電子局域引起的CrN硬度增強
發(fā)布時間:2021-04-07 00:26
元素周期表中前幾個3d過渡金屬氮化物是一類被廣泛利用的硬質(zhì)材料,可用于制造各種切削和加工工具。之前已經(jīng)很好的理解了第4族碳氮化物的硬度起源.這與金屬d軌道中的eg電子和氮的p軌道之間形成的pdσ鍵以及金屬t2g電子之間形成的ddσ鍵的填充有關(guān)。當價電子濃度(VEC)低于8.4時,電子傾向于填充對硬度有益的pdσ鍵,而當價電子濃度(VEC)高于8.4時,電子則開始填充對硬度有害的dda鍵,此鍵的過度填充將導(dǎo)致硬度大幅降低。然而,實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),具有1 1個價電子的氮化鉻(CrN)具有極高的硬度(16GPa),高于價電子濃度為10的氮化釩(10GPa),因而無法僅用上述電子填充理論來解釋。在這項工作中,我們利用密度泛函理論來研究這種意外的硬度增強。我們發(fā)現(xiàn),在不考慮磁性的情況下,過渡金屬氮化物的彈性性質(zhì)的變化均具有相似的趨勢,但是磁性使得彈性性質(zhì)發(fā)生了很大的變化。在磁性CrN中,半填充狀態(tài)的Cr原子的t2g電子密度遠高于非磁情況,因而是空間局域的。這種局域不僅在金屬亞晶格中產(chǎn)生了強的t2g-t2g磁交換,而且也等效地減少了價電子數(shù)目,形成了價電子數(shù)目接近于為8的狀態(tài),減少了硬度有害的ddσ鍵的填...
【文章來源】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)黑龍江省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:103 頁
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Hard materials
1.2 CrN
1.3 Density Functional Calculations
Chapter 2 Density Functional Theory
2.1 The Born-Oppenheimer approximation
2.2 The Schr?dinger Equation
2.3 Hartree-Fock Approximation
2.4 Density Functional Theory
2.5 Exchange correlation functionals
2.5.1 Local Density Approximation (LDA)
2.5.2 Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) and PBE
2.6 The VASP code
2.7 The WIEN2k code
2.7.1 APW basis
2.7.2 APW + lo
2.7.3 LAPW
2.7.4 LAPW + LO
2.7.5 HDLO
2.8 Summary
Chapter 3 Hardness calculation within Density Functional Theory
3.1 Elastic constants for a real material
3.1.1 Elastic constants in cubic and orthorhombic crystals
3.2 Calculate elastic constants using DFT
3.3 Engineering Elastic constants
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Calculation Results
4.1 Structure relaxation
4.2 Elastic properties
4.3 Electronic structures of Transition metal nitrides
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusions
結(jié)論
Index
References
Appendix A Functional and Their Derivative
Appendix B A beginner’s guide of WIEN2k
B.1 Installation
B.2 Parallelization
B.3 Running
Appendix C Benchmarks for VASP
C.1 Benchmarks
C.2 Round 1, try to find out the best NCORE settings
C.3 Round 2, How fast can we achieve using k-points parallel?
攻讀碩士學(xué)位期間發(fā)表的論文及其它成果
致謝
個人簡介
本文編號:3122442
【文章來源】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)黑龍江省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:103 頁
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Hard materials
1.2 CrN
1.3 Density Functional Calculations
Chapter 2 Density Functional Theory
2.1 The Born-Oppenheimer approximation
2.2 The Schr?dinger Equation
2.3 Hartree-Fock Approximation
2.4 Density Functional Theory
2.5 Exchange correlation functionals
2.5.1 Local Density Approximation (LDA)
2.5.2 Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) and PBE
2.6 The VASP code
2.7 The WIEN2k code
2.7.1 APW basis
2.7.2 APW + lo
2.7.3 LAPW
2.7.4 LAPW + LO
2.7.5 HDLO
2.8 Summary
Chapter 3 Hardness calculation within Density Functional Theory
3.1 Elastic constants for a real material
3.1.1 Elastic constants in cubic and orthorhombic crystals
3.2 Calculate elastic constants using DFT
3.3 Engineering Elastic constants
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Calculation Results
4.1 Structure relaxation
4.2 Elastic properties
4.3 Electronic structures of Transition metal nitrides
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusions
結(jié)論
Index
References
Appendix A Functional and Their Derivative
Appendix B A beginner’s guide of WIEN2k
B.1 Installation
B.2 Parallelization
B.3 Running
Appendix C Benchmarks for VASP
C.1 Benchmarks
C.2 Round 1, try to find out the best NCORE settings
C.3 Round 2, How fast can we achieve using k-points parallel?
攻讀碩士學(xué)位期間發(fā)表的論文及其它成果
致謝
個人簡介
本文編號:3122442
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