本文選題：Pb-Mg-10Al-0.5B + 合金　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：面對日益增長的能源需求與能源結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,大力發(fā)展綠色清潔能源是建立環(huán)境友好型社會和實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟持續(xù)發(fā)展的必然選擇。核反應(yīng)堆的安全運行需要有效的核屏蔽材料作為保障,具有X射線,γ射線和中子輻射綜合屏蔽材料的研制一直被作為重要科研課題受到各國重視。在Pb-Mg-Al-B系列合金中Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金具有優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能以及屏蔽性能,其抗拉強度達到116MPa,對X射線的屏蔽率達到90%以上,對γ射線屏蔽率達到49%以上,對中子的屏蔽率達到90%以上。此外,Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金的具有較小的平均腐蝕速度和腐蝕電流。但是由于該屏蔽材料存在大量的硬脆的低熔點金屬間化合物,導(dǎo)致其塑性加工成形能力較差,嚴(yán)重制約了該屏蔽材料的推廣和應(yīng)用。為了探究Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金的塑性變形理論和指導(dǎo)其熱加工成形研究,本文利用Gleeble-3500D熱模擬實驗機對Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金的高溫流變行為進行了研究。利用線性擬合分析方法,研究了合金的高溫塑性變形過程中的流變應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變、應(yīng)變速率和溫度的相互關(guān)系,建立了該屏蔽材料的流變應(yīng)力本構(gòu)模型;借助基于動態(tài)材料模型和Prasad失穩(wěn)判據(jù)建立熱加工圖,結(jié)合微觀組織,獲得最佳工藝參數(shù),同時還探討了發(fā)生動態(tài)再結(jié)晶的臨界條件;將流變應(yīng)力數(shù)據(jù)和材料熱物性參數(shù)耦合到MSC.Marc軟件中,模擬了該屏蔽材料在熱擠壓過程中的應(yīng)力分布、應(yīng)變分布和溫度分布,并研究分析了擠壓條件對擠壓過程的影響。結(jié)果表明:1.Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線表明合金具有明顯的動態(tài)再結(jié)晶特征:壓縮初始階段,隨著應(yīng)變的增加,流變應(yīng)力急劇增加達到峰值,隨后緩慢下降直到穩(wěn)態(tài)。應(yīng)變速率一定時,流變應(yīng)力隨變形溫度的升高而降低;變形溫度一定時,流變應(yīng)力隨應(yīng)變速率的增大而增大。2.根據(jù)雙曲正弦模型,建立了 Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金峰值應(yīng)力本構(gòu)模型,并且考慮到應(yīng)變量可能對本構(gòu)模型的影響,建立了應(yīng)變量對方程參數(shù)的五次對應(yīng)多項式,將應(yīng)變量耦合入材料的高溫變形本構(gòu)模型,通過三種方法驗證其準(zhǔn)確性,其結(jié)果都能說明該模型具有很好的預(yù)測效果。3.通過Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B合金的硬化率-應(yīng)力曲線和硬化率-應(yīng)變曲線得到該
[Abstract]:Facing the increasing demand for energy and the adjustment of energy structure, developing green clean energy is an inevitable choice to establish an environment-friendly society and achieve sustained economic development. The safe operation of nuclear reactors requires effective nuclear shielding materials as a guarantee, and the development of X ray, gamma ray and neutron radiation comprehensive shielding materials has been developed. In Pb-Mg-Al-B series alloy, the Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy has excellent mechanical properties and shielding properties, its tensile strength reaches 116MPa, the shielding rate of X ray is above 90%, the shielding rate of gamma ray is above 49%, and the shielding rate of neutron is above 90%. In addition, Pb-Mg-10A1-0 The.5B alloy has a small average corrosion rate and corrosion current. However, because the shielding material has a large number of hard and brittle low melting point intermetallic compounds, it causes poor plastic forming ability, which seriously restricts the popularization and application of the shielding material. In order to explore the plastic deformation theory of Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy and guide its heat. In this paper, the rheological behavior of Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy at high temperature was studied by Gleeble-3500D thermal simulation test machine. The relationship between the rheological stress, strain, strain rate and temperature in the high temperature plastic deformation process of the alloy was studied by using the linear fitting method. The rheological stress of the shielding material was established. The constitutive model, a thermal processing diagram based on dynamic material model and Prasad instability criterion, is established to obtain the best process parameters combined with microstructures. At the same time, the critical conditions for the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization are also discussed. The rheological stress data and material thermal properties are coupled to the MSC.Marc software, and the shielding material is simulated during the hot extrusion process. The stress distribution, strain distribution and temperature distribution, and the influence of extrusion conditions on the extrusion process are studied and analyzed. The results show that the stress strain curve of 1.Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy shows that the alloy has obvious dynamic recrystallization characteristics: the initial stage of compression, with the increase of strain, the rapid increase of the rheological stress to the peak, and then slow down. Down to steady state. When the strain rate is certain, the rheological stress decreases with the increase of the deformation temperature. When the deformation temperature is certain, the rheological stress increases with the increase of the strain rate and increases.2. according to the hyperbolic sinusoidal model. The peak stress constitutive model of the Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy is established, and the influence of the strain on the constitutive model is considered, and the effect of the strain on the constitutive model is considered. The five times corresponding polynomial of the equation parameters is applied to the equation, and the strain is coupled into the high temperature deformation constitutive model of the material. The accuracy of the model is verified by three methods. The results all show that the model has a good prediction effect.3. through the hardening rate stress curve and the hardening rate strain curve of the Pb-Mg-10A1-0.5B alloy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG146.12

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