本文關(guān)鍵詞： 表面等離激元 光學(xué)格子 干涉 渦旋　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：表面等離激元(SPPs)是指被局域在金屬/介質(zhì)表面的沿著金屬表面?zhèn)鞑サ碾娮邮杳懿?是由金屬表面自由振動的電子和光子相互作用耦合而成的混合激發(fā)態(tài)。表面等離激元是一種倏逝波,其獨特的性質(zhì)引起了人們在表面等離激元聚焦、渦旋以及光場調(diào)控等方面廣泛的研究興趣。尤其是近年來,關(guān)于表面等離激元光場操控方面的研究很熱,現(xiàn)在對于用納米縫、孔等結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生一些簡單的光場圖樣和渦旋的研究已經(jīng)發(fā)展的較為成熟了。但由于金屬納米縫激發(fā)表面等離激元在激發(fā)效率和探測光場方法方面的限制,以及現(xiàn)有理論的局限性,對于設(shè)計產(chǎn)生一些特定的光場圖樣和高階相位渦旋仍然存在難度,需要進一步深入地展開研究。在本論文中,我們通過利用惠更斯-菲涅耳原理和散射成像法,以及時域有限差分法(FDTD solutions)等計算機工具軟件開展了對金屬納米縫產(chǎn)生表面等離激元光學(xué)格子及其相位渦旋做了研究。我們設(shè)計了沿螺旋線排列的具有不同段數(shù)的弧縫樣品,在理論上我們根據(jù)已有的金屬縫結(jié)構(gòu)激發(fā)表面等離激元光場參數(shù)并結(jié)合惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,推導(dǎo)出了樣品縫激發(fā)的表面等離激元場的表達式,并以此為理論基礎(chǔ)計算得出了樣品產(chǎn)生的光場圖樣。實驗上我們搭建了馬赫-增德爾干涉系統(tǒng)用散射顯微成像法收集樣品激發(fā)的表面等離激元場并用SCOMS記錄形成的光場圖樣,產(chǎn)生的散射表面等離激元場與參考光相干涉,通過傅里葉變換的方法從得到的干涉條紋中提取出光場信息,得到了不同的光學(xué)格子圖樣,并且我們通過構(gòu)建樣品狀結(jié)構(gòu)的衍射模型,分析了格子產(chǎn)生的機理。我們設(shè)計了不同拓撲荷值的樣品,利用入射光和金屬納米縫的相互作用,通過FDTD solutions計算產(chǎn)生了高階渦旋格子。本論文的主要內(nèi)容由以下五部分組成。第一部分是緒論,我們介紹了表面等離激元的研究背景;并討論了表面等離激元的理論波方程;得出了表面等離激元的幾個特征參量及其表達式和色散曲線關(guān)系;介紹了表面等離激元實驗上的激發(fā)方式及其實驗上常用的幾種探測方法;介紹了表面等離激元的一些應(yīng)用和研究現(xiàn)狀;最后介紹了本文的研究目的和研究內(nèi)容。第二部分,我們利用惠更斯-菲涅耳原理結(jié)合金屬縫激發(fā)表面等離激元的特性推導(dǎo)出了由n段弧縫組成的樣品激發(fā)表面等離激元光場的表達式;并設(shè)計了不同縫數(shù)和排布的結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)得出的理論公式對每個結(jié)構(gòu)所產(chǎn)生的光場圖樣進行了理論計算;通過所得計算結(jié)果可以看出,在每個樣品得到的光強圖樣的中心區(qū)域分別產(chǎn)生了由六個光強亮斑沿圓環(huán)分布的Honeycomb格子、由六個橢圓狀光強亮斑構(gòu)成的著名的Kagome格子、由五個呈圓形分布的光強亮斑組成的五花瓣狀格子和由七個呈圓形分布的光強亮斑組成的七花瓣狀格子。第三部分我們通過在金膜上設(shè)計并刻蝕由6段、5段和7段納米弧縫組成的結(jié)構(gòu),在線偏振光入射樣品下,獲得了表面等離激元場中微米級表面等離激元光學(xué)格子。實驗上,我們通過搭建了馬赫-增德爾干涉系統(tǒng)并利用全息理論提取出了實驗所得表面等離激元場光場信息,我們得到在樣品形成的強度圖樣。通過對所得結(jié)果的光強圖和第二章中理論計算所得光強圖樣進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)實驗結(jié)果與計算結(jié)果高度一致。我們對各個樣品所形成的光學(xué)格子進行了測量,發(fā)現(xiàn)格子的尺寸在微米量級。為了更清楚地理解格子產(chǎn)生的機理,我們利用傳統(tǒng)的6針孔屏作類比探究了格子的產(chǎn)生機制。第四部分設(shè)計了沿不同開口大小的螺旋線分布的具有不同段數(shù)不同排布的弧縫結(jié)構(gòu)樣品;在左旋/右旋圓偏振光從基底側(cè)照射樣品時,得到了具有任意高階渦旋的表面等離激元光學(xué)格子;我們用時域有限差分(FDTD solutions)軟件進行了數(shù)值計算,得到了從一到五階拓撲荷結(jié)構(gòu)的渦旋和對應(yīng)的不同格子光強圖樣,例如Kagome格子、Honycomb格子,五花瓣和七花瓣狀格子等。第五部分,總結(jié)了本學(xué)位論文所研究的內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點,并對下一步將要進行的工作做了簡單介紹。
[Abstract]:The surface plasmon (SPPs) is localized on the metal / dielectric surface along the electron density wave propagation in metal surface, is a mixture of excited state by vibration on the surface of metal free electron and photon interaction coupling together. Surface plasmon is an evanescent wave, due to its unique properties the people in the surface plasmon focusing, widely interested in the study of vortex and the light field regulation. Especially in recent years, research on surface plasmon polariton manipulation of the light field is very hot, now for the nano slit, some simple light field pattern and vortex research has been the development of more mature pore structure. But because the metallic slit excitation limit in surface plasmon excitation efficiency and probe light field method, and the limitations of existing theories, to design some specific patterns of light field and higher order phase vortex is still However, the difficulty, need further research. In this thesis, we use Huygens Fresnel principle and scattering imaging method, and the finite difference time domain method (FDTD solutions) and other computer software tools to carry out surface plasmon optical lattice and phase vortices are researched for metallic slit. We the design of the distributed along a helical line with different number of arc seam samples, we theoretically according to the existing metal slit structure excited surface plasmon optical parameters and combining the Huygens Fresnel principle is derived from the surface of sample joints stimulate expression of polaritons field, light field pattern sample the calculated based on experiment. We set up Maher by