本文選題：氯化氫 + 氯氣��； 參考：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：氯氣作為一類重要的基礎(chǔ)化工原料,主要用于生產(chǎn)PVC、聚氨酯中間體(MDI、TDI、HDI)等耗氯產(chǎn)品。在有機(jī)氯化產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,氯原子的利用率最高只有50%,而剩余氯原子全部轉(zhuǎn)化成了氯化氫,同時(shí)也給環(huán)境帶來(lái)了直接或間接的影響。因此亟需加大氯化氫制氯氣技術(shù)研究,提高氯原子的利用率,可采取不同的解決方法,包括電解法、直接氧化法、催化氧化法等。該技術(shù)的成功開發(fā)及推廣對(duì)氯堿行業(yè)的資源利用、環(huán)境保護(hù)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展有極其重要的意義。目前,采用催化氧化法制備氯氣研究較為廣泛,國(guó)內(nèi)外一大批學(xué)者對(duì)氯化氫氧化催化劑、設(shè)備及工藝開展一系列研究,取得了一定成績(jī),但依然存在催化劑壽命短、設(shè)備腐蝕嚴(yán)重及運(yùn)行成本高等問(wèn)題。本文首先對(duì)我國(guó)氯堿行業(yè)和氯化氫制氯氣的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做出簡(jiǎn)要概述,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)氯化氫催化氧化制氯氣技術(shù)、反應(yīng)器及催化劑的發(fā)展做出了介紹。其次,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成了氯化氫氧化催化劑的制備,包括HTC-05、HTC-08、HTC-10、HTC-18等,并對(duì)HTC-18催化劑進(jìn)行改性,設(shè)計(jì)了直徑50mm、長(zhǎng)度500mm的氯化氫催化氧化制氯氣反應(yīng)器。考察了反應(yīng)溫度、質(zhì)量空速和氯化氫/氧氣進(jìn)料比對(duì)氯化氫轉(zhuǎn)化率的影響,得到最佳反應(yīng)溫度區(qū)間為400~420℃,氯化氫質(zhì)量空速為0.4~0.5h~(-1),氯化氫/氧氣進(jìn)料比為2:1,氯化氫轉(zhuǎn)化率可達(dá)到80%以上。在上述條件下,對(duì)催化劑進(jìn)行連續(xù)壽命試驗(yàn),穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行240h以上活性基本不變,同時(shí)進(jìn)行掛片試驗(yàn)確定了設(shè)備選材為哈C-276合金。最后,在實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上完成1.5萬(wàn)噸/氯化氫氧化制氯氣工藝開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì),利用模擬軟件對(duì)工藝條件、熱量的綜合利用進(jìn)行優(yōu)化并對(duì)工藝流程、主要工藝控制點(diǎn)做出了說(shuō)明。
[Abstract]:As an important basic chemical raw material, chlorine is mainly used to produce PVC, polyurethane intermediate (MDI TDI HDI) and other chlorine consuming products. In the production of organic chlorinated products, the highest utilization rate of chlorine atoms is only 50%, while all the remaining chlorine atoms are converted into hydrogen chloride, which also has direct or indirect effects on the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to increase the technical research of chlorine production from hydrogen chloride and improve the utilization ratio of chlorine atoms. Different solutions can be adopted, including electrolysis, direct oxidation, catalytic oxidation and so on. The successful development and popularization of this technology is of great significance to the utilization of resources, environmental protection and sustainable development of chlor-alkali industry. At present, the catalytic oxidation method for the preparation of chlorine gas is widely studied. A large number of scholars at home and abroad have carried out a series of studies on hydrogen chloride oxidation catalyst, equipment and process, and obtained some achievements, but the catalyst still has a short life. Serious equipment corrosion and high operating costs and other problems. In this paper, the development of chlor-alkali industry and hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas in China is briefly summarized, and the development of catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas technology, reactor and catalyst are also introduced in this paper. Secondly, the hydrogen chloride oxidation catalyst was prepared in the laboratory, including HTC-05N HTC-08-HTC-10 HTC-18, and the HTC-18 catalyst was modified. The catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with diameter of 50mm and length of 500mm was designed to produce chlorine gas. The effects of reaction temperature, mass space velocity and feed ratio of hydrogen chloride / oxygen on the conversion of hydrogen chloride were investigated. The optimum reaction temperature range was 400 ~ 420 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2106954