能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為威脅人類社會(huì)以及地球生命的兩大關(guān)鍵性問(wèn)題。氫能作為一種清潔能源,因其高效、潔凈、環(huán)保,已被廣泛認(rèn)為是一種理想的可替代化石燃料的新能源。電催化分解水制氫被公認(rèn)為是獲得氫能的主要能源轉(zhuǎn)化方式之一,但目前使用的稀有元素Pt和IrO₂或RuO₂等電催化劑因價(jià)格昂貴很難實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化應(yīng)用。因此,科學(xué)家研究了其他過(guò)渡金屬及其衍生物,以取代貴金屬,實(shí)現(xiàn)水的電催化實(shí)際應(yīng)用,解決環(huán)境和能源危機(jī),并且大多數(shù)此類材料表現(xiàn)出色。在過(guò)渡金屬中,Ni和Co的HER和OER性能已被深入研究并顯示出更好的結(jié)果。除了良好的性能外,這些金屬豐富,價(jià)格低廉,對(duì)環(huán)境的影響很小或幾乎沒(méi)有。大尺寸的Ni和Co導(dǎo)致高的固有電阻,低有效表面積可能影響性能。本論文研究工作中,我們開(kāi)發(fā)了廉價(jià)而簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)制備了微米和納米尺寸的Ni和Co粒子負(fù)載在3D石墨烯上。3D石墨烯不僅為Ni和Co及其衍生物的負(fù)載提供了大的表面積,而且由于它們的導(dǎo)電薄片而易于電子的傳輸,這可以提高電催化性能結(jié)果。微米和納米尺寸分散的Ni和Co的分散增加了反應(yīng)的活性位點(diǎn)并降低了固有電阻。所制備的Ni和C... 

【文章來(lái)源】：江蘇大學(xué)江蘇省

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：159 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Hydrogen as energy
        1.1.1 Steam reforming
        1.1.2 Hydrocarbon partial oxidation
        1.1.3 Gasification
        1.1.4 Electrocatalysis of water
    1.2 Catalyst for water splitting
        1.2.1 Platinum as catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
        1.2.2 Iridium oxide or ruthenium oxide as catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction
        1.2.3 Nickel as a catalyst
        1.2.4 Cobalt as a catalyst
    1.3 Carbon base supporter
        1.3.1 Graphene
        1.3.2 3D Graphene(3DG)
    1.4 Ni and Co based3DG as HER and OER electrocatalyst
    1.5 Main research content of this thesis
Chapter 2 Nickel loaded 3D graphene an improved electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Experiments
        2.2.1 Chemical reagents and experimental instruments
        2.2.2 Preparation of Ni–based3DG electrocatalyst
        2.2.3 Characterizations
    2.3 Results and discussions
        2.3.1 XRD characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.2 Raman characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.3 SEM characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.4 EDS characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.5 TEM and HRTEM characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.6 XPS characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
        2.3.7 Electrochemical characterization of Ni loaded3DG electrocatalyst
    2.4 Chapter conclusion
Chapter 3 3D graphene decorated with hexagonal micro–coin of Co(OH)_2:A competent electrocatalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Experiments
        3.2.1 Chemical reagents and experimental instruments
        3.2.2 Preparation of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
        3.2.3 Characterizations
    3.3 Results and discussions
        3.3.1 XRD and Raman characterization of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
        3.3.2 SEM characterization of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
        3.3.3 TEM and HRTEM characterization of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
        3.3.4 XPS characterization of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
        3.3.5 Electrochemical characterization of Co(OH)_2 decorated3DG electrocatalyst
    3.4 Chapter conclusion
Chapter 4 Novel 3D graphene ornamented with CoO nanoparitcles as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experiments
        4.2.1 Chemical reagents and experimental instruments
        4.2.2 Preparation of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.2.3 Characterizations
    4.3 Results and discussions
        4.3.1 XRD characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.2 SEM characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.3 EDS characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.4 TEM characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.5 XPS characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.6 Raman characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
        4.3.7 Electrochemical characterization of CoO ornamented3DG electrocatalyst
    4.4 Chapter conclusion
Chapter 5 In situ growth of M–MO(M=Ni,Co)in3DG as a competent bifunctional electrocatalyst for OER and HER
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experiments
        5.2.1 Chemical reagents and experimental instruments
        5.2.2 Preparation of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.2.3 Characterizations
    5.3 Results and discussions
        5.3.1 XRD characterization of Ni–NiO@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.2 SEM characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.3 EDS characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.4 TEM and HRTEM characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.5 Raman characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.6 XPS characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.7 BET characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
        5.3.8 Electrochemical characterization of Ni–Ni O@3DG and Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalysts
    5.4 Chapter conclusion
Chapter 6 Simultaneous synthesis of bimetallic Ni–NiO/CoO–Co O@3DG a novel electrocatalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Experiments
        6.2.1 Chemical reagents and experimental instruments
        6.2.2 Preparation of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.2.3 Characterizations
    6.3 Results and discussions
        6.3.1 XRD characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.2 Raman characterization of Ni–NiO/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.3 SEM characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.4 TEM characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.5 XPS characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.6 BET characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–Co O@3DG electrocatalyst
        6.3.7 Electrochemical characterization of Ni–Ni O/Co–CoO@3DG electrocatalyst
    6.4 Chapter conclusion
Chapter 7 Conclusions and prospective
    7.1 Conclusion
    7.2 The main innovation of the paper
    7.3 Existing problems and prospects
References
Acknowledgement
List of Publication during the doctoral degree


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Co-V雙金屬基納米片用于有效電催化全解水（英文）[J]. 肖英璐,田春貴,田玫,吳愛(ài)平,閆海靜,陳聰芳,王蕾,焦艷清,付宏剛.  Science China Materials. 2018(01)
[2]鐵氰化鈷修飾石墨烯平面電極對(duì)過(guò)氧化氫的傳感作用[J]. 趙鴻彩,張璞,李社紅,羅紅霞.  分析化學(xué). 2017(06)



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