本文選題：陰極保護(hù)　切入點(diǎn)：Q235碳鋼　出處：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鋼鐵材料因其低廉的價(jià)格及優(yōu)良的性能而被廣泛應(yīng)用于海洋構(gòu)筑物中,但易發(fā)生腐蝕,這將導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果和巨大的損失�，F(xiàn)常用防腐技術(shù)主要包括防腐涂層和陰極保護(hù),在實(shí)施陰極保護(hù)的過(guò)程中,材料表面形成一層鈣質(zhì)層,對(duì)溶解氧形成一道擴(kuò)散阻擋層,增加對(duì)金屬的保護(hù)效果。然而海洋中還存在大量的污損生物,鋼結(jié)構(gòu)表面的鈣質(zhì)沉積層不可避免的會(huì)受到污損生物的影響,同時(shí)鈣質(zhì)層也會(huì)對(duì)污損生物在材料表面的附著產(chǎn)生影響�，F(xiàn)今,海洋生物對(duì)陰極保護(hù)的效率的影響已經(jīng)被廣泛研究,但是生物和鈣質(zhì)層間的相互關(guān)系卻很少有研究。因此通過(guò)此次研究,旨在進(jìn)一步深入了解陰極保護(hù)鈣質(zhì)層與微生物附著之間的相互作用,探討Q235碳鋼表面沉積鈣質(zhì)層后在微藻環(huán)境中的腐蝕行為,為海洋金屬保護(hù)提供理論基礎(chǔ)。本文在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,采用恒電流極化法在Q235碳鋼表面沉積一層鈣質(zhì)層,并與Q235裸鋼相比較,通過(guò)熒光顯微技術(shù)研究鈣質(zhì)層對(duì)微藻附著的影響,表面分析技術(shù)和電化學(xué)測(cè)試技術(shù)研究?jī)烧咴诤Ｋ泻臀⒃瀛h(huán)境下的腐蝕行為。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中采用恒電流極化法在Q235碳鋼表面沉積鈣質(zhì)層,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在-30μA/cm2條件下沉積72h得到的鈣質(zhì)層晶體顆粒小且致密,均勻覆蓋在基體表面,通過(guò)電化學(xué)測(cè)試得到此時(shí)的鈣質(zhì)層對(duì)基體材料的保護(hù)效果最好。隨著沉積時(shí)間的增加,電極電位逐漸負(fù)移,72h之后逐漸達(dá)到析氫電位,導(dǎo)致析氫反應(yīng)的發(fā)生,鈣質(zhì)層發(fā)生鼓包開(kāi)裂現(xiàn)象,對(duì)基材保護(hù)作用減弱。熒光顯微實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,微藻在材料表面的附著與固體表面的性質(zhì)、微藻的活性及密度相關(guān)。Q235碳鋼為活性金屬,表面的腐蝕產(chǎn)物不斷更新,不利于微藻的附著;鈣質(zhì)層覆蓋在基體表面相當(dāng)于無(wú)機(jī)涂層,促進(jìn)微藻的附著;且微藻密度和活性高有助于在固體表面的粘附。對(duì)材料的表面腐蝕形貌觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),鈣質(zhì)層與微藻的共同作用可以對(duì)基體材料起到最好的保護(hù)效果,試樣表面劃痕清晰,只有輕微的腐蝕;而鈣質(zhì)層在海水中的保護(hù)效果不明顯,Q235碳鋼在微藻環(huán)境,試樣表面出現(xiàn)大的腐蝕坑洞。微藻主要通過(guò)改變環(huán)境中溶解氧的含量來(lái)影響金屬的電化學(xué)行為,其主要特征為:金屬在含藻體系中的開(kāi)路電位隨浸泡時(shí)間的變化與光照有關(guān),在有光照條件下,金屬的開(kāi)路電位隨光照時(shí)間的增加而逐漸負(fù)移,在無(wú)光照時(shí)隨著時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)開(kāi)路電位正移,表現(xiàn)出與光照有關(guān)的振蕩關(guān)系。研究Q235碳鋼和鈣質(zhì)層試樣在微藻環(huán)境中的腐蝕行為,在含藻體系中微藻的光合作用使溶液中氧氣含量升高,陰極氧去極化作用增強(qiáng),使材料的腐蝕速率升高。鈣質(zhì)層試樣在無(wú)藻環(huán)境中,鈣質(zhì)層的不均勻性形成氧濃差電池,加速腐蝕速度,造成材料的局部腐蝕。鈣質(zhì)層與生物膜共同形成的復(fù)合膜結(jié)構(gòu)較為致密且與基體的結(jié)合力好,能夠抑制電荷的傳遞和氧氣向基體表面擴(kuò)散,抑制金屬的腐蝕。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel materials are widely used in marine structures because of their low price and excellent performance, but they are prone to corrosion, which will lead to serious consequences and huge losses. At present, the common anticorrosive technologies mainly include anticorrosive coatings and cathodic protection. In the process of cathodic protection, a layer of calcium is formed on the surface of the material, and a diffusion barrier layer is formed on the dissolved oxygen. Calcium deposits on steel structures will inevitably be affected by fouling organisms, and calcium layers will also have an impact on the adhesion of fouling organisms on the surface of materials. The effects of marine life on the efficiency of cathodic protection have been extensively studied, but little has been done on the relationship between biological and calcium layers. In order to further understand the interaction between cathodic protection calcareous layer and microbial adhesion, the corrosion behavior of Q235 carbon steel after deposition of calcium layer in microalgae environment was discussed. In this paper, a layer of calcium layer was deposited on the surface of Q235 carbon steel by constant