本文選題：酚醛樹脂 + 泡沫炭　； 參考：《華東理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：與中間相瀝青相比,酚醛樹脂作為富碳前驅(qū)體,在制備高性能泡沫炭時,具有原料廉價、發(fā)泡條件溫和、能耗低、孔結(jié)構(gòu)易控等優(yōu)點,因此酚醛樹脂基泡沫炭將具有更為廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。本文針對酚醛樹脂基泡沫炭在制備過程孔徑不均勻、孔壁易開裂以及工藝過程復雜等不足,展開以熱塑性酚醛樹脂為原料制備泡沫炭的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究。具體采用加壓發(fā)泡法,通過發(fā)泡-炭化一步法簡化泡沫炭的制備工藝,得到具有規(guī)則球形孔結(jié)構(gòu)的高強度泡沫炭,并實現(xiàn)對泡沫炭孔結(jié)構(gòu)均一性及密度的有效調(diào)控,為今后的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究或工程化放大提供參考。本實驗通過對泡沫炭制備工藝中各參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律進行逐一考察,得出了如下主要結(jié)論或結(jié)果：1)發(fā)泡壓力和固化劑含量分別是泡沫炭的密度和孔徑的最大影響參數(shù),炭化升溫速率是泡沫炭的壓縮強度和開孔率的最大影響參數(shù)。采用不同的工藝參數(shù)制備泡沫炭,其體積密度為0.10-0.70g/cm3,平均孔徑為232～322μm,開孔率為75-97%；2)孔結(jié)構(gòu)的均一性主要由發(fā)泡階段升溫速率決定,降低升溫速率有利于提高孔結(jié)構(gòu)均一性,但這是以增大平均孔徑為代價的。當發(fā)泡階段升溫速率由3℃/min降低到0.5℃/min時,泡沫炭的孔徑分布變得集中,平均孔徑由267μm增大到304μm；3)開孔的形成機理分兩種：一種形成于氣泡的增長階段,決定于發(fā)泡速率和固化速率的匹配程度。另一種形成于固化后泡沫體的慢速熱解膨脹過程,決定于炭化升溫速率。前者形成的氣孔具有光滑的弧邊,后者則呈齒紋狀；4)在900℃/2.5MPa初壓條件下,采用最優(yōu)工藝參數(shù)制備的泡沫炭的平均孔徑為268μm,體積密度為0.52g/cm3,壓縮強度為18.3MPa。
[Abstract]:Compared with mesophase pitch, phenolic resin, as a carbon-rich precursor, has the advantages of cheap raw materials, mild foaming conditions, low energy consumption, easy control of pore structure, and so on. Therefore, phenolic resin based foamed carbon will have a wider application prospect. In this paper, the application of thermoplastic phenolic resin as raw material to the preparation of foamed carbon was studied, aiming at the shortcomings of uneven pore size, easy cracking of pore wall and complex process. The high strength foamed carbon with regular spherical pore structure was obtained by using pressure foaming method and one step method of foaming and carbonization to simplify the preparation process of foamed carbon, and the structure homogeneity and density of foam carbon pore were effectively controlled. It provides a reference for the future application of basic research or engineering amplification. In this experiment, the effects of various parameters on the preparation of foamed carbon were investigated one by one, and the following conclusions or results were obtained: foaming pressure and curing agent content were respectively the biggest influence parameters of the density and pore size of foamed carbon. The carbonization heating rate is the most important parameter of the compression strength and the porosity of carbon foams. Foamed carbon was prepared with different process parameters. The bulk density was 0.10-0.70 g / cm ~ 3, the average pore size was 2322322 渭 m. The homogeneity of pore structure was mainly determined by the heating rate of foaming stage, and the decrease of heating rate was beneficial to improve the homogeneity of pore structure. But this is at the cost of increasing the average aperture. When the heating rate of foaming phase decreases from 3 鈩，

本文編號：1943777