本文選題：熔鋁爐　切入點(diǎn)：煙氣循環(huán)燃燒　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：熔鋁爐是鋁加工制造中最重要的一個(gè)設(shè)備,其熔煉過(guò)程也是耗能最大的一個(gè)工藝環(huán)節(jié)。在國(guó)家倡導(dǎo)節(jié)能減排的政策下,降低熔鋁爐的能耗是鋁加工行業(yè)的一個(gè)重要任務(wù)�；厥杖垆X爐排出煙氣的熱能是節(jié)能最直接的方法,因此如何利用煙氣熱能對(duì)熔鋁爐未來(lái)的節(jié)能發(fā)展具有重大意義。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)有熔鋁爐回收煙氣熱能技術(shù)和裝置的總結(jié)及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)地的考察,提出了將熔鋁爐排出的煙氣與氧氣混合后充當(dāng)助燃?xì)膺M(jìn)入爐膛與燃料燃燒的方法,并且設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)裝置和控制系統(tǒng)。本文使用FLUENT軟件,數(shù)值模擬循環(huán)煙氣與氧氣混合后進(jìn)入爐膛燃燒的穩(wěn)態(tài)場(chǎng),通過(guò)分析數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果得到的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)獲得了設(shè)計(jì)工況下煙氣循環(huán)燃燒數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果;與常溫空氣燃燒、預(yù)熱空氣燃燒相比,煙氣循環(huán)燃燒可減小爐內(nèi)局部高溫,提升爐膛平均溫度,爐內(nèi)溫度分布更均勻。(2)隨著混合氣內(nèi)氧氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的減小,使得混合管道截面上氧氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最大值與最小值的差變大,溫度的最大值與最小值之差也在變大,說(shuō)明煙氣與氧氣混合的均勻性在逐漸變差;同時(shí)隨著混合氣內(nèi)氧氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的減小,爐膛內(nèi)四個(gè)截面上的最高溫度、平均溫度、溫度差也在減小,溫度分布趨于均勻。(3)當(dāng)混合氣內(nèi)氧氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為16%和8%(氧氣分布近似均勻)時(shí),與氧氣分布完全均勻的相比,爐膛內(nèi)溫度分布相差不大;當(dāng)混合氣內(nèi)氧氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為5%(氧氣分布不均勻)時(shí),與氧氣分布完全均勻的相比,爐內(nèi)溫度分布不均勻、平均溫度降低。(4)對(duì)燃料與助燃?xì)鈬娮旆珠_(kāi)和集中兩種進(jìn)氣方式、混合氣速度、混合氣和燃料速度比、助燃?xì)忸A(yù)熱溫度、助燃?xì)馀c燃料雙預(yù)熱溫度進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬及分析;噴嘴集中的進(jìn)氣方式形成更多的旋渦,促進(jìn)爐內(nèi)氣體換熱,爐溫可達(dá)到1397℃C,在爐底溫度分布更加均勻;混合氣的速度為24m/s時(shí),爐膛內(nèi)回流劇烈,爐溫較高;混合氣和燃料的速度比為0.3時(shí),爐溫最高;助燃?xì)忸A(yù)熱溫度越高,爐溫越高;在循環(huán)不同煙氣溫度下,單預(yù)熱與雙預(yù)熱相比,雙預(yù)熱在低溫時(shí)更有優(yōu)勢(shì),單預(yù)熱在高溫時(shí)更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。(5)對(duì)熔鋁爐內(nèi)進(jìn)行熱平衡迭代估算,與前人所做的蓄熱式燃燒熱平衡測(cè)試作為熱平衡迭代計(jì)算方法的驗(yàn)證;結(jié)果表明,各項(xiàng)誤差均在5%以?xún)?nèi);對(duì)比分析蓄熱式燃燒、傳統(tǒng)空氣燃燒、煙氣循環(huán)燃燒三種不同的燃燒方式,結(jié)果表明煙氣循環(huán)燃燒時(shí),每噸鋁料使用天然氣量為80m~3,比蓄熱式燃燒的82m~3和傳統(tǒng)空氣燃燒的110.5m~3更節(jié)能。
[Abstract]:Aluminum melting furnace is one of the most important equipment in the manufacture of aluminum, the melting process is a process of energy consumption in the country. The largest advocate energy-saving emission reduction policies, reduce the energy consumption of aluminum melting furnace is an important task of aluminum processing industry. The recovery of aluminum melting furnace and flue gas heat is the most energy saving method directly, so how to make use of flue gas heat energy is of great significance to the development of energy-saving aluminum melting furnace in the future. Through the review of the existing aluminum melting furnace flue gas heat recovery technology and device summary and field, the paper proposes the method of flue gas and oxygen melting furnace exhaust mixed as auxiliary gas into the furnace and fuel combustion, and the design of the structure and the corresponding control system. This paper use FLUENT software, numerical simulation of steady-state cycle gas mixed with oxygen into the furnace combustion, through the analysis of numerical simulation result. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the design condition of flue gas circulating combustion numerical simulation results; combustion and normal temperature air, air preheating combustion flue gas circulating combustion can be reduced compared to the local high temperature furnace, increasing the average temperature of the boiler, more uniform temperature distribution in the furnace. (2) with the decrease of mass fraction of oxygen in the gas mixture the cross section of the pipeline, the mixed oxygen mass fraction of the maximum and minimum value difference is large, the maximum temperature and the minimum value of the difference is also larger, which means that the smoke mixed with oxygen in the uniformity becomes worse; at the same time, with the decrease of mass fraction of oxygen in the gas mixture, the highest temperature, four section furnace in the average temperature, temperature difference is reduced, the temperature distribution tends to be uniform. (3) when the mass fraction of oxygen mixture in 16% and 8% (approximately uniform distribution of oxygen), compared with the oxygen distribution uniform, the distribution of the temperature in furnace Little difference; when the mass fraction of oxygen mixture in 5% (oxygen distribution), compared with the oxygen distribution uniform, non-uniform temperature distribution in the furnace, the average temperature decreases. (4) of the fuel gas nozzle with the help of separated and concentrated two gas, mixed gas, mixed gas and fuel speed ratio, auxiliary gas preheating temperature, auxiliary gas and fuel preheating temperature are obtained by numerical simulation and analysis of air inlet nozzle; the formation of more concentrated vortex, promote the furnace gas heat, the furnace temperature can reach 1397 DEG C, the bottom temperature distribution is more uniform; the mixture velocity is 24m/s, the furnace high temperature; severe reflux, mixed gas and fuel velocity ratio is 0.3, the highest temperature; auxiliary gas preheating temperature is higher, the higher the temperature; in different flue gas temperature cycle, single preheating compared with double preheating, double preheating more at low temperature, single preheating The advantage in high temperature. (5) thermal equilibrium iteration estimation for aluminum melting furnace, and verified the previous regenerative combustion heat balance test as thermal equilibrium iteration method; the results show that the errors are within 5%; comparative analysis of regenerative combustion, traditional air combustion, flue gas circulating combustion three different combustion modes. Results show that the flue gas circulating combustion, the use of natural gas per ton aluminum material for 80m~3, saving more energy than regenerative combustion 82m~3 and conventional air combustion 110.5m~3.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG232

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