本文選題：混凝土 + 超聲波��； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：混凝土是工程建筑中非常重要的結(jié)構(gòu)材料，它的質(zhì)量直接關(guān)系到建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性和耐久性。因此，對(duì)混凝土質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢測(cè)和控制就顯得尤為重要。本文從超聲檢測(cè)的物理基礎(chǔ)出發(fā)，詳細(xì)分析了超聲波在混凝土檢測(cè)中的特點(diǎn)，討論了混凝土缺陷超聲檢測(cè)常用的方法和數(shù)據(jù)判定方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合電子技術(shù)、信號(hào)處理技術(shù)、虛擬儀器技術(shù)等開(kāi)發(fā)了一套混凝土缺陷超聲檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)。 論文完成了整個(gè)混凝土缺陷超聲檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)軟、硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)與調(diào)試。硬件部分主要包括超聲波發(fā)射電路、信號(hào)接收及調(diào)理電路、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換電路、基于FPGA的串口通信、脈沖觸發(fā)、FIFO、FIR濾波等。軟件部分主要完成了基于LabVIEW的上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)超聲檢測(cè)信號(hào)數(shù)字濾波、頻譜分析、聲學(xué)參數(shù)測(cè)量、檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)表保存、波形顯示、首波自動(dòng)閾值檢測(cè)以及手動(dòng)檢測(cè)等功能。 最后，對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)按照相關(guān)技術(shù)規(guī)程在空氣中進(jìn)行了聲時(shí)校驗(yàn)，校驗(yàn)的聲速相對(duì)誤差為0.29%，滿足規(guī)范要求的±0.5%以內(nèi)。進(jìn)而以400mm×200mm×200mm的混凝土試塊為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，分別采用50kHz和200kHz的超聲換能器，利用對(duì)測(cè)法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了實(shí)際檢測(cè)，，檢測(cè)結(jié)果較為滿意，驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的可行性。
[Abstract]:Concrete is a very important structural material in engineering buildings. Its quality is directly related to the safety and durability of building structures. Therefore, the quality of concrete detection and control is particularly important. Based on the physical basis of ultrasonic detection, the characteristics of ultrasonic testing in concrete are analyzed in detail, and the common methods and data determination methods for ultrasonic detection of concrete defects are discussed in this paper. On this basis, an experimental system for ultrasonic detection of concrete defects is developed by combining electronic technology, signal processing technology and virtual instrument technology. In this paper, the design and debugging of the hardware and software of the ultrasonic detection system for concrete defects are completed. The hardware mainly includes ultrasonic transmitting circuit, signal receiving and conditioning circuit and A / D conversion circuit, serial port communication based on FPGA, pulse trigger FIFO / Fir filter and so on. The software part mainly completes the software design of upper computer based on LabVIEW, realizes digital filtering of ultrasonic detection signal, spectrum analysis, measurement of acoustic parameters, preservation of test data report, waveform display, etc. First wave automatic threshold detection and manual detection and other functions. Finally, the sound time calibration of the detection system is carried out in the air according to the relevant technical regulations. The relative error of sound velocity is 0.29, within 鹵0.5% of the standard. Then taking the concrete sample of 400mm 脳 200mm 脳 200mm as the experimental object, using the ultrasonic transducer of 50kHz and 200kHz respectively, the practical test is carried out by using the measuring method. The results are satisfactory and the feasibility of the system is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU528.07

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