本文選題：四丁基溴化銨 + 四丁基氫氧化銨　； 參考：《青島科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：四丁基氫氧化銨作為一種有機季銨堿,主要應(yīng)用于電子化學品、相轉(zhuǎn)移催化劑、分子篩模板劑等方面。隨著其應(yīng)用范圍的不斷擴展,四丁基氫氧化銨的需求量在日益增加。但目前應(yīng)用廣泛的幾種方法合成的四丁基氫氧化銨都存在同一缺點：由于產(chǎn)品中雜質(zhì)含量較高,導致其純度不夠,品質(zhì)較差,極大的限制了四丁基氫氧化銨的應(yīng)用范圍。因此,研究用電滲析法合成四丁基氫氧化銨將具有很好的市場前景。本文首先對四丁基氫氧化銨的原料---四丁基溴化銨的合成工藝進行了研究：以三正丁胺和溴代正丁烷為原料探討其方法和工藝條件�？疾炝宋锪吓浔�,溶劑種類,反應(yīng)時間,重結(jié)晶工藝等。通過實驗得到較佳合成工藝條件為：以乙腈為溶劑,物料比為：n(三丁胺)：n(溴丁烷)：n(乙腈)=1：1.2：4,反應(yīng)時間24h,反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化率達到93%。重結(jié)晶母液可套用3次,平均產(chǎn)率達到86.6%。其次,采用單膜法對在四丁基氫氧化銨的電滲析工藝中的陽離子膜進行了考察篩選,根據(jù)實驗得到數(shù)據(jù)判定TC-1膜可用于四丁基銨根陽離子透過的陽離子膜。并對單膜法進行改進,提出了三膜四室電滲析的連續(xù)生產(chǎn)操作實驗方案。該方案較大程度提高了電滲析法的電流效率,簡化了操作條件,節(jié)約了人工成本。通過對電滲析的各項實驗因素考察,得到最佳的工藝條件為：電流密度200A/m2,各槽流量150L/h,原料鹽質(zhì)量濃度50%,堿質(zhì)量濃度6%的條件下,電流效率達到最佳。
[Abstract]:As an organic quaternary ammonium hydroxide, quaternary ammonium hydroxide is mainly used in electronic chemicals, phase transfer catalysts, molecular sieve templates and so on. With the continuous expansion of its scope of application, the demand for ammonium hydroxide of Ding Ji is increasing day by day. However, the four Ding Ji ammonium hydroxide, which has been widely used in several methods, has the same shortcoming: because of the high impurity content in the product, the purity is not enough and the quality is poor, which greatly limits the application range of the four Ding Ji ammonium hydroxide. Therefore, the study on the synthesis of ammonium hydroxide from tetra by electrodialysis will have a good market prospect. In this paper, the synthetic process of tetra- ammonium hydroxide, a raw material of tetra ammonium hydroxide, was studied. The method and technological conditions were discussed with tri-butylamine and bromo-n-butane as raw materials. The material ratio, solvent type, reaction time and recrystallization process were investigated. The optimum synthetic conditions were obtained as follows: acetonitrile was used as solvent, the molar ratio of tributylamine: n (bromobutane) was 1: 1.2: 4, reaction time was 24 h, the conversion rate of the reaction reached 933%. The recrystallization mother liquor can be applied for 3 times, and the average yield is 86.6%. Secondly, the cationic membrane in the electrodialysis process of four Ding Ji ammonium hydroxide was investigated by single membrane method. According to the experimental data, the cationic membrane of TC-1 membrane can be used for the cation permeation of the ammonium hydroxide of four Ding Ji. The single membrane method was improved and the continuous operation scheme of three-film four-compartment electrodialysis was put forward. This scheme greatly improves the current efficiency of electrodialysis, simplifies the operating conditions and saves the labor cost. Through the investigation of various experimental factors of electrodialysis, the optimum process conditions were obtained as follows: current density 200A / m ~ 2, flow rate 150L / h, salt concentration 50 and alkali concentration 6%, and the current efficiency reached the best under the conditions of current density 200A / m ~ 2, flow rate 150L / h, salt mass concentration 50% and alkali concentration 6%.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ151

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本文編號：1819063