本文選題：玉米秸稈 + 炭材料　； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國農(nóng)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,大量的玉米秸稈廢棄物如何處置成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。近些年由于傳統(tǒng)的焚燒掩埋等處置方式的局限性越發(fā)突出,所以人們多方面尋求秸稈的其它處置途徑。將玉米秸稈制成炭材料并用于H_2S等臭氣的脫除就是一種新型環(huán)保的方法,該方法即實現(xiàn)了秸稈的資源化利用,也達到了以廢治廢的目的。本文以玉米秸稈為原料,采用化學(xué)活化法制備了秸稈炭材料,通過單因素實驗優(yōu)化出秸稈炭的最佳制備條件,并對其吸附H_2S性能進行了測試。結(jié)果表明,分別以玉米秸稈皮、芯和皮芯混合物為原料制備的炭材料對H_2S吸附性能無明顯差異。當活化溫度為350℃,料液比1:2,活化時間為70 min時,皮芯混合物制備的秸稈炭對H_2S吸附時間可達80 min;結(jié)構(gòu)分析顯示加入活化劑后對秸稈炭表面官能團的組成無明顯改變,但使秸稈炭比表面積大幅增加,微孔在H_2S吸附過程中起主要作用;H_2S被吸附后主要以單質(zhì)硫和亞硫酸鹽形式存在,與活性炭的溶解吸附機理相吻合,秸稈炭表面含氧官能團的存在影響H_2S的催化氧化,其中醚基官能團(C-O)起到主要作用。為了進一步提高秸稈炭的脫硫活性,對秸稈炭分別采用沉淀法和浸漬法負載銅改性。分析表明,沉淀法中脫硫效果最優(yōu)的是載銅量為25%、焙燒溫度為300℃時制得的樣品,H_2S吸附時間長達230 min;浸漬法中載銅量為15%、焙燒溫度為300℃時,改性秸稈炭的吸附效果達到最優(yōu),H_2S吸附時間可達130 min。表征結(jié)果顯示兩種方法中改性劑在低溫條件下均有CuO生成,在高溫條件下,CuO會發(fā)生還原反應(yīng)生成Cu2O和單質(zhì)Cu。為了使秸稈炭更具實用價值,將其加入CMC粘結(jié)劑進行成型研究。結(jié)果表明,在成型壓力為20 MPa、成型溫度為250℃、CMC添加量為20%時樣品脫硫效果最佳,吸附時間可達50 min,成型強度可達29 N·cm-2。成型后樣品中孔結(jié)構(gòu)基本保持不變,秸稈炭表面的官能團無明顯改變,可以進行工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of agriculture in China, how to dispose a large amount of corn straw waste has become the focus of attention. In recent years, because of the limitation of traditional disposal methods such as incineration and burial, people seek other disposal ways of straw. It is a new environmental protection method to make corn straw into carbon material and be used to remove the stink such as H _ 2S. This method not only realizes the utilization of straw, but also achieves the purpose of treating waste by waste. In this paper, straw carbon was prepared from corn straw by chemical activation method. The optimum preparation conditions of straw carbon were optimized by single factor experiment, and the properties of adsorbing H2S in straw carbon were tested. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the adsorption properties of H2S between carbon materials prepared from corn straw husk, core and skin core. When the activation temperature was 350 鈩，

本文編號：2099343