本文選題：納濾膜 + 硅溶膠�。� 參考：《上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,納濾膜技術(shù)已經(jīng)在生物化學(xué)、制藥、水處理、食品等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用,由于其巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)潛力,荷負(fù)電荷的納濾膜得到越來越多的關(guān)注。如何提高膜的性能已成為納濾膜研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。本文采用界面聚合方法制備納濾膜,通過選擇新型大環(huán)多胺作為水相單體,并在水相中添加硅溶膠或者有機(jī)鹽等方法對(duì)膜的性能進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文研究結(jié)果如下：首先,以截留分子量為50000Da的聚醚砜(PES)超濾膜為基膜,以自己合成的1,4,7,10-四氮雜環(huán)十二烷為水相單體,均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)為有機(jī)相單體通過界面聚合的方法制備了新型納濾膜。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了單體濃度、水相中添加硅溶膠的含量、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、熱處理時(shí)間對(duì)納濾膜純水通量和對(duì)無機(jī)鹽截留率的截留性能的影響；通過全反射紅外光譜法(FTIR-ATR)和X-射線能譜儀(EDS)研究膜表面的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu),通過掃描電鏡(SEM)和原子力顯微鏡(AFM)觀察膜表面的形態(tài)；制備的納濾膜的性能分別用不同的無機(jī)鹽的截留率來進(jìn)行評(píng)估。制備的納濾膜對(duì)幾種無機(jī)鹽的截留順序?yàn)椋篘a2SO4MgSO4Mg (NO3)2NaCl。制備的納濾膜對(duì)Na2SO4和PEG600的截留率都在90%以上,而對(duì)NaCl的截留率大概在10%左右。在水相中添加了0.1%(w/v)硅溶膠后,納濾膜對(duì)無機(jī)鹽的截留率變化不大,但是純水通量卻從24.2 L·m-2·h-1 (25℃,0.6 MPa)增加到38.9 L·m-2·h-1 (25℃,0.6 MPa),并且添加硅溶膠后的納濾膜有良好的親水性。其次,研究了以聚砜(PSF)超濾膜為基膜,以1,4-環(huán)己二胺為水相單體,TMC為有機(jī)相單體通過界面聚合的方法制備了聚環(huán)己二酰胺復(fù)合納濾膜,并且,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在水相中添加N-環(huán)己基氨基磺酸鈉(SCHS)可以一定程度的提高納濾膜的純水通量和截留率。膜的活性層結(jié)構(gòu)分別用ATR-IR、SEM和AFM進(jìn)行了表征。通過研究單體濃度、水相添加劑SCHS的含量、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、熱處理時(shí)間和溫度對(duì)納濾膜純水通量和無機(jī)鹽截留性能的影響,對(duì)納濾膜的性能進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化；采用SEM、AFM對(duì)膜的結(jié)構(gòu)和形態(tài)進(jìn)行了表征。在最佳制備條件下制備的SCHS-聚環(huán)己二酰胺復(fù)合納濾膜在操作壓力為0.6Mpa下的純水通量為：44.6 L·m-2·h-1,對(duì)2000ppm的Na2SO4溶液的截留率為98.1%。SCHS-聚環(huán)己二酰胺復(fù)合納濾膜添加SCHS后的抗污性能和親水性能有一定的提高。分別用兩種方法對(duì)制備的SCHS-聚環(huán)己二酰胺復(fù)合納濾膜的孔徑大小、孔徑分布和截留分子量進(jìn)行計(jì)算,計(jì)算的結(jié)果為：平均孔徑大概在0.33-0.42m。
[Abstract]:In recent years, nanofiltration membrane technology has been widely used in biochemistry, pharmacy, water treatment, food and other fields. Because of its great economic potential, charged and negative charge nanofiltration membrane has been paid more and more attention. How to improve the performance of nanofiltration membrane has become one of the hotspots in nanofiltration membrane research. Nanofiltration membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization. The properties of the membranes were optimized by selecting new macrocyclic polyamines as aqueous monomers and adding silica sol or organic salts in aqueous phase. The results are as follows: firstly, the polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight of 50000Da was used as the base membrane, and the water phase monomer was synthesized by ourselves. A novel nanofiltration membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization of trimethoyl chloride (TMC) as an organic monomer. The effects of monomer concentration, the content of silica sol in water phase, reaction time and heat treatment time on the water flux of nanofiltration membrane and the retention performance of inorganic salt were studied. The chemical structure of the film surface was studied by FTIR-ATR and EDS. The morphology of the film was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The properties of prepared nanofiltration membranes were evaluated by different rejection rates of inorganic salts. The retention order of the prepared nanofiltration membrane to several inorganic salts is: 1 Na 2SO 4 MgSO 4 mg O 3 O 3 O 3 NaCl. The rejection rates of nanofiltration membranes to Na _ 2SO _ 4 and PEG600 were above 90%, while to NaCl were about 10%. After adding 0.1w / v) silica sol in water phase, the rejection rate of inorganic salt by nanofiltration membrane did not change much, but the pure water flux increased from 24.2 L m -2 h -1 to 38.9 L m -2 h -1 + 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2041908