本文選題：相州窯 + X射線熒光分析��； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)陶瓷的發(fā)展歷史悠久,底蘊(yùn)深厚,它的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展在人類文明史上有十分重要的意義。在中國(guó)古代陶瓷史上,白瓷是一個(gè)極為重要的分類,是在青瓷的燒制基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的,比青瓷的產(chǎn)生晚了近2000年,白瓷的燒制成功標(biāo)志著我國(guó)古陶瓷燒制工藝產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)的飛躍,為以后的制瓷工藝奠定了基礎(chǔ)。白瓷要求胎釉都呈白色,雜質(zhì)含量特別少,鐵元素含量不高于1%,比青瓷的燒制工藝要求高得多,它是當(dāng)時(shí)陶瓷高度發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物。河南地處中原,是古代政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展的中心,中國(guó)目前最早的青瓷和白瓷都出土于河南境內(nèi)。相州窯位于安陽市恒河南岸,發(fā)現(xiàn)于1974年,是南北朝至隋唐時(shí)期中國(guó)北方最大的青瓷窯址,也是中國(guó)白瓷燒制的創(chuàng)始,在中國(guó)陶瓷史上占有非常重要的地位。從外觀上看,相州窯陶瓷樣品的釉色呈現(xiàn)白中泛青和泛黃。目前,對(duì)于相州窯陶瓷的起源和發(fā)展,仍缺少系統(tǒng)的研究,因此,用現(xiàn)代實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)研究相州窯青瓷和白瓷,對(duì)于研究相州窯陶瓷原料來源和燒制工藝具有十分重要的意義。本論文以安陽相州窯為研究對(duì)象,利用孔隙儀、掃描電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射儀、分光光度計(jì)等多種現(xiàn)代實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù),測(cè)量它們的物理性能、顯微結(jié)構(gòu)、反射光譜主波長(zhǎng)范圍和物相組成等,主要得出以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論:1.相州窯顯氣孔率在1.742%-19.551%之間;吸水率范圍在0.752%-10.457%之間;體積密度范圍在1.82g/cm3-2.32g/cm3之間;表面密度在2.05g/cm3-2.59g/cm3之間。相州窯分布比較分散,黃冶窯比較集中。說明相州窯的燒制工藝處于發(fā)展階段,黃冶窯的制瓷工藝更加成熟。2.相州窯各樣品主波長(zhǎng)大小不一,能達(dá)到白瓷的程度,但白中泛青和白中泛黃樣品居多。同一樣品中,內(nèi)、外表面的反射光譜基本相同,說明相州窯時(shí)期內(nèi)外施釉的方法已經(jīng)成熟。且外釉反射率大部分都高于內(nèi)釉反射率,這是由于燒制過程中外表面溫度升降速度要高于內(nèi)表面。白中泛青釉的主波長(zhǎng)范圍在660nm~699nm之間,且主波長(zhǎng)越小,青色越深。白中泛黃釉的主波長(zhǎng)在720nm~767nm之間。3.用掃描電子顯微鏡研究相州窯瓷胎和瓷釉的顯微結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)果表明相州窯瓷胎中含有大量均勻分布的孔隙,胎質(zhì)較為均勻致密。相州窯釉層厚度在100~150微米之間,釉層中的氣泡直徑在10微米~100微米之間。同時(shí),相州窯瓷釉中含有大量鈣長(zhǎng)石析晶和少量未熔石英。且相州窯的胎釉結(jié)合處出現(xiàn)大量的析晶-分相結(jié)構(gòu),含有大量的針狀或柱狀的鈣長(zhǎng)石晶體,分相形貌呈云狀或蠕蟲狀。4.相州窯瓷胎中主要含有莫來石和石英晶體,石英晶體以α-石英和方石英結(jié)構(gòu)為主,且個(gè)別樣品中含有少量赤鐵礦。相州窯所選瓷胎樣品中各晶體種類、含量大致相同,說明當(dāng)時(shí)相州窯的制造工藝已經(jīng)成熟。5.通過相州窯XRF數(shù)據(jù)可知,相州窯原料來源與黃冶窯明顯不同,相州窯胎料產(chǎn)地較為集中,釉料分布相對(duì)分散。
[Abstract]:The development of Chinese ceramics has a long history and deep connotation. Its production and development are of great significance in the history of human civilization. In the history of Chinese ancient ceramics, white porcelain was a very important classification. It was produced on the basis of the burning of celadon. The production of white porcelain was late in 2000. The success of white porcelain marks the ancient ceramics in China. The burning process produced a qualitative leap and laid the foundation for the process of porcelain making in the future. White porcelain requires that the enamel is white, the content of the impurity is very little, the content of the iron is not more than 1%, which is much higher than the burning process of the celadon. It is the product of the high development of the ceramics at that time. Henan is located in the Central Plains, the center of the ancient political, economic and cultural development. The earliest celadon and white porcelain in China are unearthed in Henan. The Xiangzhou kiln is located on the South Bank of Ganges RIver, Anyang city. It was found in 1974, the largest celadon kiln in northern China to the Sui and Tang Dynasty, and the founding of the Chinese white porcelain burning. It occupies a very important position in the history of Chinese ceramics. From the appearance, the samples of Xiangzhou kiln ceramics are in appearance. At present, there is still a lack of systematic research on the origin and development of Xiangzhou