【摘要】：頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土是一種內(nèi)部存在大量封閉型孔隙的新型輕質(zhì)保溫材料,具有利廢、環(huán)保、節(jié)能、廉價(jià)等優(yōu)異的性能。主要以水泥作膠凝材料,粉煤灰作摻合料,頁(yè)巖陶粒、陶砂為骨料,加水通過(guò)機(jī)械攪拌均勻后,再將一定體積的發(fā)泡劑加入漿體中,經(jīng)成型、養(yǎng)護(hù)而成。試驗(yàn)以泡沫體積摻量、水膠比(分別為0.35,0.4,0.45,0.5,0.55,0.6,0.65)、粉煤灰摻量(分別為10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、40%、45%)為變量制備頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土,研究了不同變量對(duì)陶粒泡沫混凝土28d抗壓強(qiáng)度和吸水率的影響,建立各變量與性能之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系式。在前期試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上確定較優(yōu)配比制備陶粒泡沫混凝土,對(duì)其抗壓強(qiáng)度、吸水率、抗凍性、干燥收縮等性能進(jìn)行了研究。制備不同密度等級(jí)的頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土,測(cè)試不同比重的陶粒泡沫混凝土的孔隙率和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù),建立了兩者間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系式,并使用螺旋CT技術(shù)和掃描電子顯微鏡研究了頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土氣孔分布情況,從宏觀、細(xì)觀、微觀等不同層面上分析了陶粒泡沫混凝土的保溫機(jī)理,建立了陶粒泡沫混凝土等效導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,優(yōu)化了陶粒泡沫混凝土施工工藝,對(duì)施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣的頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土進(jìn)行抗壓強(qiáng)度、吸水率等性能測(cè)試,研究了模擬陶粒泡沫混凝土墻體的熱工性能。結(jié)果表明:(1)隨著實(shí)際引入的泡沫體積量增多,陶粒泡沫混凝土干密度、抗壓強(qiáng)度逐漸降低,而吸水率不斷增大;(2)隨著水膠比增大,陶粒泡沫混凝土28天抗壓強(qiáng)度不斷減小,吸水率不斷增大;(3)隨著粉煤灰取代量增加,混凝土強(qiáng)度先增大后減小,但吸水率變化不大;(4)試驗(yàn)制備的陶粒泡沫混凝土凍融試驗(yàn)后質(zhì)量損失和強(qiáng)度損失為1.82%和5.4%,干燥收縮較小;(5)制備的頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)較小,且與混凝土孔隙率具有密切聯(lián)系,孔隙率越高,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)越小;通過(guò)螺旋CT技術(shù)和掃描電子顯微鏡技術(shù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)頁(yè)巖陶粒泡沫混凝土含有大量的氣孔,這些氣孔與頁(yè)巖陶粒內(nèi)部的氣孔共同作用,使陶�；炷翆�(dǎo)熱系數(shù)大幅度降低,從而使材料保溫性能較好;(6)基于串聯(lián)和并聯(lián)兩種熱阻網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,建立了陶粒泡沫混凝土等效導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)與孔隙率之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)值與兩種等效導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)模型理論值之間的對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),兩種數(shù)學(xué)模型的理論值與實(shí)測(cè)值偏差較小,具有較好的適應(yīng)性;(7)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣的陶粒泡沫混凝土抗壓強(qiáng)度為15.21MPa,吸水率為5.49%;模擬陶粒泡沫混凝土墻體熱工性能較好,傳熱系數(shù)為1.040 K/(W/(m2·K))。
[Abstract]:Shale ceramsite foam concrete is a new type of lightweight thermal insulation material with a large number of closed pores. It has excellent properties such as waste, environmental protection, energy saving and low cost. Cement is used as cementitious material, fly ash as admixture, shale ceramsite and pottery sand as aggregate. After mixing with water by mechanical mixing, a certain volume of foaming agent is added to the slurry, which is formed and cured. In the experiment, the foam volume ratio, water / binder ratio (0.35%), water / binder ratio (0.35%) and fly ash (0.35%) were used in the experiment. The influence of different variables on the compressive strength and water absorption rate of ceramsite foamed concrete for 28 days was studied, and the mathematical relationship between each variable and its performance was established. On the basis of previous experiments, the optimum proportion of ceramsite foam concrete was determined. The compressive strength, water absorption, freezing resistance and drying shrinkage of ceramic foam concrete were studied. The shale ceramsite foam concrete with different density grades was prepared. The porosity and thermal conductivity of different specific gravity ceramsite foam concrete were measured, and the mathematical relationship between them was established. The pore distribution of shale ceramsite foamed concrete was studied by spiral CT technique and scanning electron microscope, and the thermal insulation mechanism of ceramic foamed concrete was analyzed from macroscopic, microcosmic and microcosmic aspects. The mathematical model of equivalent thermal conductivity of ceramsite foamed concrete is established. On the basis of laboratory test, the construction technology of ceramsite foam concrete was optimized, and the compressive strength and water absorption rate of shale ceramsite foam concrete were tested. The thermal performance of simulated ceramic foamed concrete wall was studied. The results show that: (1) with the increase of foam volume, the dry density, compressive strength and water absorption of ceramsite foam concrete decrease gradually; (2) with the increase of water-binder ratio, the compressive strength and water absorption of ceramsite foam concrete decrease continuously in 28 days, (3) with the increase of the amount of fly ash, the strength of concrete increases first and then decreases, but the water absorption rate does not change much. (4) after freeze-thaw test, the mass loss and strength loss of ceramsite foamed concrete are 1.82% and 5.4% respectively, and the drying shrinkage is small; (5) the thermal conductivity of the prepared shale ceramsite foamed concrete is smaller, and it is closely related to the porosity of the concrete. The higher the porosity, the smaller the thermal conductivity; Through the analysis of spiral CT technique and scanning electron microscope technique, it is found that there are a lot of pores in shale ceramsite foam concrete. These pores act together with the pores in shale ceramsite, and the thermal conductivity of ceramsite concrete is greatly reduced. Thus, the thermal insulation property of the material is better; (6) based on the series and parallel thermal resistance network models, the mathematical model between the equivalent thermal conductivity and porosity of ceramsite foamed concrete is established. The comparison between the measured values and the theoretical values of the two kinds of equivalent thermal conductivity models is made. The deviation between the theoretical value and the measured value of the two kinds of mathematical models is small and has good adaptability. (7) the compressive strength and water absorption of ceramsite foam concrete are 15.21 MPA and 5.49 respectively, and the thermal properties of simulated ceramsite foam concrete wall are better, with a heat transfer coefficient of 1.040 K / (m ~ 2 K).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU528.2

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