本文選題：膜生物反應(yīng)器 + 紫外輻照接枝　； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：膜生物反應(yīng)器(MBR)在水污染治理中獲得廣泛的關(guān)注。膜污染、使用壽命低問(wèn)題仍是制約MBR大規(guī)模推廣的重要因素。這主要問(wèn)題歸因于膜材料強(qiáng)度低以及混合料液成分復(fù)雜。因此本文從膜材料出發(fā),選擇具有使用壽命長(zhǎng)又抗污染的膜材料。本文以聚丙烯中空纖維膜為研究對(duì)象,以丙烯酸(AA)為親水化改性主要原材料,采用連續(xù)化紫外輻照的方法接枝改性。通過(guò)控制不同的接枝反應(yīng)條件,如光敏劑作用、單體濃度、卷繞速度、循環(huán)次數(shù)等因素來(lái)考察表面接枝改性的效果。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)光敏劑對(duì)接枝反應(yīng)起到?jīng)Q定性作用,在沒(méi)有添加光敏劑是接枝反應(yīng)不能進(jìn)行,因此沒(méi)有接枝效果。(2)接枝率受單體濃度的影響顯著,接枝單體濃度的升高,接枝率上升后趨于平緩,30wt.%的單體濃度作為本次接枝實(shí)驗(yàn)條件。(3)卷繞速度對(duì)接枝率有直接的影響,隨之卷繞速度增大,接枝率先增大到減小,在3m/min時(shí)有較好的效果。(4)循環(huán)次數(shù)也對(duì)接枝率有影響,受接枝位點(diǎn)影響呈現(xiàn)先增加后趨緩的趨勢(shì)。在MBR試驗(yàn)中對(duì)比原膜與親水改性后膜表面及膜孔的污染行為。在恒流量11.5 L/m2h的條件下跨膜壓在38-53Kpa的范圍內(nèi)的變化。親水化改性后PP膜的跨膜壓比原PP膜低3-5Kpa,通量恢復(fù)率高出30%。膜表觀性能以及形貌變化可以由萬(wàn)能拉伸測(cè)試儀、場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電鏡(FESEM)和原子力測(cè)試儀(AFM)來(lái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試表征。膜表面和膜孔的污染物由紅外光譜分析、能譜分析和激光粒徑分析來(lái)完成。整個(gè)運(yùn)行周期表現(xiàn)了親水改性的PP膜良好的抗污染能力。設(shè)定運(yùn)行條件:水力停留時(shí)間12h、污泥濃度2-6g/L、曝氣量70L/min。COD和氨氮的去除率在93%和90%以上,整個(gè)污染物降解過(guò)程沒(méi)有受到改性技術(shù)的影響,運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:MBR (membrane Bioreactor) has been paid more and more attention in water pollution control. The problem of membrane fouling and low service life is still an important factor restricting the large-scale popularization of MBR. This problem is mainly attributed to the low strength of the membrane material and the complex composition of the mixture. In this paper, membrane materials with long service life and anti-pollution are selected. In this paper, polypropylene hollow fiber membrane was studied, and acrylic acid (AA) was used as the main material for hydrophilic modification. The graft modification was carried out by continuous ultraviolet irradiation. The effect of surface grafting modification was investigated by controlling different grafting reaction conditions such as Guang Min, monomer concentration, winding speed, cycle times and so on. It was found that the grafting reaction of Guang Min agent played a decisive role, and the grafting rate was significantly affected by the monomer concentration and the concentration of the graft monomer was increased because the grafting reaction could not be carried out without the addition of Guang Min agent. When the grafting rate increased, the monomer concentration of 30 wt.%, which was used as the condition of grafting experiment, had a direct effect on the grafting rate. With the increase of the winding speed, the grafting speed increased and the graft increased first to decrease. The number of cycles was also affected by grafting sites, and the grafting sites showed a tendency of increasing at first and then slowing down. The surface and pore fouling behaviors of the original membrane and hydrophilic modified membrane were compared in MBR test. The change of transmembrane pressure in the range of 38-53Kpa at constant flow rate of 11.5 L/m2h. The transmembrane pressure of the hydrophilic modified PP membrane was 3-5 KPA lower than that of the original PP membrane, and the flux recovery rate was 30% higher than that of the original PP membrane. The apparent properties and morphologies of the films can be characterized by universal tensile tester, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force tester (AFM). The contaminants on the membrane surface and pore were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, energy spectrum and laser particle size analysis. The whole operation cycle showed good anti-pollution ability of hydrophilic modified PP membrane. The operating conditions were as follows: hydraulic retention time 12 h, sludge concentration 2-6 g / L, removal rate of 70L/min.COD and ammonia nitrogen above 93% and 90%, the degradation process of pollutants was not affected by modification technology, and the operation was stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.893;X703

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