本文選題：7075鋁合金 + 蠕變時(shí)效成形��； 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在航空航天制造領(lǐng)域中,整體高筋壁板因其優(yōu)異的輕量化結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)取代傳統(tǒng)的鉚接方式具備良好的應(yīng)用前景。而經(jīng)過加工而成的整體高筋壁板因其復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu),運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)成形工藝對(duì)成形效果比較難以控制,蠕變時(shí)效成形技術(shù)(CAF)作為一種全新的成形工藝,對(duì)大型整體高筋壁板成形具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。但是,運(yùn)用蠕變時(shí)效工藝對(duì)高筋壁板進(jìn)行成形,它的成形將會(huì)受到時(shí)效工藝參數(shù)與高筋壁板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的共同影響。所以研究高筋壁板結(jié)構(gòu)件在蠕變時(shí)效下的成形過程,總結(jié)出高筋壁板在蠕變時(shí)效下的成形規(guī)律就顯得很有必要,繼而能為高筋類零件的低成本生產(chǎn)制造提供一定的理論基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)際指導(dǎo)。本文以7075鋁合金高筋壁板典型結(jié)構(gòu)件為研究對(duì)象,首先,針對(duì)高筋壁板的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了導(dǎo)柱式工裝模具,利用DK7650慢走絲線切割機(jī)床制備了7075鋁合金高筋壁板典型結(jié)構(gòu)件;通過正交試驗(yàn)研究時(shí)效時(shí)間、時(shí)效溫度、筋條高度以及筋條厚度對(duì)工件成形質(zhì)量的影響,利用數(shù)學(xué)分析方法得出了時(shí)效與結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)7075高筋壁板時(shí)效成形回彈的影響程度;并通過試驗(yàn)研究得出主要影響因素時(shí)效時(shí)間、筋條高度、筋條厚度對(duì)工件成形回彈的規(guī)律,針對(duì)試驗(yàn)中工件出現(xiàn)的筋條失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象,研究得出了筋條高厚比H/t(筋條高度/筋條厚度)對(duì)工件失穩(wěn)的規(guī)律。其次,對(duì)7075鋁合金板材進(jìn)行單軸拉伸試驗(yàn),根據(jù)得出的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),推導(dǎo)出基于時(shí)效強(qiáng)化模型的材料本構(gòu)方程,把本構(gòu)方程的擬合曲線與試驗(yàn)曲線對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者誤差在試驗(yàn)允許范圍之內(nèi),證明了本構(gòu)模型的準(zhǔn)確性;之后運(yùn)用有限元軟件ABAQUS平臺(tái),建立了7075鋁合金高筋壁板蠕變時(shí)效成形有限元模型,并通過與試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了有限元模型的準(zhǔn)確性。最后,利用已建立的7075鋁合金高筋壁板蠕變時(shí)效成形有限元分析模型,對(duì)成形過程中影響工件回彈和失穩(wěn)的其它因素進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究,通過模擬時(shí)效時(shí)間、加載壓力、預(yù)加載模具半徑、板材厚度以及板材寬度對(duì)工件成形回彈影響,得出了回彈率隨各因素變化的影響規(guī)律,同時(shí)針對(duì)筋條在試驗(yàn)中出現(xiàn)的失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象,以最大側(cè)向位移為筋條失穩(wěn)的宏觀表現(xiàn),模擬了筋條高厚比H/t(筋條高度/筋條厚度)、工件寬厚比B/t(筋板寬度/筋條厚度)以及工件的相對(duì)厚度t/l(筋條厚度/彎曲支撐點(diǎn)間距)對(duì)工件失穩(wěn)的影響,得出了筋條最大側(cè)向位移隨各比值變化的影響規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:In the field of aerospace manufacturing, the integral high-stiffened wall plate has a good application prospect because of its excellent lightweight structure to replace the traditional riveting method. Because of its complex structure, it is difficult to control the forming effect by the traditional forming technology. The creep aging forming technology is a new forming process. It has obvious advantages to the forming of large whole high-stiffened wall plate. However, the creep aging process is used to form the high stiffened wall plate, and its forming will be affected by both the aging process parameters and the structural parameters of the high stiffened wall plate. Therefore, it is necessary to study the forming process of high stiffened wall structure under creep aging, and summarize the forming law of high stiffened wall under creep aging. Then it can provide some theoretical basis and practical guidance for low-cost manufacturing of high-stiffened parts. In this paper, the typical structural parts of 7075 aluminum alloy panel with high reinforcement are studied. Firstly, according to the structural characteristics of the high stiffened panel, the guide column tooling is designed, and the typical structural part of 7075 aluminum alloy high stiffened wall plate is fabricated by DK7650 slow wire cutting machine. The effects of aging time, aging temperature, bar height and thickness on the forming quality of workpiece were studied by orthogonal test. The influence of aging and structural parameters on the springback of 7075 high stiffened wall sheet was obtained by mathematical analysis. The main influencing factors, such as aging time, bar height and thickness of steel bar, are found to be the main factors influencing the springback of workpiece forming. The effect of H / T ratio on the instability of workpiece is studied. Secondly, the uniaxial tensile test of 7075 aluminum alloy sheet is carried out. According to the experimental data, the material constitutive equation based on aging strengthening model is derived, and the fitting curve of the constitutive equation is compared with the test curve. It is found that the errors are within the allowable range of the test, which proves the accuracy of the constitutive model, and then establishes the creep aging forming finite element model of 7075 aluminum alloy plate with high reinforcement by using the finite element software ABAQUS. The accuracy of the finite element model is verified by comparing with the experimental data. Finally, using the established finite element analysis model for creep aging forming of 7075 aluminum alloy plate with high reinforcement, the other factors affecting the springback and instability of the workpiece during the forming process are further studied, and the aging time and loading pressure are simulated. The influence of preloading die radius, plate thickness and plate width on the springback of workpiece forming is obtained. Taking the maximum lateral displacement as the macroscopic performance of the buckling of the bar, The effects of H / T ratio of stiffener height / strip thickness, B / T ratio of workpiece width to thickness and relative thickness of workpiece t / L on the instability of workpiece are simulated. The influence of the maximum lateral displacement of the bar on the ratio is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG146.21;TG166.3

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