【摘要】：反應精餾技術(shù)是一種極其有效的過程強化技術(shù),它將反應操作和分離操作集成在同一個塔器中,能夠克服可逆反應中化學平衡的限制,并極大程度地降低系統(tǒng)的能量消耗和設(shè)備投資成本,具有非常可觀的經(jīng)濟效益。經(jīng)過多年的研究,反應精餾塔在化工領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)得到了廣泛的運用,如簡單反應、并行反應和連續(xù)兩步反應等。已有的研究多采用單反應段反應精餾塔實現(xiàn)連續(xù)兩步反應的分離,這使得兩步反應在單元操作中難以協(xié)調(diào),容易造成轉(zhuǎn)化率和選擇性偏低的問題,導致系統(tǒng)的能耗和設(shè)備投資很高。為了解決這個難題,本文提出了一種雙反應段反應精餾塔結(jié)構(gòu),兩個反應段的安排將有助于協(xié)調(diào)兩個反應之間的關(guān)系,從而提高系統(tǒng)的熱力學效率。本文的具體工作安排如下：針對理想物系的連續(xù)兩步可逆反應,利用數(shù)學軟件Mathematica對該體系進行建模以及仿真研究,在雙反應段反應精餾塔穩(wěn)態(tài)設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上研究其動態(tài)特性,采用相對增益矩陣對系統(tǒng)的輸入輸出變量進行分析以確定合理的控制結(jié)構(gòu),分析其在出現(xiàn)不同干擾的情況下的動態(tài)響應特性,并與單反應段反應精餾塔的控制效果進行比較。結(jié)果表明,在加入流量干擾和設(shè)定值干擾的情況下,雙反應段結(jié)構(gòu)具有更好的動態(tài)控制效果,能更加快速平穩(wěn)地達到穩(wěn)態(tài)設(shè)定值,從動態(tài)的角度明確了雙反應段反應精餾塔的可行性。此外在實際反應物系的研究中,通常會存在共沸、液液分相等多種復雜情況,以采用甲酸作為夾帶劑的環(huán)己烯兩步法制備環(huán)己醇為例,文中對雙反應段反應精餾系統(tǒng)進行了進一步的綜合設(shè)計與分析。該反應體系采用化工流程軟件Aspen Plus建模,以最小年度總費用(Total annual cost, TAC)作為優(yōu)化目標得到穩(wěn)態(tài)系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)操作條件,并與傳統(tǒng)兩個單反應段反應精餾塔級聯(lián)的結(jié)構(gòu)進行比較,進一步探索該結(jié)構(gòu)的經(jīng)濟效益和可行性。結(jié)果表明,與傳統(tǒng)級聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)相比,在反應精餾塔中安排兩個反應段提供了更多設(shè)計變量,明顯提高了系統(tǒng)的反應速率和分離效果,強化了系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的物質(zhì)耦合和能量耦合,大大降低了設(shè)備投資和能量消耗。
[Abstract]:Reactive distillation is a very effective process strengthening technique, which integrates reaction operation and separation operation in the same tower, and can overcome the limitation of chemical equilibrium in reversible reaction. The energy consumption and equipment investment cost of the system are greatly reduced, which has considerable economic benefits. After many years of research, reaction distillation column has been widely used in chemical industry, such as simple reaction, parallel reaction and continuous two-step reaction. Most of the previous studies have used single-stage reaction distillation column to separate the two-step reaction, which makes the two-step reaction difficult to coordinate in the unit operation, which can easily cause the problem of low conversion and selectivity. The system energy consumption and equipment investment is very high. In order to solve this problem, a two-stage reaction distillation column structure is proposed in this paper. The arrangement of the two reaction sections will help to coordinate the relationship between the two reactions and thus improve the thermodynamic efficiency of the system. The detailed work of this paper is as follows: aiming at the continuous two-step reversible reaction of the ideal system, the dynamic characteristics of the system are studied on the basis of steady state design of the two-stage reaction distillation column by using the mathematical software Mathematica to model and simulate the system. The relative gain matrix is used to analyze the input and output variables of the system to determine the reasonable control structure. The dynamic response characteristics of the system under different disturbances are analyzed and compared with the control effect of the single-stage reaction distillation column. The results show that under the condition of flow disturbance and set value interference, the dual reaction section structure has better dynamic control effect and can reach steady state value more quickly and smoothly. The feasibility of double reaction distillation column was determined from the dynamic point of view. In addition, in the study of actual reactants, azeotrope and liquid-liquid fractions are equal in many complicated situations. For example, cyclohexene can be prepared by two-step cyclohexene method using formic acid as entrainer. Further comprehensive design and analysis of two-stage reaction distillation system have been carried out in this paper. The reaction system is modeled by chemical process software Aspen Plus, and the optimal operating conditions of the steady-state system are obtained with the minimum annual total cost (Total annual cost, TAC) as the optimization objective, and the structure of the cascade of two conventional single-stage reaction distillation columns is compared. Further explore the economic benefits and feasibility of the structure. The results show that compared with the traditional cascade structure, the arrangement of two reaction segments in the reaction distillation column provides more design variables, improves the reaction rate and separation efficiency of the system, and strengthens the material and energy coupling within the system. Greatly reduced equipment investment and energy consumption.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ053.5

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 吳春生;蒸發(fā)裝置溫差出料濃度控制方案的探討和改進[J];煉油化工自動化;1995年06期

2 戚喜全;智能多模式濃度控制設(shè)想[J];云南冶金;2003年06期

3 高家雄;;漿料濃度控制系統(tǒng)[J];國際造紙;1984年01期

4 占義生;;淺談清酒過濾濃度控制[J];啤酒科技;2009年04期

5 邱正輝;王孟效;;一種改進型黑液濃度控制方案[J];中華紙業(yè);2007年06期

6 丁益平;海天測控技術(shù)中心在湖南省沅江紙廠召開DPS濃度控制系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)場演示會[J];湖南造紙;1997年02期

7 尤麗群;紙機網(wǎng)前系統(tǒng)的濃度控制[J];紙和造紙;2000年03期

8 王會清;DMC算法應用于分級機溢流濃度控制的研究[J];武漢化工學院學報;2002年04期

9 劉善明;紙機漿料系統(tǒng)的濃度控制[J];中國造紙;2003年07期

10 潘大紳;棉塵濃度控制標準探討[J];紡織學報;1996年02期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 張保偉;;鋁電解槽濃度控制策略的改進[A];第十一屆全國自動化應用技術(shù)學術(shù)交流會論文集[C];2006年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前2條

1 夏春英;雙反應段反應精餾塔的控制與分析：碳酸二甲酯與乙醇的轉(zhuǎn)酯反應[D];北京化工大學;2015年

2 李銘瑤;雙反應段反應精餾塔的綜合設(shè)計與控制研究[D];北京化工大學;2015年

，

本文編號：2270241