【摘要】：隨著中國長久以來粗放式發(fā)展的急劇擴(kuò)張,環(huán)境問題日益突出,污染呈現(xiàn)出愈演愈烈之勢。昔日的藍(lán)天白云、青山綠水因?yàn)槲廴镜募又囟饾u的消失。每年冬季以后頻頻爆發(fā)的全國范圍內(nèi)的霧霾也在向人們揭示著中國環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重性和生態(tài)的脆弱性。實(shí)行可持續(xù)發(fā)展,減少對生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞已經(jīng)成為了未來中國生存和發(fā)展必然要走的道路。泡沫混凝土作為一種新型保溫材料,生產(chǎn)能耗低,保溫性能優(yōu)異,而且可以利用工業(yè)廢棄物,能夠降低建筑物夏天降溫和冬天供暖的能耗,符合未來低碳低能耗、綠色建材的前進(jìn)方向。塑料是生產(chǎn)生活中必不可少的材料之一,而廢舊塑料不能自然降解,依靠焚燒或掩埋解決又會給環(huán)境帶來了負(fù)荷。國內(nèi)外研究人員將這些廢棄塑料回收后,清潔破碎成顆粒變?yōu)樵偕芰?并摻入到混凝土中進(jìn)行性能研究,為廢棄塑料的重新利用開辟一條新的途徑。本文將再生塑料作為輕集料摻入到泡沫混凝土中,圍繞其制備和基本性能開展研究。主要研究成果如下:(1)通過單因素試驗(yàn)分別研究物理發(fā)泡工藝中攪拌速率、攪拌時間以及外加劑摻量(減水劑、穩(wěn)泡劑)對再生塑料泡沫混凝土性能的影響,從而確定配合比,并通過發(fā)泡劑試驗(yàn)和塑料摻量試驗(yàn)確定了后續(xù)正交試驗(yàn)多因素的水平范圍。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:發(fā)泡劑稀釋液的攪拌速率宜為500r/min,攪拌時間沒有固定最佳值,且與加入的發(fā)泡劑用量有關(guān)。減水劑和穩(wěn)泡劑的最佳摻量分別為1.25%和0.04%。(2)通過正交試驗(yàn)法研究塑料種類、塑料摻量和發(fā)泡劑摻量三個因素對再生塑料泡沫混凝土干密度、吸水率、抗壓強(qiáng)度和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:發(fā)泡劑摻量對試塊性能的影響比塑料種類和塑料摻量更為顯著,干密度、抗壓強(qiáng)度和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨著發(fā)泡劑摻量的增加而下降,吸水率則持續(xù)上升。在塑料摻量不斷增大的情況下,試塊干密度和抗壓強(qiáng)度曲線先上升后下降,吸水率和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)則呈先下降后上升的相反趨勢。當(dāng)塑料摻量為15%,試塊的綜合性能最優(yōu)。五種塑料中,摻入ABS的試塊的干密度上升幅度較大,其余各性能均得到加強(qiáng),HDPE、MDPE、未改性PP、改性PP的摻入將使試塊的不同性能得到改變。綜合比較后,ABS的表現(xiàn)最為優(yōu)異。(3)通過曲線擬合,分別得出再生塑料泡沫混凝土的干體積密度與抗壓強(qiáng)度、干體積密度與孔隙率、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)與干體積密度的關(guān)系,并根據(jù)保溫試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),推導(dǎo)并驗(yàn)證出其三相導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)模型。
[Abstract]:With the rapid expansion of extensive development in China for a long time, environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and pollution is becoming more and more intense. The former blue sky and white clouds, green mountains and green water due to increased pollution and gradually disappear. The country-wide haze, which erupts frequently after winter, also reveals the severity of environmental pollution and ecological fragility in China. To carry out sustainable development and reduce the damage to ecological environment has become the inevitable path for the survival and development of China in the future. As a new type of insulation material, foam concrete has low production energy consumption, excellent thermal insulation performance, and can utilize industrial waste, which can reduce the energy consumption of building cooling in summer and heating in winter, which is in line with the low carbon and low energy consumption in the future. The direction of green building materials. Plastic is one of the essential materials in production and life, and waste plastics can not be degraded naturally, and the environment will be loaded by burning or burying. After the waste plastics were recycled by researchers at home and abroad, the particles were cleaned and broken into recycled plastics, and the properties of the waste plastics were studied by mixing them into concrete, which opened up a new way for the reuse of waste plastics. In this paper, recycled plastics are added into foam concrete as lightweight aggregate, and the preparation and basic properties of recycled plastics are studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the effects of mixing rate, mixing time and admixture amount (water reducer, stabilizer) on the properties of recycled plastic foam concrete were studied by single factor test. The mixing ratio was determined, and the horizontal range of multi-factor of subsequent orthogonal test was determined by foaming agent test and plastic content test. The experimental results show that the stirring rate of the foaming agent diluent is 500 rmin, the stirring time is not fixed, and it is related to the amount of foaming agent added. The optimum dosage of water reducing agent and foam stabilizer is 1.25% and 0.04%, respectively. (2) through orthogonal test, the effects of plastic type, plastic content and blowing agent content on dry density and water absorption of recycled foam concrete are studied. The influence of compressive strength and thermal conductivity. The experimental results show that the effect of blowing agent content on the properties of the test block is more obvious than that of plastics and plastics. The dry density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity decrease with the increase of foaming agent content, while the water absorption rate continues to increase. Under the condition of increasing plastic content, the curve of dry density and compressive strength first increased and then decreased, while the water absorption and thermal conductivity decreased first and then increased. When the content of plastic is 15%, the overall performance of the test block is the best. Among the five kinds of plastics, the dry density of the test block doped with ABS increased greatly, and the other properties were strengthened. The addition of PP modified by HDPE,MDPE, unmodified PP, would change the different properties of the test block. (3) through curve fitting, the relationship between dry volume density and compressive strength, dry volume density and porosity, thermal conductivity and dry volume density of recycled plastic foam concrete was obtained, and the relationship between dry volume density and porosity, thermal conductivity and dry volume density of recycled plastic foam concrete was obtained by curve fitting. According to the thermal insulation test data, the three-phase thermal conductivity model is deduced and verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU528.2

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