本文選題：等離子　切入點：雙金屬　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：材料-結(jié)構(gòu)-功能一體化的初級仿生雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)可以應(yīng)用于到汽車、船艦、金屬茶杯外殼等,具有非常廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文主要是根據(jù)貝殼等生物材料的珍珠母層結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計出初級仿生的雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu),采用等離子增材制造技術(shù),對初級仿生的雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)的制備技術(shù)進行了研究。仿照貝殼等生物珍珠母層"磚-橋-泥"的微結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計出具有多尺度、強抗沖擊等結(jié)構(gòu)特征的金屬初級仿生結(jié)構(gòu),選取高氮奧氏體鋼作為硬質(zhì)材料,Cr-Ni奧氏體不銹鋼308L作為軟質(zhì)材料。根據(jù)目前常用的增材制造材料和結(jié)構(gòu)特點選擇絲材作為雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)制備的材料物理形態(tài),采用等離子弧作為熱源,根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的特點,制定了三種不同的金屬沉積路徑,1、沿著矩形塊長度方向,即X軸方向;2、沿著長度方向往返,3、層與層之間旋轉(zhuǎn)90°交織成形,即X/Y軸兩個方向。研究結(jié)果表明,根據(jù)設(shè)計的結(jié)構(gòu)以及尺寸要求,得到了合適的焊接參數(shù):焊接電流為:120A,焊接速度為:20cm/min,送絲速度為:0.8m/min。當(dāng)?shù)篱g距為2.5mm時,增材制造構(gòu)建的表面成形良好,堆敷層較為平整,可以繼續(xù)增加堆敷層。對于高氮鋼和不銹鋼多層多道增材制造,層與層之間沿著Z軸旋轉(zhuǎn)0°、90°、180°,對沿X軸所取的樣的拉伸強度的影響較小,且均是韌性斷裂;旋轉(zhuǎn)90°增材制造所得的樣件的沖擊吸收功略小于不旋轉(zhuǎn)和旋轉(zhuǎn)180°的增材制造所得的樣件的沖擊吸收功。但旋轉(zhuǎn)90°之后,能將Y軸方向增加增材制造構(gòu)件的拉伸強度、沖擊吸收功,故選取沿Z軸旋轉(zhuǎn)90°作為層與層之間的堆敷路徑。對于高氮鋼與不銹鋼雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu),由于層與層之間、道與道之間存在著兩種金屬或者同種金屬之間的相互過渡的現(xiàn)象,這使得層與層之間,道與道之間的界面結(jié)合強度有所增加;并導(dǎo)致雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)在微觀角度也存在鑲嵌交織,對于整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,此種現(xiàn)象是有利于使設(shè)計更接近天然生物結(jié)構(gòu),在一定程度上增加雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)的強度和韌性。改變雙金屬交織結(jié)構(gòu)樣件的成分比例,依次減少不銹鋼含量,增加高氮鋼,拉伸強度曲線有兩個峰值,分別是在純高氮鋼與高氮鋼和不銹鋼比例在3:1左右取得;沖擊吸收功曲線也有兩個峰值,分別是在純不銹鋼與高氮鋼和不銹鋼比例在3:1左右取得。
[Abstract]:The primary biomimetic bimetallic interlaced structure with material-structure-function integration can be used in automobile, ship, metal teacup shell and so on, and has a very broad application prospect. This paper is mainly based on the pearl mother layer structure of biological materials such as shells. The primary bionic bimetallic interleaving structure was designed. The preparation technology of the primary bionic bimetallic interleaved structure was studied by using the plasma material increasing technology. The microstructure of the biological pearl parent layer, such as shell, was modeled on the "brick-bridge-mud" structure. A metal primary bionic structure with multi-scale, strong impact resistance and other structural characteristics is designed. High nitrogen austenitic steel was chosen as hard material Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steel 308L as soft material. The plasma arc is used as the heat source. According to the characteristics of the structure design, three different metal deposition paths are developed, which are formed by rotating 90 擄interleaving between the layers along the length direction of the rectangular block, I. e., the X axis direction, the X axis direction, the length direction, and the rotation of 90 擄between the layers. That is, the X / Y axis is in two directions. The results show that according to the design structure and size requirements, the appropriate welding parameters are obtained: the welding current is 1: 120A, the welding speed is 20 cm / min, and the wire feeding speed is: 0.8 m / min. When the spacing is 2.5 mm, For high nitrogen steel and stainless steel, multilayer and multi-channel adding material, the surface is well formed and the stack layer is relatively smooth, which can continue to increase the stacking layer. The rotation of 0 擄~ 90 擄~ (180 擄) along Z axis between layers has little effect on tensile strength of samples taken along X axis, and all of them are ductile fracture. The impact absorption energy of the sample made by rotating 90 擄material is slightly lower than that of the sample made without rotation and 180 擄rotation. However, after 90 擄rotation, the tensile strength of the fabricated member can be increased in the direction of Y axis. Therefore, 90 擄rotation along Z axis is chosen as the stacking path between layers. For high nitrogen steel and stainless steel bimetallic interwoven structure, due to the interlayer between layers, There exists the phenomenon of transition between two metals or the same metal between the trace and the channel, which increases the interfacial bonding between the layers and between the trace and the trace. It also leads to the interleaving of bimetallic interleaved structures in microscopic angle. For the whole structure design, this phenomenon is beneficial to make the design more close to the natural biological structure. To a certain extent, the strength and toughness of bimetallic interwoven structure are increased. By changing the composition ratio of bimetallic interwoven structure, the content of stainless steel is reduced in turn, the content of high nitrogen steel is increased, and the tensile strength curve has two peaks. The ratio of pure high nitrogen steel to high nitrogen steel and stainless steel is about 3: 1, and the impact absorption energy curve has two peak values, respectively, when the ratio of pure stainless steel to high nitrogen steel and stainless steel is about 3: 1.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG66;TB17

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本文編號：1587283