Kiln Ceramics. Therefore, it is very important to study the celadon and white porcelain of Xiangzhou kiln by modern experimental technology. This paper takes Anyang Xiangzhou kiln as the research object and uses holes in this paper. Gap meter, scanning electron microscope, X ray diffractometer, spectrophotometer and many other modern experimental techniques, measuring their physical properties, microstructure, the main wavelength range and phase composition of the reflectance spectra. The main conclusions are as follows: the apparent porosity of the 1. phase state kiln is 1.742% -19.551%; the water absorption range is between 0.752%-10.457% and volume. The density range is between 1.82g/cm3-2.32g/cm3, and the surface density is between 2.05g/cm3-2.59g/cm3. The distribution of the kiln in Xiangzhou kiln is scattered and the Yellow smelter kiln is more concentrated. It shows that the firing process of the Xiangzhou kiln is at the stage of development. The porcelain craft of the yellowing kiln is more mature and the main wavelengths of the.2. Xiangzhou kiln are different and the degree of white porcelain can be reached, but the white is in the pan. In the same sample, the reflection spectrum of the inner and outer surfaces of the same sample is basically the same, indicating that the method of glazing is mature inside and outside the period of the Xiangzhou kiln and the reflectivity of the outer glaze is most higher than the inner glaze reflectivity, which is due to the higher speed of the surface temperature in the firing process than the inner surface. The main wavelength norm of the pan green glaze in white. The smaller the main wavelength is, the smaller the main wavelength is, the deeper the blue color is. The main wavelength of the yellowing glaze in the white is 720nm~767nm.3. using the scanning electron microscope to study the microstructure of the porcelain and porcelain glaze of the Xiangzhou kiln. The results show that there are a large number of evenly distributed pores in the porcelain of the Xiangzhou kiln and the homogeneous and compact fetal quality. The thickness of the glaze layer of the Xiangzhou kiln is 100~150 micro. The diameter of the bubbles in the glaze layer is between 10 microns and ~100 microns. At the same time, the glaze of the Xiangzhou kiln contains a large number of calcite crystallization and a small amount of unfused quartz. And there are a large number of crystallization and phase separation structures in the enamel binding of the Xiangzhou kiln, which contain a large number of acicular or columnar calcite crystals, and the phase morphology is cloudy or wormlike.4. state kiln porcelain. There are mainly mullite and quartz crystals in the fetus. The quartz crystal is mainly composed of alpha quartz and quartzite structure, and a small amount of hematite is contained in some samples. The crystal types of the selected porcelain samples in the Xiangzhou kiln are roughly the same. It shows that the manufacturing process of Xiangzhou kiln was mature at that time.5. through the XRF data of Xiangzhou kiln, the raw materials of Xiangzhou kiln were found. The source is obviously different from Huang Ye kiln. The producing area of Xiangzhou kiln is centralized and the glaze distribution is relatively dispersed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ174.1

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1 方可可;現(xiàn)代實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)在相州窯陶瓷中的應(yīng)用[D];鄭州大學(xué);2017年

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本文編號(hào)：1792237