本文選題：關(guān)鍵零部件　切入點(diǎn)：油墊　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了滿足高精、重載的加工要求,靜壓回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。提高靜壓回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)的剛性、回轉(zhuǎn)精度、加工效率以及承載能力,對(duì)制造業(yè)有著巨大意義。本文通過(guò)對(duì)工作臺(tái)的油墊、傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)、臺(tái)面等關(guān)鍵零部件以及靜壓供油系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究,以提高工作臺(tái)的加工精度。以扇形油墊為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析,得到油墊最大變形量遠(yuǎn)小于油膜厚度設(shè)計(jì)值;對(duì)其進(jìn)行流場(chǎng)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)油腔內(nèi)有明顯的渦流產(chǎn)生,嚴(yán)重影響油膜的承載能力。進(jìn)而改變油腔的深度、形狀,對(duì)比分析流場(chǎng)特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)狹窄油腔能明顯減小渦流的產(chǎn)生,基于這一理論,將油墊的原扇形油腔改為日字形油腔,減少了渦流的產(chǎn)生,提高了油膜的承載能力。探討靜壓工作臺(tái)定量式供油和定壓式供油的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)出一種改進(jìn)的恒流靜壓供油系統(tǒng),以滿足在不同載荷下,始終保持油膜厚度恒定的設(shè)計(jì)要求。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)不同的傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu),為減小傳動(dòng)鏈長(zhǎng)度,提高傳動(dòng)精度,設(shè)計(jì)了使用蝸輪蝸桿的傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)。針對(duì)蝸輪蝸桿副存在側(cè)隙的情況,設(shè)計(jì)出一種消隙阻尼可自適應(yīng)調(diào)整的雙蝸輪蝸桿傳動(dòng)消隙機(jī)構(gòu),以保證回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)在工作時(shí)的平穩(wěn)性和高精度。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有的工作臺(tái)臺(tái)面,對(duì)其進(jìn)行靜、動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析,得到其承載能力和動(dòng)態(tài)性能�；诠ぷ髋_(tái)臺(tái)面的靜動(dòng)態(tài)性能情況,以減輕其質(zhì)量為目標(biāo)函數(shù),對(duì)其進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)滿足工作時(shí)所需的動(dòng)、靜剛度要求,質(zhì)量減輕3.8%。在宜昌長(zhǎng)機(jī)科技組裝車間,在已裝配好的工作臺(tái)上,利用試驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分析裝置,對(duì)優(yōu)化后的工作臺(tái)臺(tái)面進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分析,將實(shí)驗(yàn)所得結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,證明采用有限元仿真的方法進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)是可行的,模型的精度合理。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the requirements of high precision and heavy load processing, hydrostatic rotary table is more and more widely used.It is of great significance for manufacturing industry to improve the rigidity, precision, machining efficiency and bearing capacity of the hydrostatic rotary table.In this paper, the oil cushion, transmission mechanism, table surface and hydrostatic oil supply system of the worktable are optimized to improve the machining accuracy of the table.Taking the fan oil cushion as the research object, the maximum deformation of the oil cushion is far less than the design value of the oil film thickness, and the flow field analysis shows that there is obvious eddy current generation in the oil chamber, which seriously affects the bearing capacity of the oil film.Then the depth and shape of the oil chamber are changed, and the characteristics of the flow field are compared and analyzed. It is found that the narrow oil chamber can obviously reduce the eddy current generation. Based on this theory, the original fan oil cavity of the oil cushion is changed into the Japanese shape oil cavity, which reduces the eddy current generation.The bearing capacity of oil film is improved.This paper discusses the merits and demerits of the quantitative and constant pressure oil supply on the hydrostatic table, and designs an improved constant flow hydrostatic oil supply system to meet the design requirements of keeping the oil film thickness constant under different loads.In order to reduce the length of transmission chain and improve transmission precision, a transmission mechanism with worm gear and worm is designed by comparing and analyzing the different transmission mechanisms of rotary table.In order to ensure the stability and high accuracy of the rotary table, a kind of double worm drive clearance eliminating mechanism which can adjust the clearance damping adaptively is designed in view of the existence of side gap in the worm gear and worm gear pair of worm gear.The static and dynamic characteristics of the existing table are analyzed, and its bearing capacity and dynamic performance are obtained.Based on the static and dynamic performance of the table, the structure is optimized to reduce the mass of the table. The optimized structure meets the requirement of dynamic and static stiffness, and the mass is reduced by 3.8%.In Yichang long machine science and technology assembly workshop, the experimental modal analysis of the optimized table table is carried out by using the experimental modal analysis device on the assembled worktable, and the experimental results are compared with the simulation results.It is proved that the finite element simulation method is feasible and the precision of the model is reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG502.3

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