本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超聲振動(dòng) 金屬薄板 粘性介質(zhì) 柔性沖頭 微成形 工藝參數(shù)　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：瞬態(tài)粘性介質(zhì)柔性沖頭金屬薄板超聲微成形工藝是一種新型的微成形工藝。該成形工藝?yán)萌廴谒芰闲纬傻娜嵝詻_頭代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的剛性沖頭,避免了剛性沖頭不易加工及與凹模精確對(duì)中較為困難等缺點(diǎn),同時(shí)該成形工藝將超聲振動(dòng)與粘性介質(zhì)進(jìn)行了有機(jī)的結(jié)合,使得該工藝同時(shí)具備粘性介質(zhì)成形和超聲成形的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。一方面,粘性介質(zhì)柔性沖頭傳遞沖壓力更均勻,能推遲材料頸縮、提高材料成形極限;另一方面,超聲振動(dòng)通過柔性沖頭傳遞到坯料和模具上,減小了坯料與模具之間的摩擦力、降低了坯料的流動(dòng)應(yīng)力。本文在課題組前期工作的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步的研究了超聲微拉深時(shí)工藝參數(shù)對(duì)制件成形性能的影響。本文主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)前期研究中,針對(duì)拉深過程中坯料成形左右不對(duì)稱的問題設(shè)計(jì)了一套固定壓邊間隙的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。由于原實(shí)驗(yàn)裝裝置的間隙值不可調(diào),導(dǎo)致拉深制件仍出現(xiàn)成形左右不對(duì)稱、破裂或復(fù)制度低等缺陷,因此在前期研究的基礎(chǔ)上重新設(shè)計(jì)并加工了一套實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。該實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置可以實(shí)現(xiàn)壓邊間隙的平衡與大小的調(diào)節(jié),為進(jìn)一步探究壓邊因素對(duì)拉深成形的影響奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)為了精確的測(cè)量出上述裝置的壓邊間隙,提出了一種新的測(cè)量方法。在一定壓力下對(duì)塑料粉末施加超聲振動(dòng),使塑料粉末在超聲振動(dòng)的激勵(lì)下升溫而熔融成具有流動(dòng)性能的粘性介質(zhì),并充滿整個(gè)間隙空腔,然后測(cè)量冷卻后的介質(zhì)外形從而間接獲得壓邊間隙值。用該方法測(cè)得實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置調(diào)節(jié)出的壓邊間隙范圍為0~35μm,與計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比得出測(cè)量的平均誤差為±0.6μm,局部誤差為±1.5μm。(3)以退火后的T2紫銅薄板為坯料,應(yīng)用該工藝對(duì)其進(jìn)行微拉深實(shí)驗(yàn)。分析了氣缸壓力、壓邊間隙、超聲振幅等參數(shù)對(duì)制件成形質(zhì)量的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在一定實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,制件的復(fù)制度與氣缸壓力、超聲振幅成正比。氣缸壓力和超聲振幅越大復(fù)制度越高,當(dāng)氣缸壓力為0.1MPa、超聲振幅為30.0μm時(shí),制件的復(fù)制度可達(dá)86.4%;通過對(duì)拉深件壁厚變化規(guī)律的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),由于粘性介質(zhì)柔性沖頭的特殊性,制件側(cè)壁上部受到的應(yīng)力最小,中心位置在拉深過程中受到應(yīng)力最大,導(dǎo)致制件的側(cè)壁上部厚度增加量最多,約為17.6%,而在底部中心位置附近制件厚度最小,厚度減小了約14.4%,所以中心位置附近是拉深時(shí)最容易被拉破的危險(xiǎn)部位。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic microforming of metal sheet with transient viscous medium flexible punch is a new microforming process, which uses flexible punch formed by molten plastics to replace the traditional rigid punch. The rigid punch is difficult to be machined and it is difficult to accurately align with the die. At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration is combined with the viscous medium organically. The process has the advantages of both viscous medium forming and ultrasonic forming. On the one hand, the impact pressure of viscous medium flexible punch is more uniform, which can delay the necking of the material and increase the forming limit of the material. On the other hand, ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the blank and die through flexible punch, which reduces the friction between blank and die. The flow stress of the blank is reduced. Based on the previous work of the research group, the influence of the technological parameters on the forming properties of the workpiece during ultrasonic micro-drawing is further studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1). In a preliminary study. In order to solve the problem of left and right asymmetry of blank forming in deep drawing, a set of experimental equipment is designed to fix the gap of blank holder. Because the gap value of the original experimental device can not be adjusted, the forming left and right asymmetries still occur in the drawing parts. Because of the defects of low degree of rupture or duplication, a set of experimental device was redesigned and manufactured on the basis of previous research, which can balance and adjust the size of the blank holder gap. For the further study of the influence of blank holder factors on drawing forming laid a foundation. 2) in order to accurately measure the blank holder clearance of the device. In this paper, a new measuring method is proposed, in which ultrasonic vibration is applied to the plastic powder under certain pressure, which causes the plastic powder to heat up under the excitation of the ultrasonic vibration and melt into a viscous medium with flowing property. And filled with the whole clearance cavity, then measured the shape of the medium after cooling, so as to indirectly obtain the blank holder clearance value. By using this method, the range of the blank holder gap adjusted by the experimental device is 0 ~ 35 渭 m. Compared with the calculated results, the average measurement error is 鹵0.6 渭 m and the local error is 鹵1.5 渭 m 路m ~ (3). The annealed T2 red copper sheet is used as the blank. The effects of cylinder pressure, blank holder clearance, ultrasonic amplitude and other parameters on the forming quality of the workpiece are analyzed. The experimental results show that under certain experimental conditions. The complex system is proportional to the cylinder pressure and the ultrasonic amplitude. The greater the cylinder pressure and the ultrasonic amplitude, the higher the reproduction degree, when the cylinder pressure is 0.1 MPA, the ultrasonic amplitude is 30.0 渭 m. The copy degree of the parts can reach 86.4%. Through the study of the variation law of the wall thickness of the drawing parts, it is found that due to the particularity of the flexible punch in the viscous medium, the upper part of the side wall of the workpiece is subjected to the minimum stress, and the center position is subjected to the maximum stress in the process of drawing. As a result, the upper thickness of the side wall increases the most, about 17.6, while the thickness of the workpiece near the center of the bottom is the smallest, the thickness of which is reduced by about 14.4%. So near the center is the dangerous part that is most easily broken when drawing deep.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG386.32;TG663

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