水冷型PEMFC熱管理系統(tǒng)建模與控制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-18 15:27
【摘要】：由于社會發(fā)展對于能源供應(yīng)與環(huán)境保護(hù)的必要性,燃料電池作為兼顧二者需求的綠色能源走向世界舞臺,質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC)較其他燃料電池,具有工作溫度低、啟動快、低噪音等優(yōu)勢而頗具潛力。由于燃料電池發(fā)電本質(zhì)為電化學(xué)反應(yīng),其輸出性能、使用壽命受到多個運(yùn)行參數(shù)共同影響,如溫度、氣體流量、氣體濕度、背壓等,其中溫度對反應(yīng)發(fā)生時的催化劑活性、物質(zhì)傳輸?shù)榷加泻艽蟮挠绊�。合理的熱管理不僅能提高電堆的發(fā)電效率,維持燃料電池狀態(tài)健康,而溫度管理不當(dāng)則會造成性能降低,電堆失效,甚至引發(fā)安全事故。因此,研究水冷型PEMFC熱管理對于推動燃料電池商業(yè)化發(fā)展有著重要的意義。本文以PEMFC的溫度特性、熱管理模型、控制策略及方法為切入點介紹國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,從原理、結(jié)構(gòu)、應(yīng)用三方面介紹燃料電池,基于燃料電池內(nèi)部的活化、歐姆、濃差極化過電壓建立燃料電池電壓模型,并以實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證模型的極化特性可靠,分析溫度對于燃料電池電壓的影響。根據(jù)燃料電池電堆內(nèi)部能量守恒建立水冷型PEMFC熱管理系統(tǒng)模型,在驗證其溫度和流量響應(yīng)與實驗一致的前提下,研究熱管理控制變量對于燃料電池的溫度、輸出及熱管理功耗影響。其次,基于熱管理系統(tǒng)的控制要求,針對以恒定冷卻水出入口溫度與恒定氣水壓差值控制冷卻水流量的不足,在分析了不同電流下氣水壓差值與溫差的關(guān)系后提出使出口溫度可控的變氣水壓差值控制策略,不僅滿足溫度、壓力的約束,同時保留了氣水壓差控制解耦、快速響應(yīng)的優(yōu)點,進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化控制效果。同時計及PEMFC系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電凈效率,提出減小熱管理寄生功耗的控制策略,有效提高其經(jīng)濟(jì)性。最后,基于熱管理設(shè)備控制對象的特性,對比了模糊控制、模糊PID控制與傳統(tǒng)PID控制的效果對比及其優(yōu)缺點。
[Abstract]:Because of the necessity of social development for energy supply and environmental protection, fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC), as a green energy which meets the needs of both, goes to the world stage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC) is more important than other fuel cells. With low working temperature, fast start, low noise and other advantages and have a lot of potential. Since the nature of fuel cell power generation is electrochemical reaction, its output performance and service life are affected by several operating parameters, such as temperature, gas flow rate, gas humidity, back pressure, etc. Material transfer and so on have a great impact. Reasonable thermal management can not only improve the generation efficiency of the stack and maintain the state of the fuel cell, but also lead to poor performance, failure of the stack and even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the heat management of water-cooled PEMFC for promoting the commercialization of fuel cells. In this paper, the temperature characteristic, thermal management model, control strategy and method of PEMFC are introduced as the breakthrough point, the principle, structure and application of fuel cell are introduced, based on the internal activation of fuel cell, ohmic, Ohm, Ohm, The concentration polarization overvoltage is used to establish the fuel cell voltage model. The polarization characteristics of the model are verified by the experimental data. The effect of temperature on the fuel cell voltage is analyzed. According to the internal energy conservation of fuel cell stack, the model of water-cooled PEMFC thermal management system is established. Under the premise that the temperature and flow response are consistent with the experiment, the heat management control variable for fuel cell temperature is studied. The effect of power consumption on output and thermal management. Secondly, based on the control requirements of the thermal management system, aiming at the insufficiency of controlling the cooling water flow with the difference between the inlet and outlet temperature of the constant cooling water and the constant gas-water pressure, Based on the analysis of the relationship between air-water pressure difference and temperature difference at different current, a variable gas-water pressure difference control strategy is proposed to control the outlet temperature. It not only meets the constraints of temperature and pressure, but also reserves the advantages of decoupling and quick response of air-water pressure difference control. Further optimize the control effect. At the same time, considering the net generation efficiency of PEMFC system, a control strategy to reduce the parasitic power consumption of thermal management is proposed, which can effectively improve its economy. Finally, based on the characteristics of the control object of thermal management equipment, the effects of fuzzy control, fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM911.4
[Abstract]:Because of the necessity of social development for energy supply and environmental protection, fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC), as a green energy which meets the needs of both, goes to the world stage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,PEMFC) is more important than other fuel cells. With low working temperature, fast start, low noise and other advantages and have a lot of potential. Since the nature of fuel cell power generation is electrochemical reaction, its output performance and service life are affected by several operating parameters, such as temperature, gas flow rate, gas humidity, back pressure, etc. Material transfer and so on have a great impact. Reasonable thermal management can not only improve the generation efficiency of the stack and maintain the state of the fuel cell, but also lead to poor performance, failure of the stack and even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the heat management of water-cooled PEMFC for promoting the commercialization of fuel cells. In this paper, the temperature characteristic, thermal management model, control strategy and method of PEMFC are introduced as the breakthrough point, the principle, structure and application of fuel cell are introduced, based on the internal activation of fuel cell, ohmic, Ohm, Ohm, The concentration polarization overvoltage is used to establish the fuel cell voltage model. The polarization characteristics of the model are verified by the experimental data. The effect of temperature on the fuel cell voltage is analyzed. According to the internal energy conservation of fuel cell stack, the model of water-cooled PEMFC thermal management system is established. Under the premise that the temperature and flow response are consistent with the experiment, the heat management control variable for fuel cell temperature is studied. The effect of power consumption on output and thermal management. Secondly, based on the control requirements of the thermal management system, aiming at the insufficiency of controlling the cooling water flow with the difference between the inlet and outlet temperature of the constant cooling water and the constant gas-water pressure, Based on the analysis of the relationship between air-water pressure difference and temperature difference at different current, a variable gas-water pressure difference control strategy is proposed to control the outlet temperature. It not only meets the constraints of temperature and pressure, but also reserves the advantages of decoupling and quick response of air-water pressure difference control. Further optimize the control effect. At the same time, considering the net generation efficiency of PEMFC system, a control strategy to reduce the parasitic power consumption of thermal management is proposed, which can effectively improve its economy. Finally, based on the characteristics of the control object of thermal management equipment, the effects of fuzzy control, fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control are compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM911.4
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 陳維榮;牛茁;韓U，
本文編號：2386050
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