本文選題：煤矸石 + 高嶺石　； 參考：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤矸石是指煤礦在開采中排出的含碳巖石。目前我國煤矸石已累計(jì)堆存45億噸,約占全國工業(yè)廢渣的25%,且每年以3~4億噸的速度增長。僅兩淮礦區(qū)煤矸石就達(dá)到1億噸,約占安徽省固體廢棄物總排放量的40%。煤矸石長期堆存占用土地,污染大氣和地下水,對環(huán)境造成立體污染,矸石山的自燃、泥石流等嚴(yán)重危及人們的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。因此加強(qiáng)煤矸石資源綜合利用迫在眉睫。本文對皖北地區(qū)煤矸石在膠凝材料方面的綜合利用進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。采用熒光分析、X-ray衍射分析、掃描電鏡、核磁共振分析煤矸石礦物組成、化學(xué)組成、微觀形貌等;通過機(jī)械活化、熱活化和化學(xué)活化對煤矸石進(jìn)行活性激發(fā);綜合考慮煅燒溫度、保溫時(shí)間、物料粒度對煤矸石活性的影響,設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn);將活化煤矸石摻入水泥中驗(yàn)證煤矸石活性;利用活化煤矸石代替水泥熟料制備低熟料硅酸鹽水泥,探索活化煤矸石、石膏、礦渣、生石灰摻量對水泥熟料-石膏體系的影響;尋找配制滿足物理力學(xué)性能的低熟料復(fù)合硅酸鹽水泥優(yōu)化配比;比較原狀煤矸石、活化煤矸石、煤渣摻入水泥熟料-石膏體系對膠凝性能的影響。研究表明:煤矸石主要化學(xué)組成為氧化硅和氧化鋁,主要礦物組成為高嶺石,屬粘土巖質(zhì)矸石。該煤矸石活化條件為煅燒溫度700℃、保溫時(shí)間1h、顆粒粒徑小于0.08mm。利用活化煤矸石配制的水泥滿足復(fù)合硅酸鹽水泥標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,且后期強(qiáng)度發(fā)展較高。配比為活化煤矸石30%、礦渣10%所得復(fù)合硅酸鹽水泥,3天抗壓強(qiáng)度可達(dá)13.2MPa,28天抗壓強(qiáng)度可達(dá)到40.7MPa;引入外加劑后,早期抗壓強(qiáng)度增大,當(dāng)配比為外加劑0.7%、煤矸石30%、礦渣10%時(shí),所得復(fù)合硅酸鹽水泥3天抗壓強(qiáng)度可達(dá)17.0MPa,28天抗壓強(qiáng)度可達(dá)40.1MPa;均滿足復(fù)合硅酸鹽32.5水泥力學(xué)性能要求。相同摻量的活化煤矸石與煤渣制備的水泥,后者強(qiáng)度高于前者,所以煤渣活性更高。經(jīng)掃描電鏡觀察,所配制低熟料硅酸鹽水泥早期水化產(chǎn)物中絮狀C-S-H凝膠和柱狀晶體較少,后期隨著水化反應(yīng)進(jìn)行生成的絮狀C-S-H凝膠增多,因而水泥膠凝性能提高;對原狀和煅燒煤矸石進(jìn)行核磁共振分析可知,經(jīng)高溫煅燒的煤矸石29Si NMR譜向高場移動,高嶺石晶體結(jié)構(gòu)被逐漸破壞,生成偏高嶺石、氧化硅及氧化鋁。該課題促進(jìn)煤矸石綜合利用研究進(jìn)展,為配制煤矸石復(fù)合硅酸鹽水泥提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Coal gangue is the carbonaceous rock discharged from coal mining. At present, 4.5 billion tons of coal gangue have been accumulated in our country, accounting for 25% of the industrial waste residue in China, and increasing at the rate of 3 ~ 4 billion tons every year. Coal gangue in Lianghuai mining area alone reached 100 million tons, accounting for 40% of the total discharge of solid waste in Anhui Province. For a long time, coal gangue deposits and occupies land, pollutes atmosphere and groundwater, causes three-dimensional pollution to environment, spontaneous combustion of gangue mountain, debris flow and so on, seriously endangers people's life and property safety. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue resources. In this paper, the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in the cementitious material is studied. Fluorescence analysis X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of coal gangue mineral composition, chemical composition, micro-morphology, through mechanical activation, thermal activation and chemical activation of coal gangue activation, comprehensive consideration of calcination temperature, The influence of heat preservation time and particle size on the activity of coal gangue is studied by orthogonal design; the activity of coal gangue is verified by adding activated coal gangue into cement; the low clinker Portland cement is prepared by using activated coal gangue instead of cement clinker to explore the activation of coal gangue. The effect of gypsum, slag and quicklime content on cement clinker-gypsum system; to find out the optimum ratio of low clinker composite Portland cement to meet physical and mechanical properties; to compare raw coal gangue, activate coal gangue, Effect of coal slag on cement clinker-gypsum system. The results show that the main chemical composition of coal gangue is silica and alumina, and the main mineral composition is kaolinite, which belongs to clay rock gangue. The activation conditions of coal gangue are calcination temperature 700 鈩，

本文編號：1947497