Del interferometer with scattering microscopic imaging method to collect samples excited by surface plasmon field and SCOMS record Light field pattern formation, the scattering of surface plasmon field and reference light interference, to extract information from the optical field to obtain the interference fringes by Fourier transform method, the optical lattice pattern is different, and we construct the diffraction model sample structure, analyzes the mechanism of the lattice we designed the different topologies of the sample, using the interaction between incident light and metallic slit, through the FDTD solutions calculation of high-order vortex lattices. The main content of this paper consists of five parts. The first part is the introduction, we introduce the research background of surface plasmon polaritons are discussed; the surface plasmon polariton wave equation theory; the surface plasmon of several characteristic parameters and their expressions and dispersion relations polaritons; introduces the surface plasmon polariton mode excitation experiment and its experience Detection of several commonly used methods are introduced; some plasmonic applications and research status of the surface; and finally introduces the research purpose and research content. The second part, we use the Huygens Fresnel principle combined with metal joints excited surface plasmon polaritons characteristics derived out by N arc seam sample surface excitation the expression of excitation light field; and the design of the structure of different slot number and arrangement, according to the theory of light field pattern formula is generated for each structure is calculated by the calculation results; it can be seen that in the central region of light intensity pattern each sample was obtained respectively by six light intensity the bright spots along the ring distribution of Honeycomb lattice, consisting of six oval shaped light spots of the famous Kagome lattice, is composed of five Wuhua flap lattice circular distribution of the spot intensity and composition by seven A seven petal shaped lattice light circular distribution bright spot composition. In the third part, through the design and etching on Au film by 6, 5 and 7 segments of arc seam nano structures composed of linearly polarized light incident sample, the surface plasmon of micron element field surface plasmon optics lattice. In experiment, we set up by Maher by Del interferometer system and using holographic theory to extract the surface plasmon field information, we get the intensity pattern in the formation of the sample. Based on the theory results of intensity distribution and the second chapter is the light intensity pattern comparison, found the experimental results and the calculation results are highly consistent. We formed optical lattice of each sample were measured and found the size of grid at the micron scale. In order to better understand the mechanism of grid generation, we use the traditional 6 pin The screen hole analogy explores the mechanism. The fourth part of the design of the lattice distribution along the helix with different opening sizes with different number of segments of the different arrangement of the arc seam structure of samples; in the left / right circularly polarized light from the substrate side when the sample is irradiated with the arbitrary high order vortex surface plasmon optical lattice; we use the finite difference time domain (FDTD solutions) software is used to carry out numerical calculation, obtained from a scroll to five order topological structure and corresponding lattice light intensity pattern, such as the Kagome lattice and Honycomb lattice, five petals and seven petal shaped lattice. The fifth part summarizes the thesis research the content and innovation, and the next step will be to do the work of a simple introduction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG111

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本文編號：1469821