【摘要】：大功率電子束焊機(jī)高壓電源是給電子束焊機(jī)提供電能的裝置。當(dāng)電子槍中的陰極燈絲加熱到一定溫度時會產(chǎn)生電子,電子在高壓電場中被加速至光速或接近光速,散射的電子通過電磁透鏡聚焦后,形成能量密度超高的電子束,當(dāng)電子束轟擊焊件表面時,電子的強(qiáng)大動能瞬間轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崮?使金屬熔融,待冷卻后自然凝固,達(dá)到焊接的目的。大功率高頻高壓油箱作為電子束焊機(jī)高壓電源的核心組成部分,其主要由高頻高壓變壓器、高壓整流電路、高壓采樣電路、高壓濾波電路組成。油箱在設(shè)計的過程中需要考慮很多因素,涉及到各個方面的學(xué)科知識。首先機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)方面的設(shè)計決定了整個油箱體積的尺寸大小,同時也直接影響著油箱中各個部分如何固定和支撐。其次每個部分的材料選型不僅需要考慮機(jī)械強(qiáng)度問題,而且也要明確油箱中的絕緣問題。絕緣問題是油箱設(shè)計過程中的難點(diǎn)之一,絕緣是整個油箱能夠穩(wěn)定正常工作的前提,各部分之間的絕緣距離和絕緣材料的選取對絕緣都有非常大的影響。所以這些難點(diǎn)之間又是相互影響、相互制約的。本文對油箱中的絕緣技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究后,接下來又對油箱中高頻高壓變壓器的分布參數(shù)、溫度等方面進(jìn)行了理論公式的推導(dǎo)。利用Ansoft Maxwell 16仿真軟件對高頻高壓變壓器進(jìn)行建模仿真,首先建立高頻高壓變壓器的2D和3D模型,接著根據(jù)所要分析的參數(shù)選擇不同的場求解器,使用ANSYS Workbench 15.0仿真軟件對高頻高壓變壓器進(jìn)行溫度仿真,最后采用Ansoft Maxwell 16軟件自帶的Ansoft Maxwell Circuit Editor功能對高頻高壓油箱中的整體電路進(jìn)行仿真分析,證明了仿真結(jié)果對油箱的設(shè)計具有指導(dǎo)意義。利用LCR電橋測量高頻高壓變壓器的漏感值,用阻抗分析儀測量高頻高壓變壓器的分布電容值。最后與理論計算結(jié)果、仿真值進(jìn)行對比,準(zhǔn)確計算出了高頻高壓變壓器的分布參數(shù)值。最后通過Solidworks機(jī)械軟件對油箱內(nèi)部和整體的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計,制作出了一臺大功率高頻高壓油箱樣機(jī),并應(yīng)用在電子束焊機(jī)焊接實(shí)驗(yàn)中。
[Abstract]:High-voltage power supply for high-power electron beam welder is a device for supplying electric energy to electron beam welding machine. When the cathode filament in the electron gun is heated to a certain temperature, electrons will be produced. The electrons will be accelerated to the speed of light or near the speed of light in a high voltage electric field, and the scattered electrons will be focused through an electromagnetic lens to form an ultra-high energy density electron beam. When the electron beam bombardes the surface of the welded piece, the strong kinetic energy of the electron is transformed into heat energy in an instant, which melts the metal and solidifies naturally after cooling, so that the purpose of welding is achieved. As the core part of high voltage power supply for electron beam welder, high power high frequency and high voltage oil tank is mainly composed of high frequency and high voltage transformer, high voltage rectifier circuit, high voltage sampling circuit and high voltage filter circuit. There are many factors to be taken into account in the design of fuel tank. First, the design of mechanical mechanism determines the size of the whole tank volume, and also directly affects how the various parts of the tank are fixed and supported. Secondly, the material selection of each part should not only consider the mechanical strength, but also clarify the insulation problem in the fuel tank. Insulation is one of the most difficult problems in the design of oil tank. Insulation is the precondition for the whole tank to work stably and normally. The insulation distance between different parts and the selection of insulating materials have a great influence on the insulation. So these difficulties affect each other and restrict each other. After the study of insulation technology in oil tank, the distribution parameters and temperature of high frequency and high voltage transformer in oil tank are deduced. Using Ansoft Maxwell 16 software to model and simulate the high-frequency high-voltage transformer, the 2D and 3D models of the high-frequency high-voltage transformer are first established, and then different field solvers are selected according to the parameters to be analyzed. The temperature of high frequency high voltage transformer is simulated by ANSYS Workbench 15.0. Finally, the whole circuit of high frequency high voltage oil tank is simulated and analyzed by Ansoft Maxwell Circuit Editor function of Ansoft Maxwell 16 software. It is proved that the simulation results are instructive to the design of fuel tank. The leakage inductance of high frequency high voltage transformer is measured by LCR bridge and the distribution capacitance of high frequency high voltage transformer is measured by impedance analyzer. Finally, the distribution parameters of high frequency high voltage transformer are calculated by comparing with the theoretical calculation results and the simulation results. Finally, the internal and integral structure of the fuel tank is optimized by Solidworks mechanical software, and a high-power high-frequency and high-pressure oil tank prototype is made and applied in the welding experiment of the electron beam welding machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG439.3

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