功能表面由于其在微流體、生物探測(cè)、智能轉(zhuǎn)換開(kāi)關(guān)等方面潛在的應(yīng)用而得到科學(xué)界更多的探索。而鋁及其合金由于擁有較好的力學(xué)性能和切削加工性能,而在飛機(jī)制造、汽車(chē)及其零部件制造、建筑行業(yè)、軌道交通等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。因此選擇鋁合金作為基體構(gòu)建仿生智能功能表面,可以有效的提高鋁合金在基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用。本文選擇3102鋁合金作為基體,使用陽(yáng)極氧化法在鋁合金表面構(gòu)建微納米雙重結(jié)構(gòu),并使用一步修飾法在陽(yáng)極氧化鋁合金表面制備p H響應(yīng)超疏水表面,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了不同陽(yáng)極氧化參數(shù)下的表面結(jié)構(gòu)特征,系統(tǒng)分析了不同濃度比例的修飾溶液對(duì)表面p H響應(yīng)性的影響,揭示了實(shí)現(xiàn)p H響應(yīng)的機(jī)理。在系統(tǒng)分析修飾溶液對(duì)表面p H響應(yīng)性影響的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)陽(yáng)極氧化鋁合金完全使用低表面能物質(zhì)正十二烷基硫醇修飾,制備低粘附超疏水鋁合金表面,系統(tǒng)分析表面的潤(rùn)濕性和耐腐蝕性,揭示超疏水表面對(duì)提高鋁合金耐腐蝕性的機(jī)理。采取陽(yáng)極氧化的方法在鋁合金表面構(gòu)建微納米粗糙結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)陽(yáng)極氧化鋁合金進(jìn)行噴金處理,隨后使用正十二烷基硫醇和十一疏基硫醇的混合乙醇溶液進(jìn)行修飾,成功制備了具有p H響應(yīng)的超疏水表面,該表面在液滴的p H值從7增加到12的過(guò)程中可以實(shí)現(xiàn)超疏水到超親水之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。電壓20V,陽(yáng)極氧化時(shí)間120min,電解液溶度為40ml乙醇溶液中含5ml 0.1mol/L的硝酸鋁水溶液時(shí),為使用陽(yáng)極氧化法在鋁合金表面構(gòu)建微納米結(jié)構(gòu)雙重結(jié)構(gòu)最佳的工藝條件。正十二烷基硫醇和十一疏基硫醇的濃度之和為1m M/L,正十二烷基硫醇和十一疏基硫醇的比例為3:7時(shí),為最佳的修飾溶液濃度。通過(guò)掃面電鏡觀察以及光電子能譜、紅外光譜分析,p H響應(yīng)超疏水表面是表面微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和表面化學(xué)成分協(xié)同作用實(shí)現(xiàn)。將噴金預(yù)處理的鋁合金表面進(jìn)行陽(yáng)極氧化處理,然后用正十二烷基硫醇進(jìn)行修飾,成功制備了具有低粘附、自清潔性的超疏水表面。表面接觸角為162?,滾動(dòng)角接近于~5?。通過(guò)耐腐蝕性測(cè)試,在質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為3.5%的氯化鈉溶液中,超疏水試樣擁有比未處理試樣和僅經(jīng)過(guò)陽(yáng)極氧化的試樣更好的耐腐蝕性。結(jié)合表面自清潔試驗(yàn)、鏡面反射現(xiàn)象和耐腐蝕性測(cè)試,揭示了鋁合金表面耐腐蝕性的提高與超疏水表面的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和表面斥水性有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Inspired by nature, hydrophilic surfaces, hydrophobic surfaces and superhydrophobic surfaces have been extensively and deeply studied. However, inspiration comes from nature rather than staying in nature. In recent years, bionic intelligent function surfaces can be converted between different wettability due to their presence in microfluids, biological detection, Intelligent switching switches and other potential applications have been more scientific exploration. Aluminum and its alloys have been widely used in aircraft manufacturing, automobile and parts manufacturing, construction industry, rail transit and other fields because of their good mechanical properties and cutting and processing properties. Therefore, choosing aluminum alloy as substrate to construct bionic intelligent functional surface can effectively improve the application of aluminum alloy in basic industry. In this paper, 3102 aluminum alloy was chosen as the substrate, and the micro-nano double structure was constructed on the surface of aluminum alloy by anodizing method. The p-H responsive superhydrophobic surface was prepared on the surface of anodized aluminum alloy by one-step modification method. The characteristics of surface structure under different anodic oxidation parameters were systematically summarized. The effects of different concentration of modified solution on the surface pH response were systematically analyzed and the mechanism of realizing pH response was revealed. Based on the systematic analysis of the effect of the modified solution on the surface pH responsiveness, the low adhesion superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface was prepared by modifying the anodized aluminum alloy with n-dodecyl mercaptan, a low surface energy substance. The wettability and corrosion resistance of surface were analyzed systematically, and the mechanism of super hydrophobic surface on improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy was revealed. The surface of aluminum alloy was prepared by anodic oxidation. The surface of aluminum alloy was sprayed with gold, and then modified with mixed ethanol solution of n-dodecyl mercaptan and undecyl mercaptan. The superhydrophobic surface with p-H response was successfully prepared, and the superhydrophobic to super-hydrophilic transition was realized when the pH value of the droplet increased from 7 to 12. When the voltage is 20 V, the anodizing time is 120 min, the solubility of electrolyte is the solution of aluminum nitrate containing 5ml 0.1mol/L in 40ml ethanol solution, the optimum process condition is that the double structure of micro and nano structure is constructed on the surface of aluminum alloy by anodic oxidation method. The sum of the concentration of n-dodecyl mercaptan and undecylmercaptan is 1m m / L, and the ratio of n-dodecyl mercaptan to undecylmercaptan is 3:7, the optimum concentration of modified solution is obtained. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), IR spectra showed that the superhydrophobic surface was formed by the synergistic effect of surface microstructure and surface chemical composition. The surface of aluminum alloy pretreated by spraying gold was anodized and modified with n-dodecyl mercaptan. The super-hydrophobic surface with low adhesion and self-cleanness was successfully prepared. The contact angle of the surface is 162 擄and the rolling angle is close to 5%. The corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic samples in 3.5% NaCl solution was better than that of untreated and anodized samples. Combined with surface self-cleaning test, mirror reflection phenomenon and corrosion resistance test, it is revealed that the improvement of corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy surface is related to the microstructure of superhydrophobic surface and surface water repellency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG174.4

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