本文選題：鎢合金 + 顯微結(jié)構(gòu)��； 參考：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：受控核聚變能被認(rèn)為是一種有望解決未來社會(huì)發(fā)展所面臨的能源危機(jī)的新能源。在受控核聚變能的研究過程中,面向等離子體材料(Plasma Facing Materials,PFMs)的安全穩(wěn)定性及服役壽命是聚變堆能否得到工程應(yīng)用的核心問題之一。鎢因其高熔點(diǎn)、高導(dǎo)熱率、低濺射腐蝕速率、高自濺射閾值以及低蒸氣壓和低的氘滯留等性能,從而被選用為國際熱核聚變實(shí)驗(yàn)堆中的PFMs。然而,純鎢脆性大、韌脆轉(zhuǎn)變溫度高、再結(jié)晶溫度低的缺陷卻嚴(yán)重影響了鎢在聚變堆中的使用。基于以上問題,本文采用兩種不同的工藝路線(高能球磨與放電等離子體燒結(jié)相結(jié)合、高能球磨與傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)燒結(jié)軋制相結(jié)合)制備了顯微結(jié)構(gòu)不同的Y2O3彌散強(qiáng)化鎢合金。由于金屬釔(Y)與氧具有較強(qiáng)的反應(yīng)活性,能在制備過程中轉(zhuǎn)化成高溫穩(wěn)定的Y203粒子。本文采用Y代替Y203作為摻雜劑。為了檢驗(yàn)其是否滿足PFMs的設(shè)計(jì)要求,本文研究和比較了純鎢和Y203彌散強(qiáng)化鎢合金的力學(xué)性能、熱導(dǎo)率、抗熱瞬態(tài)熱沖擊性能和氘離子輻照行為。本文取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)當(dāng)采用高能球磨與傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)燒結(jié)軋制相結(jié)合工藝路線,在鎢中摻雜1wt.%Y,球磨15 h,可以獲得致密度可達(dá)99.3%、彌散相分布均勻、雜質(zhì)含量較少、室溫彎曲強(qiáng)度可達(dá)2153 MPa、470 K表現(xiàn)明顯塑性變形行為的細(xì)晶Y2O3彌散強(qiáng)化鎢合金;(2)制備工藝對(duì)Y2O3彌散強(qiáng)化鎢合金的熱導(dǎo)率、力學(xué)性能、抗瞬態(tài)熱沖擊性能最有非常重要的影響。在鎢中摻雜1wt.%Y后,鎢材料抵抗塑性變形的能力,抑制瞬態(tài)熱沖擊時(shí)鎢晶晶粒長大和表面粗糙度的增加的能力得到明顯的改善;(3)注氘樣品溫度可以顯著影響鎢材料在注氘條件下的起泡和氘滯留行為。在鎢中摻雜1wt.%Y后,鎢材料的起泡行為顯著受到抑制。
[Abstract]:Controlled nuclear conversions are considered to be a promising solution to the energy crisis facing future social development. In the research of controlled nuclear conversions, the safety, stability and service life of plasma-oriented Facing materials are one of the key problems in the engineering application of fusion reactors. Because of its high melting point, high thermal conductivity, low sputtering corrosion rate, high self-sputtering threshold, low vapor pressure and low deuterium retention, tungsten has been selected as PFMsin the international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor. However, the defects of high brittleness, high ductile-brittle transition temperature and low recrystallization temperature have seriously affected the use of tungsten in fusion reactors. Based on the above problems, Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened tungsten alloys with different microstructure were prepared by two different processing routes (high energy ball milling combined with discharge plasma sintering and high energy ball milling combined with traditional industrial sintering rolling). Because of the strong activity of yttrium yttrium and oxygen, Y203 particles can be transformed into stable Y203 particles at high temperature during the preparation process. Y is used as dopant instead of Y 203. In order to test whether the Tungsten alloy meets the design requirements of PFMs, the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, thermal transient thermal shock resistance and deuterium irradiation behavior of pure tungsten alloy and Y203 dispersion-strengthened tungsten alloy are studied and compared. The main research results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) when high energy ball milling is combined with traditional industrial sintering rolling, doping 1wt.Y in tungsten for 15 h, the density can reach 99.3, the dispersion phase distribution is uniform, and the impurity content is less. The preparation process of fine-grained Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened tungsten alloy with room temperature bending strength up to 2153 MPA ~ 470K has the most important influence on the thermal conductivity, mechanical properties and transient thermal shock resistance of Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened tungsten alloy. After doping with 1wt.%Y in tungsten, tungsten materials have the ability to resist plastic deformation. The ability to suppress the growth of tungsten crystal grain and increase of surface roughness during transient thermal shock is obviously improved) the temperature of deuterium implanted sample can significantly affect the foaming and deuterium retention behavior of tungsten materials under deuterium implantation. The foaming behavior of tungsten doped with 1wt.%Y was significantly inhibited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TL627;TG146.411

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