current polarization method under laboratory conditions, and compared with that of Q235 bare steel, the effect of calcium layer on the adhesion of microalgae was studied by fluorescence microscopy. Surface analysis and electrochemical measurement techniques were used to study the corrosion behavior of both in seawater and microalgae environment. The calcareous layer was deposited on Q235 carbon steel by constant current polarization method in laboratory. The crystals of calcareous layer deposited at -30 渭 A/cm2 for 72 hours were small and compact, and they were uniformly covered on the substrate surface. The results of electrochemical test showed that the calcium layer had the best protective effect on the matrix material with the increase of deposition time. The electrode potential gradually reached the hydrogen evolution potential after 72 hours of negative shift, which led to the occurrence of hydrogen evolution reaction, the formation of bulging cracking in the calcium layer, and the weakening of the protective effect on the substrate. The adhesion of microalgae on the surface of the material is related to the properties of the solid surface. The activity and density of microalgae. Q235 carbon steel is the active metal, the corrosion products on the surface are constantly updated, which is not conducive to the adhesion of microalgae, and the calcium coating is equivalent to inorganic coating on the substrate. The high density and activity of microalgae contribute to the adhesion on the solid surface. The surface corrosion morphology of the material shows that the interaction of the calcium layer and the microalgae can provide the best protective effect on the matrix material. The scratch on the surface of the specimen was clear and only slightly corroded, while the protective effect of the calcareous layer in the seawater was not obvious compared with that of the Q235 carbon steel in the microalgae environment. There are large corrosion holes on the surface of the sample. Microalgae affect the electrochemical behavior of metal mainly by changing the content of dissolved oxygen in the environment. Its main characteristics are that the open circuit potential of metal in the algae-containing system changes with the immersion time and is related to the light. Under the condition of light, the open circuit potential of the metal gradually shifted negatively with the increase of the illumination time, and the open circuit potential shifted positively with the prolongation of the time when there was no light. The corrosion behavior of Q235 carbon steel and calcareous layer samples in microalgae environment was studied. The photosynthesis of microalgae in algae-containing system increased the oxygen content and the cathodic oxygen depolarization in the solution. Increase the corrosion rate of the material. In the algae-free environment, the non-uniformity of the calcareous layer forms oxygen concentration cell, which accelerates the corrosion rate. The composite membrane formed by calcareous layer and biofilm has a compact structure and good adhesion to the substrate, which can inhibit the transfer of charge and the diffusion of oxygen to the surface of the substrate, as well as the corrosion of metals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG172

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