本文選題：氫氣發(fā)生器 + 空氣自呼吸燃料電池��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新能源是當(dāng)今科技發(fā)展的重點(diǎn),而氫燃料電池是清潔、高效的新能源。很多大型的燃料電池已可投入使用,小型燃料電池可以應(yīng)用于更多的領(lǐng)域,然而小型、便攜的燃料電池系統(tǒng)卻少有實(shí)現(xiàn)。制約氫燃料電池小型化的關(guān)鍵就是氫氣的存儲(chǔ),常用的高壓氫氣瓶難以應(yīng)用在便攜設(shè)備上。使用NaBH4作為儲(chǔ)氫材料,是應(yīng)用于小型系統(tǒng)的良好選擇。本文基于硼氫化鈉水解制氫,設(shè)計(jì)微型的氫氣發(fā)生裝置,并與空氣自呼吸燃料電池集成燃料電池系統(tǒng),以實(shí)現(xiàn)燃料電池系統(tǒng)的小型化,擴(kuò)展燃料電池的應(yīng)用場景。本文對(duì)硼氫化鈉水解反應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究,并制備多種催化劑,對(duì)各種催化劑的反應(yīng)響應(yīng)速度進(jìn)行測試,對(duì)不同擔(dān)載量、長度的Co-B/Nifoam催化劑在不同流速、不同濃度下的NaBH4溶液的催化情況進(jìn)行測試,確定使用磷酸摻雜的Co/γAl2O3與Co-B/Nifoam組合的方式作為反應(yīng)催化劑。對(duì)氫氣發(fā)生器的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),有效地進(jìn)行反應(yīng)中的氣液分離,并設(shè)計(jì)了高效的凈化裝置,可以在8h中有效地為反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生氫氣進(jìn)行凈化,并為燃料電池使用。對(duì)空氣自呼吸型燃料電池的原理與結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究,并對(duì)不同操作條件下的電池性能進(jìn)行測試分析,確定最佳工作參數(shù)為排氣周期30s、排氣時(shí)長0.1s、氫氣壓力為50kPa,并對(duì)燃料電池的氫氣消耗量進(jìn)行測試,為系統(tǒng)集成提供基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)集成燃料電池系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),并具體實(shí)現(xiàn)了氫氣發(fā)生器、氣體凈化裝置以及控制系統(tǒng),對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了氫氣發(fā)生速率測試、電池輸出測試。最終實(shí)現(xiàn)的集成系統(tǒng),其氫氣發(fā)生系統(tǒng)可在2ml蠕動(dòng)泵進(jìn)液速率下穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)氫1.8L/min,系統(tǒng)可在12V輸出電壓下有63W輸出功率,系統(tǒng)重量約2kg,系統(tǒng)的能量密度隨系統(tǒng)燃料質(zhì)量增加、工作時(shí)間增加而增加,在8h工作時(shí)長下,需要裝714g燃料,系統(tǒng)的能量密度可達(dá)到207Wh/kg。該系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定,可以作為便攜的電池系統(tǒng)使用。
[Abstract]:New energy is the focus of the development of science and technology, and hydrogen fuel cell is a clean and efficient new energy. Many large fuel cells are already available and small fuel cells can be used in more fields, but small, portable fuel cell systems are rare. Hydrogen storage is the key to the miniaturization of hydrogen fuel cells. It is a good choice to use NaBH _ 4 as hydrogen storage material for small scale systems. In this paper, based on hydrolysis of sodium borohydride to produce hydrogen, a micro hydrogen generator is designed, and the fuel cell system is integrated with air self-breathing fuel cell to realize the miniaturization of the fuel cell system and expand the application scenario of the fuel cell. In this paper, the hydrolysis reaction of sodium borohydride was studied, and a variety of catalysts were prepared. The reaction response rates of various catalysts were measured. Co-Br / Nifoam catalysts with different loading amount and length were tested at different flow rates. The catalytic activity of NaBH4 solution with different concentrations was tested and the combination of phosphoric acid doped Co / 緯 Al 2O 3 and Co-Br Nifoam was determined as the catalyst. The structure of the hydrogen generator is designed to effectively separate the gas and liquid in the reaction, and an efficient purification device is designed, which can effectively purify the hydrogen produced by the reaction and be used for the fuel cell in 8 hours. The principle and structure of air self-breathing fuel cell are studied, and the performance of air self-breathing fuel cell under different operating conditions is tested and analyzed. The optimal working parameters are as follows: the exhaust period is 30 s, the exhaust time is 0.1 s, and the hydrogen pressure is 50 KPA. The hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell is measured, which provides the basis for the system integration. The structure of the integrated fuel cell system is designed, and the hydrogen generator, gas purifying device and control system are realized. The hydrogen generation rate and the battery output are tested. The final integrated system can produce 1.8 L / min hydrogen at the inlet rate of 2ml peristaltic pump. The system can produce 63 W output power at 12V output voltage, and the weight of the system is about 2 kg. The energy density of the system increases with the fuel quality of the system. The energy density of the system can reach 207Wh/ kg. when the working hours are longer than 8 hours, 714g fuel is needed. The system works stably and can be used as a portable battery system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.4

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