本文選題：耐熱鋁合金 + 熱處理　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文采用砂型低壓鑄造的方法,澆注出不同壁厚和不同冷鐵條件下凝固的耐熱鋁銅合金鑄件,在此基礎(chǔ)上利用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法對(duì)合金熱處理參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,并研究了不同壁厚和冷鐵條件對(duì)合金組織和性能的影響。根據(jù)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析,三個(gè)熱處理參數(shù)中,時(shí)效溫度對(duì)耐熱鋁銅合金性能的影響最大,時(shí)效時(shí)間對(duì)合金室溫抗拉強(qiáng)度影響最小,但其對(duì)合金高溫抗拉強(qiáng)度的影響較大,固溶時(shí)間對(duì)合金的高溫性能影響最小。綜合考慮,本文最終確定Al-5.0Cu-1.5Ni-0.35Mn-0.35Co-0.25Sb-0.22Ti-0.22Zr合金最佳的熱處理工藝參數(shù)為為固溶溫度535℃,固溶時(shí)間10h,80℃水溫淬火,時(shí)效溫度190℃,時(shí)效時(shí)間14h。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)正交優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明經(jīng)最優(yōu)熱處理參數(shù)處理后的合金室溫性能和高溫性能均達(dá)到最高值,室溫拉伸抗拉強(qiáng)度為319.39MPa,屈服強(qiáng)度201.53MPa,延伸率8.52%;300℃高溫抗拉強(qiáng)度為151.19MPa,屈服強(qiáng)度為129.03MPa,延伸率為16.66%,證明正交實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果是可信的。研究了不同壁厚對(duì)耐熱鋁銅合金鑄件組織和性能的影響,結(jié)果表明:在鑄態(tài)下,隨著壁厚的增加,合金組織中第二相的百分含量減少,晶粒粗化,且第二相分布不均,聚集現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重;鑄件的硬度、抗拉強(qiáng)度和屈服強(qiáng)度均會(huì)隨著壁厚的增加而下降,而延伸率會(huì)有所提升。熱處理后,隨著壁厚的減小,鑄件組織得到改善,砂型20mm厚鑄件室溫抗拉強(qiáng)度為271.55MPa,300℃高溫抗拉強(qiáng)度為136.30MPa,而砂型10mm厚鑄件室溫抗拉強(qiáng)度為286.46MPa,300℃高溫抗拉強(qiáng)度為138.92MPa,力學(xué)性能均有所提高。研究了不同冷鐵條件對(duì)耐熱鋁銅合金鑄件組織和性能的影響,結(jié)果表明:冷鐵的使用增加了鑄件的冷卻速度,對(duì)鑄件鑄態(tài)組織的細(xì)化效果較壁厚而言更為明顯,采用冷鐵能夠使鑄件析出更多的第二相,并且經(jīng)熱處理后第二相分布的更彌散,對(duì)鑄件性能有較好的改善作用。對(duì)比熱處理前后組織,發(fā)現(xiàn)熱處理后組織中的第二相百分含量明顯減少,部分已經(jīng)溶入基體中,基體內(nèi)部的元素偏析也基本消除。熱處理后的晶界要比鑄態(tài)的晶界窄,且不連續(xù),但仍呈網(wǎng)狀或骨骼狀分布著,分布更加彌散;熱處理后的晶粒明顯粗化。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the heat resistant aluminum copper alloy castings with different wall thickness and different cold iron conditions were cast by sand mould low pressure casting. On this basis, the heat treatment parameters of the alloy were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The effects of different wall thickness and cold iron conditions on the microstructure and properties of the alloy were studied. Of the three heat treatment parameters, aging temperature has the greatest influence on the properties of heat-resistant aluminum and copper alloy, and aging time has the least effect on the tensile strength of the alloy at room temperature, but it has great influence on the tensile strength of the alloy at high temperature, and the time of solid solution has the smallest effect on the high temperature properties of the alloy. In this paper, the Al-5.0Cu-1.5Ni-0.35Mn-0.35Co-0.25Sb-0. is finally determined. The optimum heat treatment parameters of 22Ti-0.22Zr alloy are 535 C solid solution temperature, solid solution time 10h, 80 C water temperature quenching, aging temperature 190 C. Aging time 14h. is verified by the orthogonal optimization results. The results show that the temperature properties and high temperature properties of the alloy after the optimum heat treatment parameters reach the highest value and tensile at room temperature. The tensile strength is 319.39MPa, the yield strength is 201.53MPa, the elongation is 8.52%, the tensile strength of high temperature is 151.19MPa at 300 C, the yield strength is 129.03MPa, the elongation is 16.66%. The results of orthogonal experiment are credible. The effect of different wall thickness on the microstructure and property of the heat resistant aluminum copper alloy casting is studied. The result shows that the wall thickness is in the cast state. In addition, the content of the second phase in the alloy microstructure is reduced, the grain size is coarsened, and the distribution of the second phase is uneven, and the aggregation phenomenon is serious. The hardness, tensile strength and yield strength of the castings will all decrease with the increase of wall thickness, and the elongation will be improved. After heat treatment, the structure of castings is improved with the decrease of wall thickness, and the sand type 20mm thick castings are made. The tensile strength of room temperature is 271.55MPa, the tensile strength of 300 C is 136.30MPa, while the tensile strength of the sand type 10mm thick castings is 286.46MPa, the tensile strength at 300 C is 138.92MPa, and the mechanical properties are improved. The effect of different cold iron conditions on the microstructure and properties of the heat-resistant aluminum copper alloy castings is studied. The results show that the use of cold iron is increased. The cooling rate of castings is more obvious to the casting structure of the castings than the wall thickness. The use of cold iron can precipitate more secondary phases of the castings, and the distribution of the second phase after heat treatment is more dispersed and improves the performance of the castings. The content of the fraction is obviously reduced and the part has been dissolved in the matrix, and the segregation of elements inside the matrix is basically eliminated. The grain boundary after heat treatment is narrower and discontinuous than the cast grain boundary, but it is still distributed in the net or skeleton, and the distribution is more diffuse, and the grain after heat treatment is obviously coarse-grained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG249.2;TG166.3

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